music flash cards
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8/6/2019 Music Flash Cards
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H a n d e l A n d t h e G l o r y o f t h e L o r d
H a n d e l A n d t h e G l o r y o f t h e L o r d
H a n d e l A n d t h e G l o r y o f t h e L o r d
H a n d e l A n d t h e G l o r y o f t h e L o r d
H a n d e l A n d t h e G l o r y o f t h e L o r d
H a n d e l A n d t h e G l o r y o f t h e L o r d
Me l o d y :Fo ur me l o d ic id e a s
RepetitiveUse of sequences
Moves between parts (voice parts,instruments)
Tonali :Major keys throughout
Amajor- atstart and at endD ominant (E)
D ominant of dominant (B)
Harmony:Diatonic
Root and 1 st inversionsFast rate of change
Perfect, imperfect and plagalcadences
Rhythm, metre & tempo:3/4
HemiolaLonger notes in idea 4
Dynamics:Sparse dynamics (P and F)
No graduations (e.g. No crescendo)
Instruments& Voices:Most instruments play thesame as
voicesStrings double voices
Instruments in octaves
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H a n d e l A n d t h e G l o r y o f t h e L o r d
T e xt ur e : H o mo ph o n ic a n d po l y ph o n ic
ImitationLots of ideas combine
D oubling of voices
H a n d e l A n d t h e G l o r y o f t h e L o r d
St r uct ur e :Ch o r us
Ideas overlap3 beat rest, IV- I cadence (plagal)
M o z a r t y h o n y N o . 0 n G
M i n o r
M o z a r t y h o n y N o . 0 i n G
M i n o r
M o z a r t y h o n y N o . 0 i n G
M i n o r
M o z a r t y h o n y N o . 0 i n G
M i n o r
Mel od y :o r 8 ba r h r a ses
Mostly in stringsUse of Sequence
Tonality:¡ minor
Relative major (Bb)Some chromaticism
Circle of fifths
Harmony:O ften quavers
Use of pedal notes
Diatonic
Rhythm, metre & tempo:Molto allegro
Crochets and quaversSteady Tempo
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M o z a r t y h o n y N o . 0 i n G
M i n o r
M o z a r t y h o n y N o . 0 i n G
M i n o r
M o z a r t y h o n y N o . 0 i n G
M i n o r
M o z a r t y h o n y N o . 0 i n G
M i n o r
Dy n aics:1st subject quiet
2nd subject crescendos
Mostly loud ofsoftNo diminuendos
Instruments& Voices:No trumpets or timpani
Horns- pedals, harmoniesWind play link phrases
Bassoons often double basses
Texture:Mostly homophonic
Imitation in developmentO ctave doubling of parts
D ialogue, strings- wind
Structure:Sonata form
No introduction
C h o i n R a i n d r o P r e l d e
C h o i n R a i n d r o P r e l d e
Me l o dy:Right hand=cantabile melody
O rnamentsRepetition
Melodymoves right hand left hand
Tonality:Db major/ C#
D ominant pedalModulates to dominant and relative
minor
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C h o i n R a i n d r o P r e l d e
C h o i n R a i n d r o P r e l d e
C h o i n R a i n d r o P r e l d e
C h o i n R a i n d r o P r e l d e
C h o i n R a i n d r o P r e l d e
C h o i n R a i n d r o P r e l d e
H a r mo ny:D ominant pedal
Some extended chords
Diaton
ic
Rhythm, metre & tempo:Syncopated / dotted notes
RubatoSimple note values in the left hand
Dynamics:G raduations of dynamics
Careful and precise
Instruments& Voices:Middle range of piano (A)
Bass register (B)Not virtuosic
Use of pedals on piano
Texture:Homophonic
2 monophonic bars at codaMiddle section thicker Up to 6 notes together
Structure:Ternary form
CodaB moves to tonic minor
A & B have section note
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S c h o e n e r P e r i p e t i e
S c h o e n e r P e r i p e t i e
S c h o e n e r P e r i p e t i e
S c h o e n e r P e r i p e t i e
S c h o e n e r P e r i p e t i e
S c h o e n e r P e r i p e t i e
Mel ody:A n¢ ula r /d isso na n tl ea ps
G entle, lyrical linesFragmented
Principle voice
Tonality:Atonal
Built on hexachords
Harmony:Dissonant/ chromatic
Uses hexachords
Rhythm, metre & tempo:A starts ¶sehr rasch·
Sextuplet / triplet rhythmsFast to calm ideas
Rubato- slowing down
Dynamics:Loud to very loud (fff)
Changes quickly/ oftenCreates stark contrasts
Instruments& Voices:Klangfarbenmelodie
Large orchestraConstant shifting of instruments
Use of mutes
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S c h o e n e r P e r i p e t i e
S c h o e n e r P e r i p e t i e
T e xt ur e :Starts with ful l orchestra
ConstantlychangingComplex
Full and extreme ranges
Structure:Free rondo5 sections
Stee Reic h E lectric Co unter point
Stee Reic h E lectric Co unter point
Stee Reic h E lectric Co unter point
Stee Reic h E lectric Co unter point
Me lody: Res u ltant melodies
Additive melody
Tonality:£ minor
AmbiguousChanges to C minor
Modal (Aeolian)
Harmony:Based on ostinati / loops
DiatonicComplex chords
Rhythm, metre & tempo:3/2² clear triple metre
Rhythmic counterpoint12/8in some of section B
Quavers
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S t e v e R e i c h E l e c t r i c C o u n t e r p o i n t
S t e v e R e i c h E l e c t r i c C o u n t e r p o i n t
S t e v e R e i c h E l e c t r i c C o u n t e r p o i n t
S t e v e R e i c h E l e c t r i c C o u n t e r p o i n t
B e r n t e i n S o e t h i n · C o i n
Dy namic s:D etailed
G raduations
Instruments& Voices:Live guitar
7 recorded guitars2 basses
Chords and melody
Texture:Built gradually
P olyphonic, complex4 part canon at end
Rhythmic counterpoint
Structure:A 1,2,3,4B 1,2,3,4
Coda
Tonality:D major
2 sections in C major Right hand and left hand different
keys
S t e v e R e i c h E l e c t r i c C o u n t e r p o i n t
Use ofT ec h n o l o gy: R ec o rd ed guitar parts
P anned left and right
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B e r n s t e i n S o m e t h i n · s C o m i n B e r n s t e i n S o m e t h i n · s C o m i n
B e r n s t e i n S o m e t h i n · s C o m i n
B e r n s t e i n S o m e t h i n · s C o m i n B e r n s t e i n S o m e t h i n · s C o m i n
Ha r m o ny:Use of blue notesExtended chords
Bass riffs
Jazz-inspired
Rhythm, metre & tempo:Fast 2/4and 3/4
SyncopationP
ush rhythms
Dynamics:D ynamics formood
G raduationsSudden changes
Instruments& Voices:Tenorvoice and band
Pizz strings, muted brass
Texture:Melody and accompaniment
Riffs in left hand throughout
B e r n s t e i n S o m e t h i n · s C o m i n
Mel ody:Vocal
Use of tri-tonesMostly syllabic
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B e r n s t e i n S o m e t h i n · s C o m i n
S t r uct ur e :Intro, A, B, B1, A1, outro
M i l e s a v i s A l l B l u e s
M i l e s a v i s A l l B l u e s
M i l e s a v i s A l l B l u e s
M i l e s a v i s A l l B l u e s
M i l e s a v i s A l l B l u e s
M e lody:Played by frontline
�Improvised solos
�Use of riffs
Harmony:�Based on 12 bar form
�Altered chords
�Use of blue notes
Texture:�Changes with solos
�Rhythm section starts
Saxes then trumpet enters
Tonality:G modal
Dynamics:�Lots of < and >
�Lots of F and some P
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M i l e s a v i s A l l B l u e s
M i l e s a v i s A l l B l u e s
M i l e s a v i s A l l B l u e s
In strument s &Vo ices :�Trumpet, Alto sax, Tenor sax, drum,
�Improvisation / solos
�Frontline melody
�Muted trumpet, drum brushes
Structu r e :Head arrangement
�Variations on the 12 bar
�Intro and coda
�Four bar riffs
Rhythm,M etr e andT e mpo:
�6 / 4
Swung
�Jazz Waltz
J e f f B uc k l ey Gr ac e
J e f f B uc k l ey Gr ac e
J e f f B uc k l ey Gr ac e
M e lody:O ccasional grace notes
�Most phrases fall in pitch
O ften melodic slides
Ton a lity:�E minor
�Intro F minor then D major
�Ambiguous
D rop D tuning
H armony:Some root position triads
�Chromatic progressions
�Extended chords
�Chords and arpeggios
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J e f f B u c k l e y G r a c e
J e f f B u c k l e y G r a c e
J e f f B u c k l e y G r a c e
J e f f B u c k l e y G r a c e
J e f f B u c k l e y G r a c e
J e f f B u c k l e y G r a c e
T e xtu r e :�Changes
�Becomes very full at end
St r uc tu r e :�Intro, verse, chorus, verse
Useo ft ec hno logy :Synthesiser
O ver-dubbed
D elay and EQ
Dyn a mic s:�None given
�Changes with texture
Inst r uments&Voic e s:�Voice, mainly syllabic
G uitars, bass, drums, strings
Rh ythm, Met r e andT e mpo:
�Compound quadruple
Semiquavers in guitar pace
Syncopation
Steady tempo
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M o y
W h y d o e s m y H e a r t e e l s o B a d ?
M o y
W h y d o e s m y H e a r t e e l s o B a d ?
M o y
W h y d o e s m y H e a r t e e l s o B a d ?
M o y W h y d o e s m y H e a r t e e l
s o B a d ?
M o y W h y d o e s m y H e a r t e e l
s o B a d ?
M o y W h y d o e s m y H e a r t e e l
s o B a d ?
M e l o d y :Sampled vocals
�2 main melodies
T on a l it y :D iatonic
�A minor ( D orian mode)
�No clear modulation
H a r m on y :�Root position triads
�Limited chords used
�Chord progression: 8 bar
Some sustained chords
Dyn a mics :�No dynamics indicated
�Changes with texture
In s t r u m en ts &V o ices :�All synthesised / sample
D rum machine
�Vocal sample ¶messy·
R h y t h m,M e t r e an dT e mpo :
�Quadruple 4 / 4
�Not clear at the start
Syncopated melody
�98 bpm
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M o y W h y d o e s m y H e a r t e e l
s o B a d ?
M o y W h y d o e s m y H e a r t e e l
s o B a d ?
M o y W h y d o e s m y H e a r t e e l
s o B a d ?
T e xt ur e :�Builds gradually intro- vI
�Thins for 2 nd chorus
�Final verse very thin
St r uct ur e :�Intro, verse, chorus, verse, chorus,
verse
Us e of t e chn o l o gy :Synthesiser
Samples / uses sampler
D elay, EQ and delay
C a p e rc a i l l i eS k y e W au l k ingS ong
C a p e rc a i l l i eS k y e W au l k ingS ong
C a p e rc a i l l i eS k y e W au l k ingS ong
M e l o d y :O ftenimprovised
VocalInstruments play countermelody
Tonality:E minorpentatonic
¤ major pentatonic
Harmony:Strummed chords
4 ChordsInfrequent changes
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C a p e r c a i l l i e S k y e W a u l k i n S o n C a p e r c a i l l i e S k y e W a u l k i n S o n
C a p e r c a i l l i e S k y e W a u l k i n S o n
C a p e r c a i l l i e S k y e W a u l k i n S o n C a p e r c a i l l i e S k y e W a u l k i n S o n
C a p e r c a i l l i e S k y e W a u l k i n S o n
Rh ythm, met r e&t e m p o :Ambiguous 6 / 8 or 12 / 8Becomes clearly 12 / 8
Dynamics:Changes with textureLong fade out at end
Instruments& Voices:Modern and folk
Accordion, piano, synthFlute, whistle, pipes
G uitar, fiddle, bouzouki, drum
Texture:Heterophonic
Complex counterpoint
Structure:8verses
Intro, outro andbreak s
Use of Technology:Use of synthesisers¥
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K o k o Y i r i
K o k o Y i r i
K o k o Y i r i
K o k o Y i r i
K o k o Y i r i
K o k o Y i r i
Mel ody:O ften impr ov ised
Vocals and balafonsRepetition / ostinati
Tonality:¦ b major
Harmony:O ctavesand fifths
O ften unison
Rhythm, metre & tempo:Syncopation
Cross and polyrhythmsConstant tempo
Dynamics:Largely unvaried
Instruments& Voices:Voices
BalafonsD onno, dundun, djembe
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K o k o Y i r i
K o k o Y i r i
R a e s h 1 . A n o u
s h k a S h a n k a r
. C h i r a n j i L a l T a n w a r . B e n j y W e r t m e i n e r
S t e v e G o r n
R a e s h 1 . A n o u s h k a S h a n k a r . C h i r a n j i L a l T a n w a r . B e n j y W e r t m e i n e r
S t e v e G o r n
R a e s h 1 . A n o u s h k a S h a n k a r . C h i r a n j i L a l T a n w a r . B e n j y W e r t m e i n e r
S t e v e G o r n
R a e s h 1 . A n o u s h k a S h a n k a r . C h i r a n j i L a l T a n w a r . B e n j y W e r t m e i n e r
S t e v e G o r n
T e xt u r e :MonophonicPolyphonic
Heterophonic
Structure:Call and response
Melody:Mostly improvised
1-sitar2-voice
3-bansuri
Tonality:Based on notes of rag
Not major / minor
Harmony:Use of drone notes
No harmony or chords
Rhythm, metre & tempo:1- Jhaptal (10beats)2- Keherwa (8beats)3- Rupak Tal (7beats)
Tempo changes- structure
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R a e s h 1 . A n o u
s h k a S h a n k a r
. C h i r a n j i L a l T a n w a r . B e n j y W e r t m e i n e r
S t e v e G o r n
R a e s h 1 . A n o u
s h k a S h a n k a r
. C h i r a n j i L a l T a n w a r . B e n j y W e r t m e i n e r
S t e v e G o r n
R a e s h 1 . A n o u
s h k a S h a n k a r
. C h i r a n j i L a l T a n w a r . B e n j y W e r t m e i n e r
S t e v e G o r n
R a e s h 1 . A n o u s h k a S h a n k a r . C h i r a n j i L a l T a n w a r . B e n j y W e r t m e i n e r
S t e v e G o r n
y n a mics :Changes with texture
Instruments& Voices:O ften 2 instruments
Solos / improvisations
Texture:Monophonic
Then melody with drone
Structure:Alap,jhor, jhalla, gat
Uses pre-composed ideas
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