paddle power winnowing machine

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PADDLE POWER WINNOWING MACHINE

Prepared by

ASHUTOS DAS ,SAMBHURISHA MISHRA, SAROJ KU. DAS,SAGAR CHOUDHURY, SMRUTI RANJAN DASH& A.G.B KAR

Under guidance of Mr. P.Sirish Chand

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

JITM

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CONTENTS

• INTRODUCTION• LITERATURE SURVEY• THEORY• DESIGN&FABRICATION• ECONOMIC ASPECT• EXPERIMENTATION• PROSPECT SCOPE• CONCLUSION

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INTRODUCTION:

Wind winnowing is a method developed by ancient cultures for agricultural purposes.

The winnowing process is performed by throwing up the grain, after being trodden down, against the wind with a shovel.

That operation was performed in the evening to catch the breezes which blow after the close of a hot day, and which continue for the most part of the night.

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Cont…… Chaff is the seed casings and other inedible to human’s plant matter harvested with cereal grains .

The word "Chaff" is also used to refer to something worthless, such as in the expression "separating the wheat from the chaff", meaning to find things of value and separate them from things of no value.

The absence of effective cleaning devices often results in poor quality milled rice in terms of contaminants. Stones and other hard object admixtures in the paddy also shorten the life of the milling machinery.

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LITERATUTRE SURVEY:

history

• In ancient china the method was improved by mechanization with the development of the rotary winnowing fan, which used a cranked fan to produce the airstream.

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Rotary-fan winnowing machines photographed in Hong Kong History Museum, 2003

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PRESENT TECHNOLOGY

SEPARATING GRAIN FROM CHAFF WITH A TURNING DRUM SCREEN

A mixture of dislodged seed and spikelet tissue are inserted into the end of a hand-turned drum constructed of screen. Flow rate through the drum is adjusted through variable sized openings and by changing the height of the end of the drum to adjust the slope . Drum assembly is stabilized to the turning shaft

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Advantages:

•Simple and low cost construction and operation.

•Can be scaled up for greater capacity.

•Screens can be changed for other sized grains.

Disadvantages:

•Allows separation of chaff pieces smaller and larger than the grain. •Effective separation of grain from similarly sized pieces of chaff is difficult

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SEPARATING GRAIN FROM CHAFF WITH A BLOWER ASSEMBLY

A blower assembly was attached to a stand-alone unit . The bottom of the unit has a small gap for the grain to be expelled . As a result the bulk of the blower output goes upward past a restrictor which creates the Venturi effect – so no air leaves through the bottom of the chute.

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ADVANTAGES

•Effective for separating chaff similarly sized with grain, and broken grains.

DISADVANTAGES

•Electric-powered assembly may be difficult to convert to hand operation.

•The effectiveness of separation may require an initial cleaning to reduce the amount of chaff.

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SEPARATING GRAIN FROM CHAFF WITH A KICE ASPIRATOR

A mixture of dislodged seed and spikelet tissue is poured into the Kice aspirator where it passes over plates within a column that uses flowing air to separate seed from debris .

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ADVANTAGES

•Highly effective for separation.

•Useful to serve as standard for comparing developing technologies.

DISADVANTAGES

Expensive and “high-tech” for the intended settings

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THEORY:

The theory behind it is very simple i.e. when particles contain different masses are allow to fall from certain height and wind blowing perpendicular to it then some separation accord.

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DESIGN, FABRICATION & SPECIFICATION

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

When designing our attachment, the following considerations were taken into account:

•The device should be suitable for local manufacturing capabilities.

•The attachment should employ low-cost materials and manufacturing methods.

•It should be accessible and affordable by low-income groups, and should fulfill their basic need

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MATERIALS REQUIRED •A cycle • Fan blade• Iron sheet• Iron bar and angle of specific dimension.

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• An iron frame of height 6ft and width 2.5ft is constructed

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•A container of length 1.5ft and width 2.5 ft is constructed

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•They are joined together

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•A collector is connect at the bottom.

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•A cycle which will use pedal power energy to generate wind was connected at a side of the frame.

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DESIGN CONFIGURATION :HEIGHT OF MODEL 6.0 FT

WIDTH 2.5 FT

GROUND BASE AREA 6.25 FT2

FEEDER HEIGHT 1.4 FT

LENGTH 2.5 FT

WIDTH 2.5 FT

FEEDER HEIGHT FROM GROUND 5.6 FT

HEIGHT OF CYCLE SEAT FROM GROUND 3.6 FT

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CONT….BLADE HEIGHT 1.2 FT

BLADE WIDTH 0.5 FT

DISTANCE OF FAN FROM FEEDER 1.10 FT

COLLECTOR LENGTH 2.5 FT

WIDTH 2.5 FT

AREA 6.25 FT2

INCLINATION FROM GROUND 25 0

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SPECIFICATION:Wt of the equipment

72 kg

FEED CAPACITY 20 – 25 Kg (APPROX)

FAN ROTATION SPEED 70 RPM

MATERIAL (IRON) MILD STEEL

LABOUR 1 – 2 NO.

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ECONOMICAL ASPECTS:

ITEM (NAME) PRICE (IN RUPEES)

MATERIAL (MILD STEEL) 3,600/-

FABRICATION CHARGE(SERVICE CHARGE)

600/-

FAN 180/-

GEAR ,CHAIN& OTHERS 300/-

TOTAL COST 4,680/-

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EXPERIMENTATION

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STEP1: 4kg of grain were taken and mixed with chaff of 100 gm.

STEP 2: The mixture is taken into the container of the equipment

STEP 3: Slowly open the mouth of the container with simultaneously pedaling is done.

STEP 4: During this operation the lighter particles get away and heavier particles get collected at the bottom.

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PROCEDURE

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STEP 5: Weight the heavier particles (W).

STEP 6: Collect the grain present in the container and marked them

as weight loss at each reading.

STEP 7: Repeat the procedure by taking different weight of chaff (lighter particles ).

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CALCULATION

Where, F = weight of the feed = (W + w) W = weight of heavy particles w = weight of lighter particles f = weight of particle remain inside the container. P = weight of heavy particle collected ŋ= efficiency

Efficiency *100

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Wt of heavy

particles in

feed

Wt of lighter

Particles in

feed

Total wt of

the feed

Wt of feed

inside

container

Wt of heavy

particle

collected

Efficiency

W (gm) w (gm) F (gm) f(gm) P(gm E in%

4000 100 4100 30 4020 50.00

4000 200 4200 30 4025 72.5

4000 300 4300 30 4077 64.33

4000 400 4400 30 4105 66.25

4000 500 4500 30 4130 68.00

TABULATION

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1 2 3 4 50

100

200

300

400

500

600

Series1no of reading

no of reading

wt o

f cha

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1 2 3 4 50

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Series1

NO OF READING

EFFI

CIEN

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FUTURE ASPECTS:

FUTURE ASPECT OF THIS EQUIPMENT ARE :-

• improve efficiency.• lower the economical aspect.• change paddle power to electric power by using

solar cell (if electricity is not available).• training to farmers to use.

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COST OF MODEL (IF USE SOLAR POWER)

SOLAR PANNEL (12VOLT X 2) 3,000/-

BATTERY (12V X 2)RECHARGEBLE

450/-

D.C MOTOR(24 VOLTS) 6,00/-

OTHERS 50/-

TOTAL COST 8,780/-

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CONCLUSION:

• From the above experimentation and cost estimation we can easily say that this equipment is very helpful for the farmer as its efficiency lies with in 50 to 70 % and cost is very economical so that a poor farmer can easily purchase it.

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THANK YOU !!!

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ANY QUERIES ?