organic compounds. ccccarbon – hydrogen - usually oxygen also: nitrogen sulfur phosphorus
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Organic CompoundsOrganic Compounds
Organic CompoundsOrganic Compounds
Carbon – HydrogenCarbon – Hydrogen
- Usually Oxygen- Usually Oxygen
Also: NitrogenAlso: Nitrogen
SulfurSulfur
PhosphorusPhosphorus
CarbohydratesCarbohydrates C – H – O C – H – O
Same 2:1 Ratio as is in water (HSame 2:1 Ratio as is in water (H220)0)
Monosaccharides- 3 to 7 Carbon AtomsMonosaccharides- 3 to 7 Carbon Atoms
- Glucose & Fructose- Glucose & Fructose
Disaccharides- 2 Mono’s bonded togetherDisaccharides- 2 Mono’s bonded together
- Sucrose- Sucrose
Polysaccharides- 3 + sugarsPolysaccharides- 3 + sugars
-Starch & Cellulose-Starch & Cellulose
LipidsLipids
C – H – OC – H – O
- no fixed ratio- no fixed ratio
• Fats or OilsFats or Oils
• Fatty Acids-Fatty Acids- Building blocks of Lipids Building blocks of Lipids
Lipid FunctionLipid Function
Long term storage of Energy & CarbonLong term storage of Energy & Carbon
Building of Structural parts of cellBuilding of Structural parts of cell
Non- PolarNon- Polar
- Does not dissolve in water- Does not dissolve in water
LipidsLipids
Saturated Fatty AcidsSaturated Fatty Acids
Solids at room temperatureSolids at room temperature
Carbons have single bonds, therefore they Carbons have single bonds, therefore they are saturated with hydrogen atomsare saturated with hydrogen atoms
ExamplesExamples- Butter- Butter- Lard- Lard
Unsaturated Fatty AcidsUnsaturated Fatty Acids
Liquids at room temperatureLiquids at room temperature
Carbons have double bonds, therefore they Carbons have double bonds, therefore they are not saturated with Hydrogen atomsare not saturated with Hydrogen atoms
Examples:Examples:- Olive Oil- Olive Oil- Corn Oil- Corn Oil
ProteinsProteins
Made from Made from Amino AcidsAmino Acids
Structural components of cellsStructural components of cells
Used in defense mechanismUsed in defense mechanism
and as and as enzymesenzymes..
ProteinsProteins
Amino AcidsAmino Acids
Amino Group (-NHAmino Group (-NH22)) Acid Group (-COOH)Acid Group (-COOH) R- (Variable Group)R- (Variable Group)
20 different types of Amino Acids20 different types of Amino Acids Sequence of AA’s determines the structure Sequence of AA’s determines the structure
of the proteinof the protein
Nucleic AcidsNucleic Acids
Dictate Amino Acid sequence of proteinsDictate Amino Acid sequence of proteins
Source of genetic informationSource of genetic information
Made up of Made up of NucleotidesNucleotides
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