pharma cog nosy of turmeric

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NAME =SAMARTH SINGH

ROLL NO=83

CLASS =SEM IV

BATCH=C

GUIDE= SONAL .B. PATEL

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Turmeric is used in India, as a food

substanceIn Ayurveda, it is used as Medicine

It is used as medicine, in Indian Homes

traditionallyIt is used both Internally and

Externally

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English: Turmeric

Latin: Curcuma Longa & CurcumaDomestica

Hindi: Haldi, Haridra

Gujarati :Haladar

Arabian: Darufussukur

Persian :Jaradpope

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Two types of Turmeric available

One : Long shaped rhizome

Other : Oval shaped rhizome

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It is cultivated, as well as self 

generated in jungles

Found in rhizomes, oval rootsor long, thick roots

Fresh rhizomes are known, raw

Turmeric or fresh Turmeric

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R aw or Fresh Turmeric is used asVegetable

R aw Turmeric are dried or boiled inwater and after that dried, changesin Yellow colors, used as spice orMedicine

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In Turmeric , many chemical

substances are found

A type of Aromatic oil 1percent

A sticky substance

A Yellow coloring substance

A sticky oil

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Description of Medicinal

properties are available in

Ayurveda classicsBitter in taste, pungent and

hot and dry in nature

Effective to cure, AyurvedicTridosha : Vata and Kappha

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It is used in the treatment of all Skindisorders, discoloration of skin,anomalies of Urine, Diabetes,

anomalies of blood, Swellings,Hepatospleenomegaly, all nature ofWounds, Boils etc.

Modern scientific evaluation showsthe wide use of Turmeric in manyailing conditions like Cancer,Diebeties etc

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Bitter in taste, pungent, warm

effects,

Aromatic

StimulentTonic

Carminative

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T.S OF TURMERIC

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MACROSCOPIC STUDY

>Rhizomes ovate, oblong or pyriform(round turmeric) or cylindrical, often

short branched (long turmeric), former

about half as broad as long, latter 2-5

cm long.> 1-1.8 cm thick, externally yellowish to

yellowish-brown with root scars and

annulations of leaf bases, fracture

horny, fractured surface orange toreddish brown,

>central cylinder twice as broad as

cortex: odour and taste characteristic.

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MICROSCOPIC STUDY>Transverse section of rhizome shows epidermis

with thick-walled, cubical cells of variousdimensions, cortex characterised by the presence

of mostly thin-walled rounded

>Parenchyma cells scattered collateral vascularbundles, a few layers of cork developed

> Epidermis and scattered oleo-resin cells with

brownish contents; cork generally composed of 4-

6 layers of thin-walled, brick-shaped parenchyma,cells of ground tissue

contain starch grains of 4-15 in diameter, oil cell

with suberised walls either orange-yellow globules

of volatile oil or amorphous resinous matter

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CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS

>>Essential oil contains ar-turmerone, and ar-curcumene as major constituents. Some of

the other compounds are a-and b-pinene,

sabinene, myrcene, a-terpinene, limonene,

p-cymene, perillyl alcohol,turmerone,eugenol, iso-eugenol, eugenol methyl ether

and iso-eugenol methyl ether.

>>Curcumin and related compounds have alsobeen reported as major constituents of the

rhizomes. Recently a number of

sesquiterpenes have been reported from C.

longa,

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CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS CONTD ..

>>C. longa contains curcumin,

alkaloid and an essential oil. Dry 

rhizomes of C. longa yield 5.8% 

essential oil.

>> A ketone and an alcohol is

obtained from the volatile

distillate. Fresh rhizomes yield0.24% oil

containing Zingiberine

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CHEM CONSTITUENTS CONTD --

>>The essential oil (5.8%) obtained bysteam distillation of dry rhizomes have

been reported to contain b-phellandrene,

d-sabinene, cineole, borneol, Zingiberene

and sesquiterpene ketones (50%).

>>In the recent analysis of the essential

oil, turmerone (29.3%), ar-turmerine

(23.6%) and sabinone (0.6%) have beenidentified in the ketonic fraction besides

p-cymene, iso-caryophyllene, trans- b-

farnesene, d-curcumene, b-bisbolene and

b-sesquiphellandrene

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Curcumin keto form

Curcumin enol form

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Anthelmintic

BronchitisDiabetes

Flatulence

Weak state of StomachOphthalmic disorders

Nasal disorders : Sinusitis, Fleshy growth

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Turmeric is very effective inEosinophillia

Should be taken One gram powder

with warm water 4 times a day

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Effective medication in all nature of

Allergy and allergic reactions

One gram to be taken three times aday with plain water

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One / two gram powder should be

taken 3 hourly, 5 times a day

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Cleaning foul ulcers

Dressing for sprains, bruises,contusedwounds,black eyes,

Inflammatory affections of the joints

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Adult : Fine Powder 1 ² 4 gms

Children : 100 mgs ² 500 mgs

Repetition : should be taken 3 or 4times a day

It is totally safe and have no anyside effects

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>>Connell, D.W. and Jordan, R.A.1971. Composition and distinctivevolatile flavour characteristics of the essential oil from Australian grown

ginger.  J. Sci. Fed. Agric., 22:93.

>>Abraham, V.A. and Pillai, G.B. 1974. Biology and bionics of insect pests

of ginger and turmeric. Annual report, CPCRI, Kasaragod. p.145.

>>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CurcuminKeto.svg

>>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308814608009084

REFE RENCES

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