petroleum systems modeling challenges of...

PETROLEUM SYSTEMS MODELING CHALLENGES OF

STRUCTURALLY COMPLEX FRONTIER BASINS: THE

CASE OF THE LEVANT (EAST-MED) BASIN

A PROPOSED INTEGRATED APPROACH

F.H. NADER1,

J. Barabasch2, L. Inati1, M. Ducros1, S. Bou Daher2, B. Carpentier1, N. Hawie3, R. Littke2

1 Geosciences Division, IFP Energies nouvelles (France) 2 RWTH Aachen University (Germany) 3 Beicip-Franlab (France)

fadi-henri.nader@ifpen.fr

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Levant Basin Integrated Research Projects

IFPEN & Extended Network (since 2011)

Industry Partners: •Statoil •Maersk Oil •Total •OMV…

STRATIGRAPHY, STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY AND PETROLEUM SYSTEMS OF THE LEVANT BASIN

www.pgs.com

INTRODUCTION

THE LEVANT BASIN (EAST-MED. REGION)

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R E S P O N S I B L E

O I L A N D G A S

The Eastern Mediterranean region proven to be world-class, frontier deepwater hydrocarbon province.

More than 60 Tcf of natural gas were

discovered offshore Israel, Cyprus and Egypt; e.g. Tamar field (world’s largest deepwater natural gas discovery in 2009).

New plays have been confirmed in un-explored areas; e.g. Zohr field (carbonates, offshore Egypt).

In addition, the giant gas province of the

Nile Delta –increase up to 42 Tcf of gas reserves.

The Levant Basin is characterized by a lack of data, a complex geodynamic history, and high exploration costs. Recent seismic acquisitions and interpretations place it as ‘natural laboratory’ for improving numerical modelling.

Nader et al. (2016)

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R E S P O N S I B L E

O I L A N D G A S

GEODYNAMICS

Mesozoic extension in the Tethyan domain: Creation of the East-Med basins

Frizon de Lamotte et al. (2011)

P.B: Palmyra Basin L.B: Levant Basin

Middle Jurassic

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R E S P O N S I B L E

O I L A N D G A S

GEODYNAMICS

Middle Jurassic Mesozoic to Cenozoic convergence, collision, and escape tectonics Africa, Arabia and Eurasia

Late Maastrichtian

Modified from Bellahsen et al. (2003) Hawie (2014)

Oligocene Middle Miocene to Present

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O I L A N D G A S

Ghalayini et al. (2015) Modified from Walley (1998) and Brew et al. (2001)

TECTONONICS

NE trending anticlines (Late Miocene); NNE-SSW thrust faults (active in the

Tertiary); ENE-WSW strike-slip faults (Active - HC Migration paths)

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O I L A N D G A S

Nader et al. (2016)

SEDIMENTARY PILE: 5,500 to 9,000m – Sed. Thickness (Mount Lebanon) 7,500 to 11,500m – Sed. Thickness (Bekaa) 12,000 to 14,000m – Sed. Thickness (OFFSHORE)

METHODOLOGY

INTEGRATED WORKFLOW AND MODELLING TECHNIQUES

R E S P O N S I B L E

O I L A N D G A S

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EAST MEDITERRANEAN CRUSTAL MODELING - 2018

• What is the architecture and the nature of the crust in the Levant basin and surroundings?

• How can the crustal evolution be recreated with integrated geophysical data analysis?

• How does understanding crustal characteristics help in constraining the heat flow evolution (major input for sedimentary basin models)?

Constraining tectonic evolution

Improving earthquake evaluation

Rigidity of the crust

Properly assessing petroleum systems

Lama Inati, H. Zeyen, F.H. Nader, M. Adelinet, and M. Rahhal

R E S P O N S I B L E

O I L A N D G A S

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EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN CRUSTAL MODELING

Lama Inati, H. Zeyen, F.H. Nader, M. Adelinet, and M. Rahhal

R E S P O N S I B L E

O I L A N D G A S

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2D CRUSTAL MODELING - DATA

R E S P O N S I B L E

O I L A N D G A S

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2D CRUSTAL MODELING – PROFILE 1

Refraction data SW of the ECB

LAB

LB HB

Onshore Herodotus

Asthenosphere

Moho

R E S P O N S I B L E

O I L A N D G A S

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2D CRUSTAL MODELING – PROFILE 1

LB HB

Onshore Herodotus

Lithospheric Mantle Moho

R E S P O N S I B L E

O I L A N D G A S

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INTEGRATED STRATIGRAPHIC MODELING WORKFLOW

Steps for constraining reservoir fairways in frontier HC basins

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O I L A N D G A S

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Hawie et al. (2013) Mitchum et al. (1977) Catuneanu et al. (2009)

F3

F7

F1 Hemipelagic deposits

Fan lobes or turbidites

Channel

5 km

10

0 m

s TW

T

3D 25 km Defining Seismic

Facies, representing depositional environments. Mapping Seismic Facies belts on 2D seismic profiles, and suggesting GDE maps.

WORKFLOW

Seismic interpretation (1)

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O I L A N D G A S

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Middle Miocene Upper Miocene

Hawie et al. (2015)

Proposing GDE maps and / or block-diagrams showing the paleo-geography, depositional environments, and input sources of sediments for each stratigraphic interval.

WORKFLOW

Conceptual geological model (3)

R E S P O N S I B L E

O I L A N D G A S

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Inte

grat

ed

wo

rkfl

ow

fo

r b

asin

Ge

o-m

od

elin

g

Barabasch (2016)

RESULTS

INTEGRATED GEO-MODELS

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O I L A N D G A S

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W

E

Stratigraphic Model Mesozoic

Numerical simulation were achieved interval by interval (separately) and were calibrated by the means of the geological conceptual models. The progradation of the Jurassic platform carbonates along the Levantine margin and the Base Cretaceous regressive sand cycles were, hence, properly simulated.

STRATIGRAPHIC MODELING

Barabasch (2016) Hawie et al. (2013)

Stratigraphic architecture

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O I L A N D G A S

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(Hawie et al., 2013)

z = x15 z = x15

By tuning the input sources for clastics sedimentation in the Oligo-Miocene, meaningful simulations for the silici-clastic and carbonate systems can be achieved.

STRATIGRAPHIC MODELING

Turbidite system sources

Distal Nile basin floor fan from south

Arabian plate from east

Model parameters

Up to Qs,total =3650 [km3/Ma]; Qw,

total=10200 [m3/s]

Ksand=1; Kshale=5

Barabasch (2016)

Carbonates and silici-clastics basin infill (source to sink)

R E S P O N S I B L E

O I L A N D G A S

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Link to Seismic Data

The simulated stratigraphic facies distributions in 3D allow comparison and calibration with 2D seismic sections (interpreted for seismo-stratigraphic facies), as well as with thicknesses (isopach maps).

STRATIGRAPHIC MODELING

Barabasch (2016)

Calibration and quality control

Hawie et al. (2013)

Hawie et al. (2013)

R E S P O N S I B L E

O I L A N D G A S

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Cenozoic - stratigraphic reservoirs

Upper Cretaceous/ Eocene Marls - regional seal - possible barrier for fluid flow

Chouf Sand - possible reservoirs - distal extension towards basin

Messinian Salt - massive regional seal

Upper Cretaceous and Jurassic Carbonate Platforms

STRATIGRAPHIC MODELING

Reservoir fairways and petroleum systems

Barabasch (2016)

R E S P O N S I B L E

O I L A N D G A S

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PETROLEUM SYSTEMS MODELING

STRATIGRAPHIC MODEL BASIN MODEL

Petroleum System Basin Model - Petrophysical facies maps

Stratigraphic Model - Depositional facies maps

Barabasch (2016)

A common Facies/Petrophysical

Library

R E S P O N S I B L E

O I L A N D G A S

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PETROLEUM SYSTEMS MODELLING

TemisFlowTM basin model of the Levant Basin with

simplified lithological facies (Bou Daher, 2015).

Analytical Modelling

(TOC, TIC, TS, RE, XRF, XRD, δ13Corg, VRr, Macerals analyses, GC, GC-MS,

kinetics)

Bou Daher et al. (2014) – Bou Daher et al. (2015) S. Bou Daher et al. (2016)

SOURCE ROCKS

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O I L A N D G A S

PETROLEUM SYSTEMS MODELING

Bou Daher et al. (2016)

TemisFlowTM (Beicip-Franlab)

100 km

Temperature °C 330 °C

14 °C

67 °C

120 °C

174 °C

227 °C

280 °C

Northern Levant Basin 3D Petroleum Systems Modeling

R E S P O N S I B L E

O I L A N D G A S

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Offshore Margin

Onshore Mt. Lebanon

Onshore Bekaa Valley

Bou Daher et al. (2016)

MATURATION

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O I L A N D G A S

Bou Daher et al. (2016)

PETROLEUM SYSTEMS

R E S P O N S I B L E

O I L A N D G A S

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PETROLEUM SYSTEMS MODELLING

FAULTS – FLUID MIGRATION AND PRESSURE

Fault set up basin model at 0 Ma

Increased vertical permeability for active faults

Ghalayini et al. (2014)

CONCLUSIONS

RESULTS AND WAY FORWARD

R E S P O N S I B L E

O I L A N D G A S

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Levant Basin Research Projects = Integrated Approach for Frontier Basin Studies

Regional Synthesis

HC Maturity – Bio/Thermogenic

Geodynamics Tectonics – Stratigraphy – Organic Matter

F. Stratigraphic Model Crustal Model

Towards forward stratigraphic / basin geo-models

Seismic Data

Basin PS Model

Hawie

Papadimitriou

Ghalayini

Symeou

Evans

Inati

Bou Daher

Grohmann

R E S P O N S I B L E

O I L A N D G A S

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12th workshop of the International Lithosphere Program (ILP) Task force on Sedimentary Basins (29 October – 2 November 2017)

Lithosphere Dynamics of Sedimentary Basins at Plate Boundaries & Related Analogues

Call for Participation 1 Dec 2016 Registration 15 April 2017 Abstract Submission End 30 July 2017

2017 HORIZONS: Dynamics of landscape evolution and its interaction with deep Earth processes Coupling Earth observation methodologies to solid Earth dynamics Volcanism and related processes at all scales Sedimentary Basin systems and geo-resources Geo-hazards and sustainable geo-resources Rock-fluids interactions in sedimentary basins New concepts on the East-Med. geology

http://cyprusconferences.org/ilp2017/