may 2007lifelong learning in the european union1
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May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 3
European Union “Lisbon agenda”2000-2010
Sense of underperformance Sharpened by US
Major issues to address Globalisation Competitiveness Jobs and growth
Potential is there
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 4
Lisbon agenda – key areas
The Knowledge Society and policy on Enterprise Research Education Innovation
Keys to jobs, growth and competitiveness
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 5
Lisbon and EU “competence”
EU is not quite federal but Defined fields of action Principle of subsidiarity
Common issues Could do better Highly dispersed
performance Contains world-beaters
Open method of coordination Recognition of common
goals Voluntary participation Benchmarking method
Self-driven assessment cycle Commission assessment National reform agenda Annual report High level political
discussion
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 6
Lisbon put education & training on the EU map
Education & training challenged by demography Lisbon requires efficiency traditional concern for equity
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 7
Demographic challenge to Europe
Population 493 million Fertility below replacement since 1970, now 1.5 Life expectancy increasing 2 years every decade Working age population will decline from 2011 Median age rises from 39 to 49 2005-2050 Migration pressure
Demand pull Economic pressure creates supply Instability elsewhere (asylum applications have soared
since 1990) Currently 17.7 million non-national residents
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 8
Lisbon put education & training on the EU map
Education & training challenged by demography Lisbon requires efficiency traditional concern for equity
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 9
Education and training 2010 (1)
Objectives Improve quality & effectiveness Facilitate access Open up systems to the world
Method – peer learning clusters Modernisation of HE Teachers & trainers Making best use of resources ICT & the recognition of learning outcomes etc
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 10
Education and training 2010 (2)
Monitor progress 5 benchmarks
Not more than 10% early school leavers
Decrease of 20% in low-achievement in literacy
85% of young people complete upper secondary education
Adult participation in education 12.5%
Indicators developing
Report progress Biennial Joint Progress
Report (next in February 2008)
Reference tools Resolutions on lifelong
learning, lifelong guidance etc
Recommendations on key competences, EQF, teacher training etc
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 11
Education and training 2010- Benchmarks
2000 TodayTrend 2010
Benchmark2010
1. Early school leavers (%) 17.6 15.4 13 10 2. MST graduates(000) 685 867 1100
790 3. Youth education attainment (% upper
secondary)76.6 77.4 78 85
4. Low achieving15 year oldsreading %
19.4 19.8 20 15.5
5. LLL adult participation (%) 7.1 9.7 10.5 12.5
* Change in series, for LLL the change overstates real progress
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 12
Lisbon target 85%
Education and training 2010- Benchmark LLL 85%
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 13
Target not more than 10%
Education and training 2010- Early school leavers <10%
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 14
Education and training 2010- Benchmarks
Progress in the 5 benchmarks (EU average)
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010Year
2010 b
en
ch
mark
s =
100
MST graduates
Lifelong learning participation
Early school leavers
Upper secondary completion
Low achievers in reading
progress required
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 15
Education and training 2010- female participation in tertiary
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 16
Education and training 2010- Core indicators 8 use current data
Participation in pre-school Early school leavers Literacy in reading, maths,
science Completion rates upper
secondary HE graduates Adult participation in LLL Cross national mobility in
HE Educational attainment of
the population
3 need further refinement of definitions Special needs education ICT Skills Investment in E&T
5 “to be pursued” Civic skills Adult skills Professional development
of teachers Language skills Learning to learn skills
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 17
Key competences for Lifelong Learning (1)
National strategy to provide for Young people to develop key competences Young people with educational disadvantage Adults to develop & update across life Infrastructure for continuing education Coherence between E&T and social,
employment, cultural & innovation policy
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 18
Key competences for Lifelong Learning (2)
8 key competences Communication in mother tongue Communication in foreign languages Mathematical competence & basic competence in
science & technology Digital competence Learning to learn Social & civic competence Sense of initiative & entrepreneurship Cultural awareness & expression
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 19
European Qualifications Framework (1)
Objectives Facilitate transparency of qualifications Promote mobility Encourage lifelong learning
Operates on basis of learning outcomes 8 levels of qualification Descriptors for
Knowledge Skills Competences
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 20
European Qualifications Framework (2) Example
Level 1 Basic general knowledge Basic skills required to carry out specific tasks Work or study under direct supervision in a structured context
Level 6 – bachelor’s degree Level 8 – doctorate
EQF is underpinned by Quality assurance Sectoral detail from Tuning Compatible with
ECVET (vocational training system) ECTS (Bologna tool for higher education)
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 21
Reform of Higher Education
Curricula 3-cycle system Competence based
learning Flexible learning paths Recognition Mobility
Governance University autonomy Partnership with
stakeholders Quality assurance
Funding Diversify Promote equity Access & efficiency
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 22
Education for innovation
Creativity and innovation The drop-out who thinks outside the box The doctors who make it work
Soft innovation skills Creativity, problem solving, communication, team work
Innovation depends on competence, not knowledge: on active involvement of learner in learning process, reflection, interpretation
ICT skills are crucial
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 23
Lisbon put education & training on the EU map
Education & training challenged by demography Lisbon requires efficiency traditional concern for equity
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 24
Equity & efficiency
Equity & efficiency are compatible objectives Biggest returns come to pre-school learning Early tracking promotes neither efficiency nor
equity Free HE may not be a good use of resources Training should be linked to business Policy should be based on evidence
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 25
The benefits of education and training
Children from a low socio-economic background
Children from a high socio-economic background
Pre-primary
Primary & Secondary
Higher education
Adult education
Rate of return
Age
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 26
Evidence based policy (1)
Very little research is carried out on education
Reluctance in accepting research evidence as policy basis
Teachers in general are neither equipped to contribute to research, nor to use it
Sequence: creation – mediation – application. Difficult at each step
Impact of evidence on public debate according to survey respondents
Answers to questionnaire on public debate & statistical evidence: 'Do you
think that the public debate on the following issues is based on well established
evidence?'
1634
23348
37
23
29
76
29
5437
0%
10%20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Economic Growth
(GDP)
Knowledge
Economy (R&D)
Labour Market
(Employment)
Social Conditions
(Poverty)
Yes
Undecided
No
Source: Ifo World Economic Survey (WES), I/2007
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 28
Evidence based policy (2)
The role of teachers is crucial Teachers need to identify with research for it
to be useful In Finland, teachers are both researchers and
users of research
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 29
Quality of teacher training (1)
Teachers are an aging group Widespread shortages Lack of new competences
In-service training is limited Less than half MS require even 3 days per year
in-service training Only half EU MS offer early support Limited incentives for in-service training
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 30
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65+
Age group
Pe
rce
nta
ge
of
Pro
fes
sio
na
ls
All Professionals
TeachingProfessionals
Age structure of all professionals and teachers (2005)
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 31
Quality of teacher training (2)
Ensure that teachers possess appropriate Knowledge Attitudes Pedagogical skills
Support professionalisation of teachers Ensure sufficient resources for initial and
continuing teacher development Promote the status and recognition of the
profession
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 32
ISCED 3
Compulsory
Optional, but necessary for promotion
Optional
Source: Eurydice.
Status of in-service training for teachers in primary, general lower and upper secondary education, 2002/03
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 33
Adult learning
An essential part of Lifelong learning 5 key messages
Lift the barriers all age groups & levels of attainment bottom quartile
Ensure quality teaching methods, staff, providers, delivery
Recognition & validation of learning outcomes EQF, ECVET, quality assurance
Invest in aging population & migrants Develop indicators & benchmarks
May 2007 Lifelong Learning in the European Union 34
Conclusion
Objectives Improve quality & effectiveness Facilitate access Open up systems to the world
EU has accepted that there is an issue Building blocks are being put in place There is a rich base of experience The end is not in sight
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