nanotechnologies in medicine diagnostic, imaging &...

NANOTECHNOLOGIES IN

MEDICINE

DIAGNOSTIC, IMAGING &

THERAPY

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IS IT A DREAM…

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… OR A REALITY?

« … Human health has always been

determined on the nanometer scale; this is

where the structure and properties of the

machines of life work in every one of the

cells in every living thing. The practical

impact of nanosciences on human health

will be huge ».

RICHARD E. SMALLEY, PHD, 1996 NOBEL LAUREATE

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• A nanometre is a unit of length in

the metric system, equal to one

billionth of a meter (i.e., 10-9 m or

one millionth of a millimetre)

A nanometre is approx 1/100 000th

of a human hair

DEFINITION

5

Source: Wikipedia

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THE IDEAL SCALE

FOR HEALTHCARE

6Protein Nanocarrier Red blood cell

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• There is no nanomedicine;

There is nano in medicine

• Nanotech is an enabling technology

with many medical application areas in

oncology

Diagnostic,

Therapy,

Monitoring,

WHAT IS NANOMEDICINE?

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FROM NANO TO MICRO

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• A high ratio of surface area to volume

• Tunable optical, electronic, magnetic,

and biologic properties

• Can be engineered to have

different sizes, shapes, chemical

compositions, surface chemical

characteristics, and hollow or solid

structures.

NANOMATERIALS HAVE…

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=

3 mL

190 m²

SURFACE/VOLUME RATIO

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Regenerative

Medicine

Biomaterials

Functionalisa

tion

Regenerative

Medicine

Biomaterials

Functionalisa

tion

MEDICAL APPLICATIONS

Diagnostics

In vitro

Diagnostics

In vitro

Medical

Imaging

In vivo

Medical

Imaging

In vivo

Drug

Delivery

Systems

Devices

Drug

Delivery

Systems

Devices

VaccinesVaccines

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• Lab-on-chip

• DNA chip

• Cell-on-chip

• Less invasive

• Using less sample

• Faster reactions

IN VITRO DIAGNOSTICS

DNA chip array

PCR on chipMicrofluidic chip

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• On line monitoring of circulating moleculesat low concentration

• Bio friendly, biocompatible instruments

• Biological barriers crossing capacity

• Image guided therapy

DEVICES FOR DIAGNOSTICS

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• Clinical need

Early detection of cancer before visible onset

Use of targeted contrast agents Multi-modality imaging agents Need for (specific and validated)

biomarkers

• Input from nanotech

Improving the existing and/or discovering new quantitative imaging systems

Developing new contrast agents for enhancing contrast Developing targeted nanocarriers

IMAGING

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MULTIMODAL IMAGING

Fluorescence

MRIOptoacoustic

Ultra Sound PET

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• Reducing dose

• Multi-modality contrast agents

• New carriers magnetic nanoparticles, empty viruses

or magnetic bacteria

• New types of NP: crystalline NP For therapy or diagnostic Externally triggered by MRI, Laser,

Radiotherapy, CT Scan, Ultrasound, HF, etc.

TRENDS IN (NANO) CONTRAST AGENTS

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• Surgery

Image guided surgery

• Radio therapy

Radio-enhancers Targeted radiotherapy

• Chemotherapy

Targeted delivery

• Gene therapy

Targeted delivery

THERAPIES

Courtesy: Fluoptics

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MODE OF ACTION

Source: Wikipedia

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DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS

Liposome

Nanosphere

Lipidots® Micelles

Accurins®

Dendrimer Fullerene PLGA

Nanocrystal

| 20Nom événement | Nom Prénom

PASSIVE TARGETING

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• Targeting ligands that bind particular

cellular receptors

Antibodies

Aptamers

Peptides

Oligosaccharides

…

• Active targeting can induce the cell

absorption

• Active targeting can be combined with

passive targeting to prevent off-target

Nom événement | Nom Prénom

ACTIVE TARGETING

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• Thermotherapy

Nanoshells• absorb light of different frequencies,

• generating heat (hyperthermia)

Magnetic nanoparticles • visible through Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

• can also destroy cells by hyperthermia

• Radiotherapy

Radiosensitisers

Radioenhancers

• Photo Dynamic Therapy

Photosensitiers

DESTRUCTION FROM WITHIN

Auroshell particle

NBTXR3

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• Wearable

SENSORS

Cochlear implant

Artificial retina

Sm

art

Aid

© B

att

elle

Mem

oria

l In

stitu

te 2

009

• Implants

Stent

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• Biomaterials

Bioactive signaling molecules

REGENERATIVE MEDICINE

biodegradable scaffolds

• (Stem) cells

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APPROVED NANOTHERAPEUTICS (SOURCE: US-FDA)

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NANOMEDICINAL PRODUCTS

18 Oct 2016

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CLINICAL TRIALS WITH NANOMEDICAL

DEVICES (TOTAL 115)

18 Oct 2016

Dentistry 34Oncology 24IVDs 20Wound Care 13Cardiology 6Orthopaedics 5

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EU PATENT APPLICATIONS NANOMEDICAL

DEVICES (TOTAL 150)

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• Estimated 50.1 - 68 Billions (2011)

• Forecasted to 97-129 Billions in 2016 (2012)

• Annual growth rate : +14% from 2011 to 2016

• 38 nanotherapeutics and 46 nano-medical devices have a market

authorization

NANOMED MARKET FIGURES

(WORLD, US$)

31

Bionest Partners 2013

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• Excellent scientists and

entrepreneurs

1500+ academic partners

500+ SMEs

• EC support for research

530 M€ invested under FP7

>130 research projects

EUROPE IS GOOD IN NANOMEDICINE

32

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WHAT IS WRONG IN TRANSLATION?

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GATES IN THE TRANSLATION PROCESS

Proof of concept

Characterisation

Scale up

Clinical trials

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THE NANOMEDICINE TRANSLATION HUB

EUNCL

Pilot lines

TABIndustryInventors

Startups

SMEs

Academics

| 36Nom événement | Nom Prénom

NANOMEDICINE CHARACTERISATION LAB

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EUROPEAN NANOMEDICINE

CHARACTERIZATION LABORATORY

| 38NextGen Nanomed

PARTNERS

WHO WE ARE

(CORE

PARTNERS)

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ASSAYS CASCADE

WHAT DOES

EU-NCL

OFFER?

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DIAGNOSTIC AND PREVENTIVE TREATMENTSymptoms

time

Clinical Symptoms

Treatment Follow-upDiagnosisScreening

Current,

Symptomatic Medicine

Preventive Medicine

Early

Diagnosis

Preventive

Treatment

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• Nanomedicine is part of medical technologies

• Nanomedicine is an emerging market

• The non technical aspects are as important as the technology itself

Ethical Social acceptance Regulation Standards

CONCLUSIONS

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NANOMEDICINE CLUSTER

Anne-Claude COUFFIN

Isabelle TEXIER

Antoine HOANG

Emilie HEINRICH

Marie ESCUDE

Fabrice NAVARRO

Frédérique MITTLER

Allan HIBBITS

Aurélie JACQUART

Ismail CHEIBANI

Juliette MÉRIAN

Jonathan

Thank you for your attention