nerves of the upper limbs
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Nerves of the upper limbs
Dr. M Koruji, PhD, Anatomical Sciences Department, TUMS
Brachial plexus
Roots Anterior rami of C5
to C8, and most of T1 Gray rami
communicantes from the sympathetic trunk: postganglionic
sympathetic fibers
Trunks The superior trunk :
C5 and C6 roots; The middle trunk :
C7 root; The inferior trunk
C8 and T1 roots.
Divisions & Cords Divisions
Anterior and a posterior division
The three anterior divisions : anterior compartments of the arm and forearm;
The three posterior divisions: the posterior compartments.
Cords Lateral cord Medial cord Posterior cord
Dorsal scapular Originates from the
C5 root Pierce the middle
scalene muscle Innervates the
rhomboid major and minor muscles
Long thoracic Originates from C5 to
C7; Down the axilla to
supply the serratus anterior muscle
Lies on the superficial aspect of muscle
Suprascapular nerve
Nerve to subclavius muscle
Cords Lateral cord(C5-C7)
Lateral pectoral, Musculocutaneous nerve, Lateral root of median
Medial cord(C8-T1) Medial pectoral, Medial cutaneous of forearm, Medial cutaneous of arm, Medial root of Median nerve Ulnar nerve
Posterior cord(C5-T1) Upper subscapular, Thoracodorsal, Lower subscapular Axillary nerve Radial nerve
Muscolocutaneous nerve Motor innervation to
all muscles in the anterior compartment of the arm; and
Sensory innervation to skin on the lateral surface of the forearm.
Muscolocutaneous nerve
Median nerve
Median nerve
Vasomotor to brachial artery
Medial cord1. The medial pectoral nerve
major muscle.
2. The medial cutaneous nerve of arm (medial brachial cutaneous nerve)
3. The medial cutaneous nerve of forearm (medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve)
4. The medial root of median nerve
5. The ulnar nerve
Ulnar nerve
Posterior cord 1. The superior
subscapular nerve; 2. The thoracodorsal
nerve; 3. The inferior
subscapular nerve;, 4. The axillary nerve; 5. The radial nerve
Axillary nerve Deltoid Teres minor Upper lateral
cutaneous nerve of the arm
Axillary nerve
Radial nerve All muscles in the
posterior compartments of the arm and forearm;
The skin on the posterior aspect of the arm and forearm, the lower lateral surface of the arm,
The dorsal lateral surface of the hand.
Radial nerve
Radial nerve In Axilla
Med head, post cut arm, long head
Radial nerve In Arm
Lat. head Med. head Lower lat. Cut. arm Post. Cut. forearm
Radial nerve injury in the arm Wrist drop (due to
denervation of the extensor muscles)
sensory changes over the dorsum of the hand
Wrist drop
1- Hard TissueThe upper limb skeleton (32)
2-Soft tissueMusclesVesselsNerves
1- Shoulder Girdle2- Arm (Brachium)3- Forearm (Anti brachium)4- Hand
Upper limb
Nerves of forearm1.Musculocutaneous nerve (lat.Cutaneous nerve
of forearm)2.Median nerve3.Radial nerve4.Ulnar nerve
Muscolocutaneous nerve
Median nerve
Nerves of the Anterior Forearm
Median nerve
musclucutaneous
Anterior interosseous nerve
Ape hand
Ulnar nerve
Ulnar nerve Muscular branches Two small cutaneous
branches Palmar branch
supply skin on the medial side of the palm;
The larger dorsal branch Posterior surfaces of
the medial one and one-half digits.
1
Ulnar nerve
Ulnar nerve injury Clawed-hand
Metacarpophalangeal joints are hyperextended and the interphalangeal joints are flexed
Damage to the ulnar nerve at the wrist : dorsal branch
Radial nerve
Superficial terminal branch
Deep terminal branch(post. interosseous
Radial nerveBrachialis-Joint
AxiAxiRT2
Cutaneous nerves of forearm and hand
Nerves of the Hand
Cutaneous Nerves and Superficial Veins of the Hand, Posterior View
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