pia 2528 week seven. the public service the relationship to local government
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Max Weber-1864-1920
Liberalism and the State- Influenced by the Prussian model of the state
Note: It was history that influenced the ideas of two late 19th century intellectuals, Karl Marx and Max Weber
Myth- Bureaucracy as a neutral actor
Governance Issues
Focus on Local Government
• Primary unit of government that has both political leadership and bureaucratic structures
1. Traditional- Fused
1. looked back at China, Egypt, Rome and Africa
2. Fused System- magic, mystification and witchcraft
3. Key- gradual move to rational separation of King from government
2. Charismatic- Revolutionary and the Aftermath of French Revolution, 1789-1815
1. State identified with the movement and leader
2. Apex under Napoleon-
3. Allegiance of civil servant to leader- French revolution- emphasis on science and engineering
Charismatic
4. Key: Routinization of Charisma
• -from leader, shift loyalties one step further to nation
• -basic ministries- finance, foreign affairs, War, Justice, Interior
3. Legal-Rational Model- Modern:specialized/technical: Characteristics a. Merit Selection
b. Hierarchy- Chain of Command
c. Division of Labor and functional specialization
d. Administrative work: full time, no sinecures
Legal Rational
e. Contractual agreement
f. Professional or technical training
g. Fixed salaries
h. Formal framework of rules and procedures
i. Written records and files
j. Separation of office from incumbent- bureau from the occupant. eg. the Bureaucrat
Local Government
1. Build or Transfer Bureaucratic Capacity from National to Local Government
2. Capacity is the Key to Decentralization
3. Key: Planning Exercise
Botswana- 1982
Ten Districts- Four Cities
2,700 Employees of the Unified Local Government Service
Assignment: Development of a Training Plan
Table 1: Education and Training Needs of Unified Local Government Service – Summary by Position Classification of Those in Post, February, 1981
* Vacancies include expatriates in position
Table 2: Sample Table of Cadre Manpower and Training Positions*
* Footnotes to be provided for explanation of assumptions
Table 3: Summary of Manpower and Training Needs, 1982 – 1992, by ‘A’ and ‘B’ Posts
Total 1990
Establishment New Posts
Resignations/ Dismissals
Retirements Existing
Employees to be Trained
Vacancies to be Filled
by Training
Total Number to be
Trained
All ‘A’ Positions
All ‘B’
Positions
1338
3669
571
1571
221
827
170
203
344
1118
248
368
1554
4095
Total
5007 2150 1048 373 1462 616 5649
Table 6: Summary, Student/Week to be Trained
Summary of Student Weeks to be Trained for all Institutions, 1982 – 1986
Discussion:
Land use, water, basic Needs NGOs, grassroots institutions and
civil society in Africa, Latin America, Eastern Europe, Asia and the Middle East.
Implications on Local Government, Civil Society and Governance
Human Resource Skills and Rural Change
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