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REPAIR MANUALFOR
THEODOLITE & TOTAL STATION
OF
SOUTH
July, 2007
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CONTENTS
1. ANGLE MEASUREMENT2
1.1 Adjustments of Analogs (Photo-electric convertor) . .2
1.2 Test Points on 300 Series Main Board ..5
1.3 Adjustment of Zero-point Voltage .6
1.4 Adjustment of CCD Sensor .. .8
2. EDM (infrared)...12
2.1 Entering the Test Mode ..12
2.2 Adjustment of High Voltage....................................................................13
2.3 Circuit Boards of the EDM..15
2 . 3 . 1 E m i t t i n g B o a r d 1 5
2.3.2 Intermediate Frequency Board. .16
2.3.3 Optical Coupler .18
2.4 Beams Alignment 19
2.5 Slip Ring.21
3. EDM (laser)...22
3.1 Entering the Test Mode ..22
3.2 Circuit Board of the EDM ..22
3.3 Firmware Update..24
3.4 Optical Coupler .24
3.5 Beams Alignment 25
3.6 Slip Ring.27
4. CALIBRATIONS..................................................................................................29
4.1 Plate Vial ..294.2 Circular Vial ..29
4.3 Plumb Line . .30
4.4 2C. . 30
4.5 High-low Difference ..31
4.6 Adjustment of Compensators.. 32
4. 7 I Angle.35
4 . 8 C o a r s e C o l l i m a t o r . . 3 6
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4.9 Optical Plummet .37
4.10 Instrument Constant.38
4.11 Size o f La ser Point o f ET. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .38
5. AXIS BLOCKING40
5.1 Vertical Axis Blocking..40
5.2 Horizontal Axis Blocking.40
6. SOFTWARE DOWNLOADING41
7. COMMON PROBLEMS.....42
7.1 Common Problems in Angle Measure...42
7.2 Common Problems in Peripheral Equipment .43
7.3 Common Problems in EDM...44
7.4 Common Problems in Axis.50
8. TOOLS & CHEMICALS .... .51
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1. ANGLE MEASUREMENT
1.1 Analogs for ET and 300 Series (infrared, Photo-electric Convertor)
1. Connect probe CH1 of oscilloscope to CP1, CH2 to CP2. And place the pliers ofprobes to GND of CSY-S. Make sure that the buttons on the probes should be placed
to 10.
2. Preparation: press CH1
MENU, and shift the "Coupling"
item to "ground", then turn the
"POSITION" button above "CH1
MENU" to make the "1" on
the left of the screen to the
bottom line until it changes to"1". Then we change the
"Coupling" item back to "DC".
Do as the same way with CH2.
3. Connect the CSY-2 and analog
with the white connecting cable
which is attached to the CSY-2
machine.
3. Set on the oscilloscope: Turn the button VOLTS/DIV below the CH1 MENU
to make CH1 under the bottom line of screen to be 500mV; Turn the button
VOLTS/DIV below the CH2 MENU to make CH2 under the bottom line of
screen to be 500mV.
5. Press DISPLAY, shift Format to X~Y, rotating the rasters, we can see the
circle. Adjust the adjusting screws on analog circuit board W2 and W3 with a screw
driver:
W2: for adjusting the roundness of the figure
W3: for adjusting the diameter of the figure
Roundness: as round as possible
Diameter of the figure: 2.5~3 grids (1.3V~2.0V).
W1 W2 W3 W4
P.S. on the oscilloscope, when CH1=500mV, CH2=500mV,
1 grid = 0.5V; 1 division =0.1V; 1 gird = 5 divisions
Figure 1.11
Figure 1.12
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6. Shift the Format to YT, press MEASURE button and we can see the tow sin
waves. Adjust screw W2 to make the Peak-Peak value of both CH1 and CH2 in the
range of 1.3~2.0V. Adjust W3 to make the two sin waves overlapped (the difference
between them should be less than 1 division).
7. Adjust the W1 and W3 to make the Mean value of CH1 and CH2 at about2.50.2V.
Adjustment of the duel paths of the signal: The Lisharing figure is actually combined
by the two sin waves of each signal. For each signal, the peak-to-peak value of each
sin-wave signal should be: 1.3V
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First loosen the small group of screws, and then adjust thebig group of screws on
the horizontal axis.
Loosened: decrease the signal value
Tightened: increase the signal value
The performance of the three groups of screws on the horizontal axis:
Big group: to adjust the tolerance between the two rasters
Medium group: to dismount the horizontal rasters
Small group: to fix the position of the two rasters
Figure 1.13
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1.2 Test Points on 300 Series Main Board (infrared)
Main board is core of electronic system which almost musters all electrical signals
and plug-in devices and so on.
Test points of the CH1CH2 signals of Horizontal analog
Test points of the CH1CH2 signals of Vertical analog
F
Zero-point voltage
D
E
Zero-point signal
C
(Note: we only test the 3rd
and 3th
test points of theodolite main board
TR1: to adjust the
upper analogs zero-
point voltage
TR2: to adjust the
lower analogs zero- Figure 1.21 300 Series without Laser
point voltage
Check the signals of both
analogs, if the waves are not
good: check analogs; if
analogs are good, replace the
main board, because main
board must be broken.
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1.3 Adjustment of Zero-point Voltage
(Only available for vertical analogs)
1. Press CH2 MENU to switch off the CH2 signal. Just use CH1 probe. Switch to
state of1, 500mV, 25.0mS
2. Firstly, on the CSY-2 machine, put theCH1 probe to Voset, and its plier to
GND. And connect the white connecting cable of CSY-2 to the analog. Rotating the
telescope of instrument on first position, we can see zero-point signal wave (see the
picture below).
Distance between the horizontal line and the peak
point L should be between 1 grid and 2 grids. If not,
adjust screw W3 on the analog properly.
Figure 1.31
3. Turn on the instrument. Put the probe at test point E(TP3 for theodolite) of main
board (see P3) and its plier to ground (the position of screw of cover), while rotating
the EDM, and we get the wave of zero-point signal; then put the probe at point F(TP3
for theodolite), we get the zero-point voltage line. So it is with point C and D only for
total station.
Wave of zero-point signal
Figure 1.32
Zero-point signal Zero-point voltage line
Zero-point voltage line
2 divisions for theodolite
3 divisions for total station
L
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4. Adjust the screw between TP1 and TP2 for theodolite or the TR1 and TR2 for total
station (see P3) to make the zero-point voltage line in the position as described above.
(For theodolite, 2 divisions above peak line; for total station, 3 divisions above peak
line).
5.Press MEASURE on oscilloscope, and check the test points on main board (seepicture on P5) just to see the Peak-Peak values and Mean values of each channel
of the four analogs (2 for Horizontal analog, 2 for Vertical analog), are all up to the
requirement. If not, readjust the analogs.
Note: If the zero-voltage line is too high, E08 will appear; if the zero-voltage line is
too low, OSET will fail, OSET will appear on the screen, or even it will sometimes
cause incorrect reading.
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1.4 Adjustment of CCD Sensor
ET and 300 Series with laser and 600 Series Total Station use angle measurement
system of absolute encoder and CCD sensor, which is different from 300 Series
without laser and theodolite that use raster. With absolute encoding circle, the
instrument can be turned on without initialization, measuring results are more
accurate.
Working principle: obtaining the code information from specific position on the
circle of photoelectric detector. Multiplexer will conclude if horizontal disk or
vertical disk is working, then all information will be transmitted to microprocessor
CPU to calculate. CPU will emit instructions to guide the operation, and then transmit
the result to display.
Figure 1.41 Absolute Encoder Circle Figure 1.42 Bar Code
Inspection Steps and Criterion:
1. On the oscilloscope, use CH1or CH2, shift to stateY T, 1.00V, 25S;
2. Turn on the total station or ET;
3. Place the pliers of probe to ground (the position of screw of cover), put the probe at
the test points C and D (for vertical disk), or A and B (for horizontal disk);
3. Cover main board with a black cloth to prevent light from disturbing the signal.
5. Rotate telescope gently at the meantime.
6. Check the arch wave on the oscilloscope. The standard of the arch wave should be:
a. the arches should be symmetrical;
b. the peaks of the wave should be more or less on the same horizontal line.
c. Shift to state YT, 1.00V, 500S, there is a big half of ellipse on the screen.
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1V
2.8~3.2V
Peaks
Arch Symmetry0
Figure 1.43
Figure 1.44 300 Series with laser
Upper CCD,
Vert. D,the 2nd
leg
Lower CCD,
Vert. C, the 2nd
leg
CCD with short
wires, Hr. B, the
2nd
leg
CCD with long
wires, Hr. A, the
2nd
leg
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D upper CCD, Vert.
the 3rd
leg
.
C lower CCD, Vert.
the 3rd
leg to the last
B CCD with short wires, Hr.
the 3rd leg
A CCD with long wires, Hr.
the 3rd
leg
Figure 1.45 600 Series Main Board
Figure 1.46 ET with Laser
Upper CCD,
Vert. D,the 3rd
leg
Lower CCD,
Vert. C, the 3rd
leg
CCD with short
wires, Hr. B, the
3rd
leg
CCD with long
wires, Hr. A, the
3rd
leg
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Adjusting Steps:
1. Adapt the CCD sensor to a proper
position until the arch wave is up to
standard;
2. If the arch wave is not good enough,
adjust the four fixing screws or the two
fixing screws on diode, to move the
diode to the center of the bracket.
3. Clean the glass surface of the CCD
and encoder disk with chemical solution
(alcohol: ether=3:7). Do it carefully
without any scratching.
3. Rotate disk and check the signal to
insure that the waves from all part of the
disk should be in good condition.
5. Finally, restore those screws and add
some varnish to fix them.
Adjustments of both the horizontal CCD sensor and vertical CCD sensor are the same,
except for the different locations of test points: A and B for horizontal, C and D for
vertical.
Figure 1.47 Adjust the position
Fixing Screw
Clean the glass surfaces
of encoder circle
and CCD sensor.
Figure 1.48
Figure 1.49
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2. EDM (Electronic Distance Measure, infrared)
2.1 Entering the Test Mode
Procedures:
1. Enter the test mode: for 300 Series, POWER++F1 (5 times)+F3 (5 times); for600 Series, PowerParaSystemState.
Figure 2.11
2. By the implication on the screen, choose State 3, and go to Inside Path.3. In such state, the signal value(SIG) should be in accordance with the following
criterion:
TAPE 0/1, SIG 2.5V, when rotating EDM, SIG value in the test mode should
be within 2.22.7V, otherwise, re-adjust the high voltage.
TAPE 3, SIG=1.62.5V.
Adjustment:
Inside path, no signal value:
Check emitting board, receiving board, and intermediate frequency board.
Inside path, signals exist, but:
Tape 0, 1, 3, lower than required, problem with intermediate frequency board;
Tape 0, 1, signals is good, but signal of Tape 3 not good, check the receiving board.
If signals of both inside and outside path are right, but hi-voltage is not adjustable, it
is problem with fibers.
After entering test mode, the path changes automatically between inside and outside.
Check the slip ring.
If there is big change in SIG under inside or outside path, the problem is with slip ring
or light reducing sheet.
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2.2 Adjustment of High Voltage
On the back cover of every instrument, there is a tag on which the recommended
voltage is written. And the actual working voltage attained with multimeter should be
1015V less than the recommended voltage.
For example, the recommended voltage on the
cover is 175V, then working voltage should be
within the range of 160~165V
There are two methods of adjusting the high
voltage.
Method 1: Adjusting high voltage through
high voltage holding screw. This method is for
fine adjustment of hi-voltage.
1) Loosen the fixing screw of the holdingscrew.
2) Use a screw driver, and adjust the holdingscrew to make the high voltage be up to
the standard range.
(According to experience, when the SIG
value increases by 0.1V, the high voltage
would decrease 1V, vice versa.)
3) Power off to save the newly-adjustedvoltage data.
4) Turn on the instrument, and checkwhether the high voltage is in the range of
10~15V less than recommended voltage.
Otherwise, repeat the steps above.
5) Tighten the fixing screw.Figure 2.21
Method 2: Adjusting high voltage through replacing light-reducing sheet. This
method is for coarse adjustment of hi-voltage. Replace or add a light-reducing sheet
of suitable darkness on either side of the inside path bar with varnish.If the high voltage is higher than normal, replace for a lighter light-reducing sheet;
If the high voltage is lower than normal, replace for a darker light-reducing sheet.
Note:
When adjusting the holding screw, better not overturn it (no more than two rounds), or
else it will cause light leaking.
Two ways of diagnosing light leaking:
Check through the EDM lenses in Inside Path state of the test mode to see whether
there is a red light point. If so, light leaking exists.
Cover the EDM with a prism. Shake the prism and see whether the SIG value in
Test Point of Hi-voltage
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the Inside path of test mode changes or not. If it changes, light leaking exists.
Solution to light leaking:
Readjust the holding screw back to a proper position. If the high voltage is not within
correct range, try to replace light-reducing sheet, see Method 2.
If the high voltage still fail to adjust after using the above two methods, there is
probably something wrong with the intermediate frequency board. Replace for a new
one.
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2.3 Circuit Boards of the EDM
2.3.1 Emitting board
Check the testing points under the test mode.
the fourth legPower leg, Voltage 6.0Vit is connected with main board, slip ring,
and emitting board. If the voltage here is not around 6.0V, then we have to check
with multimeter to see whether it has problem with EDM main board or slip ring.
Voltage supplied to emitting tube 5V
if not around that value,
EDM main board is damaged.
Voltage of emitting tube: 3.3~3.5V,
if not in the range, emitting board or
emitting tube is damaged.
phase locking voltage =1~3V
if not in the range,
replace emitting board.
A B C D
A: connected to slip ring
B: power port from main board to frequency board Figure 2.31
C: power port of light path motor
D: power port of light reducing motor
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2.3.2 Intermediate Frequency Board
Checking the testing points must be under Test Mode Principle and power on.
Figure 2.32
CZ10: Input Voltage of receiving board 3.9V; this port is connected to receiving
board. If not, replace the receiving board.
CZ9: voltage of frame oscillation 1.6V (600 series) or 2.5V (300 series)Note: If the volt is not right, we have to unsolder the cable on back side of the board,
and test the volt again. If it is ok, the problem is with intermediate frequency board; if
still not, problem is with emitting board.
CZ3: high voltage test point (10~15V less than recommended value, see procedures
in Hi-voltage Adjustment P13).
CZ7:Hi-voltage controlling voltage=1~3V.
CZ5: bandpass amplification wave(see P18 ).
CZ6: shaping amplification wave.
CZ8: distance measuring signal wave.
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CH1 500mV
M 500us
2 to 3 grids
Figure 2.33 CZ5: bandpass amplification wave
CH1 2.00V
M 100us
3 grids
Figure 2.33 CZ6: shaping amplification wave
CH1 2.00V
M 100us
3 grids
Figure 2.35 CZ8: distance measuring signal wave
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2.3.3 Optical Coupler
Optical Coupler is in the EDM. Check the signal wave while rotating EDM, as shown
in the picture.
test point
fixing screws
Standard of wave: Figure 2.36
The widths of each wave column CH1 2.00V M 1.00uS
should be approximately the same
If not,
Loosen the two fixing screws;
Move the coupler board up or
down to a proper position, and make
the edge of the circle sheet go across
about 1/2 of the coupler foot. (See
the Figure below).
Check the signal wave. If the
wave is not desirable, repeat the Step
.
coupling signal wave
Figure 2.37
Figure 2.38 Figure 2.39
optical coupler
dimmer sheet
optical coupler
foot
1/2
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2.4Beams Alignment
(Coaxiality of emitting signal, receiving signal and reticle center of EDM)
You must do 2C before beams alignment. Three points: emitting signal point (red),
receiving signal point (the color depends on the outside light source you use) and the
center point of reticle.
Three points deviation may cause error distance in distance measurement. Sometimes
when you aim at the center of prism you can not get measuring result but it is ok when
you aim the brink of prism.
Figure2.41 Beams Alignment
Inspection Steps and Criterion:
1. Put the total station in front of a collimator and adjust it to infinity distance until you
can see the reticle of collimator clearly; (note: there are two positions of distance in
the collimator, the near distance point and the infinity distance point. The scale of the
infinity distance point is a bit smaller.)
2. Adjust an electronic theodolite to infinity distance, too;
3. Objective lens of the two instruments must be opposite, and we use the telescope of
the theodolite to observe the EDM. In order to make image clear, wed better put a
white paper as background;
3. Turn the total station on, enter distance measurement mode, and focus it until reticle
of total station and red point (under test mode) can be clearly viewed;
5. Observe whether the red point and center point of reticle of total station are
overlapped. If overlapped, they are good, otherwise it needs to be adjusted.
The checking procedures for receiving fiber is almost same with checking emitting
fiber, but you need to add an outside light source at the head of receiving fiber. See
the pictures below, remove screw A, take off the tube base, and add an outside light
source in the small hole.
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Figure2.42 Screw A
receiving fiber (short) emitting fiber (long)
3 1
3 2
Figure 2.44
Adjusting Steps:
A. Adjustment of Emitting Fiber
1) Make sure that the machine is in distance measurement mode.
2) Loosen the fixing screw 1 on emitting fiber (above figure), move the fiber higher or
lower, make the facula clearest, then fix the screw 1.
3) Loosen the fixing screws 2 on emitting fiber board, and then adjust the position of
the bracket of emitting tube to superpose the center of facula with the center of reticleof total stations. Finally fix the screw and add some varnish on them.
B. Adjustment of Receiving Fiber.
1) Add an outside light source on receiving fiber.
2) Loosen screw 3, move the fiber to find facula in view field, adjust the position of
fiber, make the facula be clearest, and then fix the screw.
3) Loosen screws 3, adjust the bracket of receiving tube, superpose the facula with the
center of reticle, finally fix the screws and add some varnish on them.
3) Remove outside light source, install the original receiving board.
Figure 2.43 add an outside light source
(diode) to the receiving tube.
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2.5 Slip Ring
Slip ring is the electric connection between EDM and main board of total station.
Faults of slip ring will mainly cause the failure of power supply to EDM or failure of
data communication.
electronic brush slip ring
GND
CLOCK
DATA
POWER
(on emitting board)
Figure 2.51
Figure 2.52 legs connected to slip ring
Inspection
Take off the battery box. Use OHM of multimeter to check if the four leads of slip
ring get short circuit or open circuit. If so, restore them or replace for a good slip ring.
Under Test Mode/State 3/Inside, rotate the EDM, if the value of SIG changes
between normal value and 0 at times, then it indicates there is some problem with the
slip ring.
(Power Leg)Volt.6.0V
Caution: Make sure that the legs are well connected
to the slip ring correspondingly, neither open circuit
nor short circuit.
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3. EDM (Electronic Distance Measure, laser)
Measure Distance Principle of Laser: No-prism Total Station with measure distance
of phase mode uses frequency of radio wave band, modulating laser beam range and
measuring phase delay generated by modulating light that goes and backs survey lineonce. Then according to the wave length of modulating light, convert the distance
which the phase delay represents. Such an instrument is applied in precise measure
distance, and its precision is millimeter level.
3.1 Entering the Test Mode
Procedures:
For 300 Series:
1. PowerESCF1 (4 times) F4 (4 times) F1F4;
2. By the implication on the screen, choose State 3, and go to inside path;
3. Key into recommended voltage;
4. Signal Value (in light path) which is irrelevant to tapes (tape 0, 1, 2, 3, 4) should be
between 1000mV and 1500mV.
Adjustment:
If signal value is not within that range, press the black sheet and adjust the screw
below.
Figure 3.11
3.2 Circuit Board of the EDM
Test points:
High voltage105 V Capacitance voltage15 V Capacitance voltage23.6 V Capacitance voltage3 is equal to battery voltageIf there is something wrong with EDM, you should check above three capacitances
voltage first. If one of capacitances voltages is not accord with normal value, wesuggest you change a new EDM mainboard.
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main oscillating frequency = 2 9. 9 6 72 4 22 kHz . If main oscillating frequencymeasured by frequency meter is not within the range, please adjust the screw .
Screw for adjusting main oscillating frequency Lock phase voltage1. 5 V
Figure 3.21 test points on EDM mainboard
6-pin socket: electric lines 1, 3 and 5 are plus which are connected to plus polarity of
light reducing motor, in-path motor, out-path motor respectively. Sign + is marked
on the plus polarity on motors. 1 and 2 are connected to light reducing motor, 2 and 3
are connected to in-path motor, 5 and 6 are connected to out-path motor;
4-pin socket: connect to slip ring;
3-pin socket: connect to optical coupler;
1-pin socket: connect to light resource of emitting unit.
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3.3 Firmware Update
For 300 Series
1. Connect total station to PC with data communication cable;
2. Press Power+F1 to prepare updating;
3. Clickprogram to start updating;
4. Beep three times means firmware update finishes;
5. According to implication on the screen, restart, and then power off.
3.4 Optical Coupler
Optical Coupler is under the motors. Check the signal wave while rotating EDM, as
shown in the picture.
test point
fixing screws
Figure 3.41
Standard of wave:
The widths of each wave column CH1 2.00V M 1.00uS
should be approximately the same
If not,
Loosen the two fixing screws;
Move the coupler board up ordown to a proper position, and make
the edge of the circle sheet go across
about 1/2 of the coupler foot. (See
the Figure below).
Check the signal wave. If the
wave is not desirable, repeat the Step
.
Figure 3.42
optical coupler
coupling signal wave
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Figure 3.43
3.5 Beams Alignment
(Coaxiality of emitting signal, receiving signal and reticle center of EDM)
You must do 2C before beams alignment. Three points: emitting signal point (red),
receiving signal point (the color depends on the outside light source you use) and the
center point of reticle.
Three points deviation may cause error distance in distance measurement. Sometimes
when you aim at the center of prism you can not get measuring result but it is ok when
you aim the brink of prism.
A. Adjustment of Emitting Light Source
1) Paste a piece of paper with a reticle on the wall which is 15m from total station.
2) Aim at the reticle of the paper, turn on the equipment to measure;
3) Loosen the fixing screw, adjust the up and down screw, left and down screw to
move the red point to overlap with the center of the reticle;
4) Finally fix the fixing screw.
fixing screw up and down left and right
Figure 3.51 Emitting Unit
dimmer sheet
optical coupler
foot
1/2
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B. Laser Focus
Adjust the screw under the mirror to make the red point smallest and lightest. There is
a position where the red point is the smallest and lightest.
Figure 3.52
C. Adjustment of Receiving Fiber with Black Cover
1) Put the total station in front of a collimator and adjust it to infinity distance until you
can see the reticle of collimator clearly; (note: there are two positions of distance in
the collimator, the near distance point and the infinity distance point. The scale of the
infinity distance point is a bit smaller.)
2) Adjust an electronic theodolite to infinity distance, too;
3) Objective lens of the two instruments must be opposite, and we use the telescope of
the theodolite to observe the EDM. In order to make image clear, wed better put awhite paper as background;
4) Add an outside light source on receiving fiber;
5) Loosen screws 1, adjust the bracket of receiving tube, superpose the facula with the
center of reticle, and then fix the screws 1 and add some varnish on them;
6) Loosen the screw 2, move the fiber to find facula in view field, adjust the position
of fiber, make the facula clearest, and then fix the screw 2.
7) Remove outside light source, install other parts.
Figure 3.53 Screw A Figure 3.54 add an outside light source(diode) to the receiving tube.
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Figure 3.55
3.6 Slip Ring
Slip ring is the electric connection between EDM and main board of total station.Faults of slip ring will mainly cause the failure of power supply to EDM or failure of
data communication.
electronic brush slip ring
(on EDM mainboard)
Figure 3.61
Figure 3.62 legs connected to slip ring
1
2
1
(Power Leg)Volt.6.0V
Caution: Make sure that the legs are well connected to the slip ring correspondingly,
neither open circuit nor short circuit.
CLOCK
GND
DATA
POWER
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Inspection
Take off the battery box. Use OHM of multimeter to check if the four leads of slip
ring get short circuit or open circuit. If so, restore them or replace for a good slip ring.
Under Test Mode/State 3/Inside, rotate the EDM, if the value of SIG changes
between normal value and 0 at times, then it indicates there is some problem with the
slip ring.
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4. CALIBRATIONS
4.1 Plate Vial
Inspection Steps and Criterion:
1. Rotate instrument, make plate level parallel with line between any two leveling
screws, and then adjust leveling screw to make plate bubble centered.
2. Turn the instrument for 90 degrees, adjust the third leveling screw, and make the
plate bubble centered.
3. Repeat the steps 1 and 2, make the plate bubble centered in above two positions.
3. Rotate instrument around vertical axis with a 180.
5. If the plate bubble still be centered (or its offset is less than 1/3 of a grid), plate
bubble is upright to vertical axis.
Adjusting Steps:
1. Adjust leveling screws, make plate bubble centered;
2. Rotate instrument with a 180, watch the offset of plate level;
3. Tweak adjustment screws with correction pin, make plate bubble to move half of
the offset back;
3. Rotate the instrument with a 180, check adjustment result;
5. Repeat the steps above until the plate level is centered.
4.2 Circular Vial
Inspection Steps and Criterion:
After examining the plate bubble, circular bubble should be centered too (or not
beyond the reticle circularity), which indicates the circular bubble is vertical to
vertical axis.
Adjusting Steps:
1. Adjust circular bubble after plate bubble is centered.
2. Loosen the screw (one or two) opposite with bubble deflective direction;
3. Tweak tightly the screw on the direction accordant deflective until circular bubble
is centered;
3. Adjust three adjustment screws for several times until circular bubble is centered;
5. The force power fixing three adjustment screws must be consistent when circular
level is centered at last.
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4.3 Plumb Line
Perpendicularity of vertical axis means Perpendicularity of vertical line of reticle to
horizontal axis. It requests no visible error.
Inspection Steps and Criterion:
1. Make horizontal line of reticle aiming at one arbitrary value on vertical line of
graduation of collimator;
2. Tighten and fix the vertical tangent screw.
3. Rotate horizontal tangent screw (fine adjust) to move the reticle horizontally.
3. If the offset from horizontal line on reticle to graduation line is within 3, the
reticle is not declining.
Adjusting Steps:
1. Loosen two screws among three ones which fix the base of reticle board;
2. Knock the base of reticle board with a tool to make plumb line accord with
standard;
3. Tighten screws, and then drop varnish on them.
4.4 2C (Perpendicularity between Sight Line and Horizontal Axis)
Inspection Steps and Criterion:1. Level the instrument.2. Sight the far crosshairs of telescope at a certain graduation (for example, +10,
shown as figure 4.11) of the vertical scale in the horizontal collimator. And press
0set, and then press Enter.
3. Reverse the telescope and sight at the same graduation (shown as figure 4.12),and note down the horizontal angle value, which should be within 8 difference
from 180.
Figure 4.41 Figure 4.42
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Adjusting Steps:
Take off the reticle cover, and adjust the left and right screw properly.
For example, if the horizontal angle value on the reversed position is 180 00'40" (in
which 40" is just the difference).
4. Adjust the horizontal clamp and tangent screw to make the horizontal angle valueto half of the difference as 18000'20".
5. Then sight at the horizontal collimator, and see how much the deviation is fromthe graduation (+10).
6. Next we take off the reticle cover on the eyepiece and adjust the left and rightadjusting screws to make the vertical reticle back to the graduation.
Notice: Dont adjust the screws beyond 1, or it will affect the beams alignment. There
are far and near crosshairs in telescope. Sight the far crosshairs of telescope through
rotating counter clockwise direction near to the end.
4.5 High-low Difference
(Perpendicularity between Horizontal Axis and Vertical Axis)
Inspection Steps and Criterion:
1. On the first position (main board side is on your left when sighting), sight
crosshairs at a certain graduation (for example, +10) in horizontal collimator.
2. Sight in the lower collimator, note down the corresponding grid value A on the
horizontal crosshairs.
Figure 4.51 Figure 4.52
3. On the second position (main board is on your right when sighting), do as the same
with above two procedures, and note down the other corresponding grid value B.
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Figure 4.53 Figure 4.54
4. The difference between A and B, |A-B|, is just the high-low difference value, which
should be less than 9 (0.3 grid on the scale).
(Note: on the scale of reticle, 1 grid=30)
Adjusting Steps:
1. Take off the center cover below EDM.
2. Adjust the left or right screw under center cover to move crosshairs to the position
of (A+B)/2.
If the above procedure is not satisfactory, we have to disassemble the main body and
scratch the side which is higher than the other.
Notice: After high-low difference, please repeat plate vial calibration.
4.6 Adjustment of Compensators
Collimator
A
B C
Caution: Enter the compensator mode, if the F value showed on the screen is
fluctuating or it exceeds 10000, and cant be adjusted, which means the compensator
is broken. We have to replace for a good one.
Vertical Compensator of Series300/600 and Theodolite
Figure 4.61 Leveling Screws A, B, C
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Inspection Steps and Criterion:
1. Level the instrument.
2. Enter the compensator mode. For theodolite: F2+Power, F1 five times, F3 five
times; For Series 300, press F2+POWER to turn on, then press F1 five times and F3five times to enter the compensator mode; For Series 600, Power ParaSystemF2.
3. Frequency value of compensator is showed on the first row, and this F
value should be within the range of60.
Figure 4.62 F value of the theodolite
Rectifying the F value:
a. Take the battery back cover off the instrument;
b. Tap two sides of compensator with a small hammer to make F value within60 in.
three relative position:0, 90, 180.
If the above value can not be rectified, we have to calculate and input coefficient of
compensator.
How to calculate coefficient of the vertical compensator
1. Level the instrument.
2. Enter the compensator mode.
3. Aim the instrument at the reticle center ofthe collimator.
3. Adjust the leveling hand wheel A which is
close to the collimator to make the
instrument go up 5 grids (6 grids for 600
series) on the reticle. At this moment, note
down the F value (F1).
5. In the same way, we adjust the instrument
5 grids (6 grids for 600 series) down from
the reticle center, and note down the F valueF2.
Figure 4.63 Up 5 grids
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6. Then we can calculate out the coefficient
as: K=|F1|+|F2|/300 (K=|F1|+|F2|/360
for 600 series).
7. Press ENTER, and input the K value
(VADJK). After that, press ENTER tosave and quit. The coefficient of
compensator is well set.
Checking the accuracy of the coefficient
1. Enter the angle measurement mode.
2. Aim the instrument at reticle center of the collimator, note down the Vertical angle
value A0.
3. By adjusting the leveling hand wheel, we make the instrument up 6 grids, note
down the Vertical angle value A1.
3. In the same way, we adjust the instrument 6 grids down from the reticle center and
note down the angle value this time A2.
5.Compare the value A1 and A0, in the second unit(), the difference should be less
than about 6. So it is with A2 (in the second() unit, the difference between A0
and A2 should be less than about 6).
6. If A1 and A2 are not up to requirement, repeat the steps above.
Setting Coefficient of Horizontal Compensator (only for 600 Series)
1. Level the instrument precisely in all directions. Do the Vertical Index adjustment.
Then go to the compensator mode (SET PARASystemHADJ) and adjust the
compensator value within the range of 60 (take the battery back cover off the
instrument and tap two sides of the compensator). Initially, we input the coefficient
as 3.00(press OK and input 3.00 that is HADJK), and keep the temperature coefficient
as 0.20(the lower row, that is, HADJA). Note down the value 0 at Y of the horizontal
angle in the electronic bubble mode (basic interface, F2F6F5). Quit to Angle
Measuring.
2. Sight the instrument at a certain graduation (10, for example) on horizontal line of
the scale line in the upper collimator, then 0set the horizontal angle. After that, sight
the instrument in the lower collimator and remember the corresponding position F on
the horizontal scale line.
3.Enter the electronic bubble mode (basic interface, F2F6F5), turn the screw B
and C to make instrument tilt left-side until the value at Y of the electronic bubble
screen reaches +1'30".
3. Rotate the telescope and turn the horizontal tangent screw, and sight at the same
Figure 4.64 Down 5 grids
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graduation E on the horizontal scale line in the upper collimator. Fix the horizontal
tangent screw. Then sight the telescope at the horizontal scale line in the lower
collimator. Set the horizontal angle zero by pressing Oset. Next sight the instrument
at position F on the scale line in the lower collimator. Here, note down the horizontal
angle H
on the screen.
Then, we can calculate the compensator's coefficient as follows:
K1= 3(1'30"-0)0.577/H 0< H
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in horizontal collimator, and note down the vertical angle value A1;
2. Reverse the instrument and sight it at the same position, note down the angle value
A2;
3. |A1+A2-360| is just the I angle error, which should be less than 6.
Figure 4.71
Adjusting steps:
1. Go to the item V ANGLE 0 POINT .For Series 300, Press F1 + Power, and then
F1; for 600 Series, PowerADJV ANGLE 0 POINT;
2. On first position (main board side is on your left when sighting), aim at a certain
graduation (10, for example) on the vertical crosshairs of the scale in horizontal
collimator, and press Enter;
3. Reverse the instrument to second position (main board side is on your right when
sighting), and sight at the same graduation, and press ENTER;At this moment, if the I Angle error is too much deviation, ERROR will be
displayed. At this time press keys as follows for force alignment:
Series 300, press F3F2F2;
Series 600, press F1F2F2.
Theodolite, press 0SET+V%+0SET
3. Power off to save the force setting.
4.8 Coarse Collimator
Inspection Steps and Criterion:
a. Make vertical line on reticle board aim at plummet (can be replaced with arbitrary
plumb line).
b. Rotate focusing hand wheel to see the plummet.
c. If perpendicular bisector of on the coarse collimator superposes with plumb
line, there is no offset on coarse collimator.
Adjusting Steps:
a. Adjust two screws on coarse collimator.
b. If offset is big, loosen two screws, wrest coarse collimator.
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c. If offset is not big, loosen a screw, knob coarse collimator with relevant tool.
4.9 Optical Plummet
Inspection Steps and Criterion
1. Set the instrument on a tripod and place a piece of white paper with two
perpendicular lines on the ground.
2. Adjust the focus of the optical plummet and move the paper so that the intersection
point of the lines on the paper comes to the center of the field of view.
3. Adjust the leveling screws so that the center mark of the optical plummet coincides
with the intersection of the cross on the paper.
3. Rotate the instrument around the vertical axis and at every 90 observe whether the
center mark position coincides with the intersection of the cross.
5. If the center mark always coincides with intersection, it is not necessary to adjust.
Figure 4.91
Adjusting Steps
1. Adjust the leveling screws to coincide the center mark with the intersection on the
paper;
2. Rotate alidade with a 180, check the offset;
3. Take optical plummet eyepiece cover off, adjust the four screws upper and above,
left-and-right with 1/2 offset (adjust two screws upper and above if leaning up and
down, while adjust other two screws left-and-right if leaning left and right );
3. Repeat steps 13, unt i l the center mark coincides with the intersection on the
paper.
If offset is big, adjust with screw 1, 2 which is shown in figure 3.92.
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Figure 4.11
Method two:
1. Paste a piece of paper with reticle on the wall which is 5 m from telescope.2. Rotate image screw and focus screw to shot at reticle on the wall clearly.3. Turn on electronic theodolite and shot at reticle on the wall.4. Rotate image screw until red point become smallest observed by the other people
near the wall. If the size of laser point becomes big when turning image screw
clockwise, you should change a thicker metal sheet. If the size of laser point
becomes small when turning image screw counter-clockwise, you should change a
thinner metal sheet.
5. When the diameter of red point is around 1mm and reticle on the wall is seenclearly through telescope of electronic theodolite at the same time, adjusting the
size of laser point finishes.
How to move the laser point to the center of crosshairs of electronic theodolite?
Coarse adjustment:
Loosen two crews 1 to move the red point near the crosshairs, and then tighten and
drop some varnish on them.
Fine adjustment:
Adjust four screws 2 to move the red point to the center of the crosshairs.
2
Figure 4.12
2
1
1
2
2
metal sheet
image screwfocus screw
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6. SOFTWARE DOWNLOADING
Series 300 with infrared
1. Connect the total station and PCwith data communication cable;
2. Take off the right cover (the side of
main board);
3. Plug off the jumper on the main
board and insert it into the upper
two-pin socket;
4. Double click the software, andchoose a corresponding com port
according to your computer;
5. Turn on the instrument and the
screen will display Please wait;
6. Press PROGRAM on the software,
and programming starts;
7. After programming finishes, andthan power off.
8. Restore the jumper to its initial
place.
Note:
Just insert the jumper back into one foot of the pin socket, because this pin socket is
used to write program to chip for hardware engineers.
Series 600
1. Connect total station to computer with data communication cable.2. Double click the software, and choose a corresponding com port according to your
computer.
3. Press F1 while powering on the instrument.4. Press F4 in time. The display will show Please wait5. Press PROGRAM on the software, and programming starts.6. Programming finished, plug off the battery.If fail to download software from PC, please check data communication cable orreplace mainboard.
Figure 6.1 Plug off the jumper
Figure 6.2 Insert the jumper
The jumper
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7. COMMON PROBLEMS
7.1 Common Problems in Angle Measure
ET and 300 SeriesError 01
Solutions:
1. Mechanism Discharging screw of vertical axis (tweak tightly)
2. Circuit: 1) Horizontal analog (adjust again, if not ok, replace it)
2) Main board has problem (replace it)
Error 02 telescope is rotated too fastprotective error
Error 03 telescope is rotated too fastprotective error
Solution:
Rotate slowly
Error 04: Vertical Analog 1the lower analog
Error 07: Vertical Analog 2the upper analog
Error 05: Horizontal Analog 1the one with short wires
Error 06: Horizontal Analog 2the one with long wires
Solutions:
1. The diameter of LISHARING figure is beyond 1.0~2.5V. Adjust the figure to thenormal range.
2. The tolerance between the two raster disks exceeds 0.02mm
1) On the vertical rasters, loosen the four big screws, and adjust the four small screws
to make the tolerance between two rasters within the range of 0.02mm (using the
0.02mm tape to decide the tolerance).
2) Or you may adjust the peak-to-peak value within 1.3~2.0V.
3. SignalLisharing and the peak-peak value is suddenly strong and suddenly weak.
The rasters are unglued or the instrument gets crashed. Return the instrument to
factory.
4. The analog is damaged. Replace for a good one.
5. Main board has got problem. Replace for a good main board.
Error 08
Solutions:
1. Adjust the diameter of the Lisharing figure.
2. Adjust the zero-point voltage, because zero-point voltage is too high.
3. Main board is damaged, replace for a good one.
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Additional Errors for Theodolite:
Error20
Solution:
I angle is not well set. Press 0SET+V%+0SET to make a force setting.
Error21
Solution:
Check the compensator.
600 Series
Error 04vertical CCD sensorthe lower CCD
Error 07: vertical CCD sensorthe upper CCD
Error 05: horizontal CCD sensorthe one with short wires
Error 06: horizontal CCD sensorthe one with long wires
Solutions:
1Adjust the CCD signal.
2Encoder disk is dirty, clean it.
3The glass surface of CCD is dirty, clean it. Or CCD is damaged, replace it.
4Light leaks through main board cover. Keep the CCD away from light.
5The main board has got problem. Replace for a good one.
The signal of vertical disk or horizontal disk is unstable.
Solutions:
1. Clean the encoder disk.
2. Clean the CCD glass surface.
7.2 Common Problems in Peripheral Equipment
1. Booting up problemsa. The voltage of battery is beyond 5.5~7.5V;
b. Bad welding of the wires or joints on battery cover;
c. Drive circuit is damaged; The connecting cable of display isnt well connected;
d. The program in charge of display is damaged, replace the main board.
2. Repairing displayboard
Two displays are connected to each other. Connect only one display with main board
every time to see if it is ok. The solution is to replace the broken display board.
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3. Problems in buzzer
If the sound volume is too low or no sound from buzzer, please change buzzer on the
left cover.
4. Problems in communication port
Please Examine:
a. cable pins of communication port and judge if the connection is cut;b. if connection between cable pins and data receptacle on main board is correct;c. if baud rate is correct.If it is still not good, it is necessary to change main board.
7.3 Common Problems in EDM
1. Error 31
Fault inspection and repairing flow chart:
Power on and hear if there is sound from motor.
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Method to check fiber and emitting tube: take off the fixing screws of the emitting
tube to examine if there is emitting light. There is emitting light when fiber is broken.
If not, emitting tube is broken.
Method to check emitting board: examine the voltages of two leads of emitting board
(P15).
Power leg
(P21
yes no
Signals on
emittin board
Replace the
board
Correct motors
polarity
no yesSlip ring
no
Replace
it
yes
Electronic
brush
no
Replace it
Change main
board
Power on
Sound
from motor
yes
no
end
es
start
Figure 7.31
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Power on
Sound from
motor
no
Facula under
test mode
yes no
High voltage
end
CZ5,6,
8 P16
yes
no
Change that board
no
yes
Adjust voltageholding screws
Replace for a proper
light-reducing sheet
CZ10 (P16)
Change receiving board
CZ9 (P16)
Change emitting board
no
yes
yes
no
Fiber
Replace for it
Emitting
tube
Replace for it
Emitting
board
Replace for it
no
yes
yes
yes
no
no
yes
Figure 7.32
start
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Some inspection methods to Error31:
At the moment of powering on instrument, listen if there is sound from motor in EDM
(and sound from motor of light-path transition system).
If no sound, add a DC 3V to motor to see if it has been broken. If motors are good,
test followings:
1) Inspect the Power leg on emitting board to connect with slip ring partunder
distance measuring stateto see if it is about 6.0V.
2) Check if slip ring is in shorted circuit, or weak welded. Check the connection with
main board and relevant ports.
4) Turn the instrument on, under distance measurement state, look into objective lens,
to see if there is red facula, if not, try to rotate motor of light-path transition system. If
still no facula, it needs to check emitting fiber or emitting board.
5) Inspect whether emitting fiber is broken.
6) Test voltage of the ports on emitting board. If above are ok, we need to inspect
intermediate frequency board to find error points. See below:
a) Use a multimeter to test the voltage of CZ9 point, the voltage is the output voltage
of emitting board. The value should be 2.5V (300series) or 1.6V
(400,500,600series), if not, there is problem with emitting board.
b) Use a multimeter to test the voltage of CZ10 point, the point is the testing point of
receiving board. The value should be around 3.9v, if not, inspect small board and
receiving fiber.
c) If above points are ok please inspect the hi-voltage of CZ4 point. The value
should be lower than the recommended voltage for 10~15V (please find the
recommended voltage on the back of EDM cover).
If the hi-voltage is out of the normal range, we need to adjust it as below:
If there is no big difference between testing voltage and recommended voltage, we
can adjust hi-voltage controlling screw.
Turn on the instrument, enter adjustment state, enter state 3.for 300, to change light
path, press F1. To change measuring tape, press F4.0, 1 are low frequency, 3 is high
frequency, for 400/500/600, see manuals.In adjustment state 3, under inside light path, low frequency state, loosen the
fixing screw, then adjust hi-voltage control screw.:
When inside light path signal become lesser, restart the total station, enter test mode
again. Now high-voltage controlling value and high voltage value will be larger.
When inside light path signal become larger, restart the total station, enter test mode
again. Now high-control value and high voltage value will be lower.
(High-voltage control screw can be turned in 2 rounds, if hi-voltage can not be well
adjusted by this screw, it needs to change light-reducing piece in inside light path).
To change light-reducing piece:
a. Take zero-fixing board down, turn inside light path out, take off its light-reducing
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piece
b. Change for a suitable light-reducing piece, paste on with varnish, fix zero-fixing
board on the bracket. Turn on the total station, check the high-voltage. If still not ok,
repeat the adjustment steps of high-voltage.
(When high-voltage is lower than recommended voltage, use a darker light-reducing
piece; when high-voltage is higher than suggested voltage, use a lighter light-reducing
piece.)
7) After fixing above, if the problem still appears, the middle-frequency board should
be changed.
8)If above are ok, we enter Adjustment State 2 to check Optical Coupling board.
9)Checking Optical Coupling Wave.
Set oscilloscope to be 0.1V state, place probe on the middle point on the opticalcoupling board to watch signal of this point (meanwhile rotating the light reducing
motor gear).
Gear value Checking: Under adjustment state 2, put a prism onto Objective lens, the
correct gear value should be about 11.
If there is big error, adjust it as below:
Loosen 2 fixing screws, move the optical coupling board upward or downward, make
the Gear value be correct.
10) When above is ok, enter adjustment state 3. Check the CZ5 point on intermediate
frequency board. In inside light path, set oscilloscope to be 0.1V state, 10db
attenuation, put probe on CZ5. Observe the signal. Under low frequency, the signal
should be 2.2~2.7V. Under high frequency, the signal should be 1.6~2.5V.
Middle-frequency signals should be sine wave.
11) Optical and electronic crosstalk: Under outside light path, set oscilloscope to be
5mV, 10db attenuation, and place probe on the CZ6 point. Under low frequency,
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prism. If signals voltage change, it needs to adjust high-voltage controlling screw. If
no changes, it is good.
After fixing all of screws, then check again high-voltage, high-voltage control,
intermediate frequency signals.
2. Failures of distance measuring
a. long distance measuring failure:
Solution: Adjust the beam alignment.
b. short distance measuring failure;
Solution: Adjust the optical coupler.
c. both of long distance and short distance measuring failure
Solution: check slip ring (whether get short circuit or open circuit); optical fibers
(whether get broken); intermediate frequency board (signals); emitting board (check
signals); inside path (check whether it gets stuck).
3. Exaggerated reading
Without rotating EDM (telescope), reading is correct; while EDM (telescope) being
rotated, exaggerated reading occurs, it is the problem with slip ring;
Without rotating EDM, exaggerated reading appea rs, then something wrong with
intermediate frequency board, receiving board or EDM main board.
Prism system gets dirty or moldy, clean it or change it. After being re-assembled,
we have to readjust all the calibrations.
4. Repairing on faulty reading of distance measuring
If the faulty reading is a fixed value, then readjust the instrument constant;
If the faulty reading is flexible, then check the three boards on EDM (emitting
board, intermediate frequency board, receiving board);
In coordinate measurement, if there is error reading in Z coordinate, the problem is
probably with the software, rewrite or update the software.
5. High-voltage broken down (hi-volt. much higher than recommended value)
a. Receiving fiber is broken
Solution: Replace for a good one;
b. Inside light path doesnt move, it is locked tightly, or the inside path is dirtySolution: check the inside path and clear the resistance
c. Motor driving circuit problem, or bad welding on the emitting board
Solution: Replace emitting board
6. Inside path signal changes
a. Receiving optical fiber is broken:
Solution: replace receiving fiber
b. High-voltage controlling transformer is broken
Solution: replace intermediate-frequency board
c. something wrong with capacitance receiving board
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Solution: Replace the receiving board
7. There is obvious difference between high frequency and low frequency of light
path signal
a. phase-locking fails
Solution: replace the emitting board
b. Frequency-mixing circuit problem
Solution: replace emitting board
8. Inside light path signal is zero, hi-voltage is higher than normal
There is problem with 2.2N capacitance on receiving board
Solution: replace receiving board
9. Instrument measures automatically (without prism)
There is problem with measurement stopping systemSolution: change intermediate frequency board
10. Unstable reading of distance measuring results
a. High-voltage is too high:
Solution: adjust high-voltage over again.
b. Voltage of CZ9 port on intermediate frequency board is wrong
Solution: change intermediate frequency board
c. The frequency of main oscillation is wrong
Solution: replace the emitting board
11. Inside path signal is zero, and the voltage of high-voltage controlling is 0
Communication between EDM and main board is bad.
Slip ring fault: short circuit or open circuit
Solution: replace slip ring
12. High-voltage too high, and inside path signal 4.9V, distance measuring fails
Initiative response of high-voltage is too slow, and high-voltage controlling
transformer is bad.
Solution: replace intermediate-frequency board
7.4 Common Problems in Axis
Please refer to Axis Blocking part.
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8. TOOLS & CHEMICALS
Oscilloscope CSY-2 Box Multimeter
Grinding Sticks (H.&V.)
Bats
Light reducing sheet
Allen Key
TweezersScrewdriversExtender
Tape of 0.02mm
Collimator
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