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Innovative Technology Solutions for Sustainability
Solar thermal electric technology with thermal energy storage
New Mexico
27 August, 2014
ABENGOA
Hank Price, P.E.
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Engineering and construction
• Power plants, ethanol
• Process plants, desalinization
• T&D
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Concession-type infrastructures
• Solar,
• transmission lines,
• desalination,
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Industrial production
• Biofuels
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Abengoa’s business is structured around three activities
Energy Environment
We perform these three activities in two high-growth sectors
Our business
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Abengoa Solar Development
Europe
693 MW
Middle East & Africa
400 MW
U.S.A.
560 MW
Towers: Steam Accumulator PS10: 11 MWe saturated steam 0.5 hrs
PS20: 20 MWe saturated steam 0.5 hrs
Khi: 50 MWe superheated steam, 2 hrs
Troughs: Indirect Molten-Salt Solana: 280 MWe, 6hrs
KaXu: 100 Mwe, 3 hrs
Xina: 100 Mwe, 5 hrs
Ashelim: 110 Mwe, 6 hrs
Towers: Direct Molten-Salt Atacoma 1: 110 MWe, 17.5 hrs
Thermal Energy Storage
Copyright © Abengoa Solar, S.A. 2014. All rights reserved. 4
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R&D makes cost reductions a reality
Copyright © Abengoa Solar, S.A. 2013. All rights reserved
Molten salt tower
Superheated tower
DSG trough loops
Solugas tower Oil trough
Molten salt storage
Stirling dishes
PV lab
HCPV
PS20
PS10
Abengoa Sanlucar test facility – Seville, Spain
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Dispatchable solar power meeting the needs of utilities
Solana: The worlds largest parabolic trough solar power plant 280 MWe with 6 hours of thermal energy storage
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July
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Relative Value of Generation Trough Plant w/6hrs TES Solar Radiation
January
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Relative Value of Generation Trough Plant w/6hrs TES Solar Radiation
Solar Plant With Storage vs. Utility System Load
Solar Plant Dispatch Profiles
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Cold Salt Tank Hot Salt Tank
Cold salt
pump
Hot salt
pump
Immersion heater
(typical of 4)
Immersion heater
(typical of 4)
Oil-to-salt heat
exchanger (typical of 6)
Distribution
ring header
Distribution
ring header
Cooing air pipes
(typical of 24)
Cooing air pipes
(typical of 24)
1.0 m
Isolation valve
(typical of 4)
Vent valve
(typical of 3) Nitrogen
transfer line
Nitrogen
storage tank
Nitrogen
compresso
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Nitrogen
cooler
Pressure
control valve
Drain valve
(typical of 2)
Pump
maintenance
gantry crane
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Indirect 2-tank molten-salt design for parabolic trough plants
Based on Solar Two molten-salt power tower experience. Uses oil to salt heat exchangers to transfer energy to and from storage
U.S. DOE Solar Two 1994
Indirect 2-tank TES configuration used for non-Abengoa parabolic trough plants in Spain
TES for Parabolic Trough Plants
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Improved heat exchanger design Alfa Laval plate and frame heat exchanger
Reduces the number of separate salt heat exchangers
Reduces salt valves and piping
Reduces pressure drop through heat exchangers,
Improves temperature approach between salt and HTF
All salt equipment located above tanks for emergency drain back.
Long-shafted molten-salt pumps mounted above tank
Recirculation system for HTF & TES freeze protection & improved TES start-up
Abengoa TES Technology
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R&D Pilot plan Commercial project
TES (Thermal Energy Storage)
stage-0 stage-1 stage-2 stage-3 stage-4
R&D in molten salts
R&D collaboration
CDTI grant
O&M
Lessons learned
Applied in Solana
6h of storage
10 Copyright © Abengoa Solar, S.A. 2012. All rights reserved
R&D path to Commercialization of Thermal Energy Storage
Solana
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Collector Type: Abengoa E2 Parabolic Trough Collector (5.75m x 125m)
Heat Transfer Fluid: Therminol VP-1
Solana Power Station
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Solar Field Size: 2,200,000 m2
Land Area: 3 square miles, formerly agriculture
Solana Power Station
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Plant Size: 280 MW gross generation, 2 x140 MW turbines, ~250 MW net after station parasitic loads
Solana Power Station
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Thermal Energy Storage (TES): 6 hours of full load operation 2-tank, indirect, molten-salt TES
Six parallel TES trains
Solana Power Station
Arial View of Solana
15 Power Block and TES is located at the center of the solar field
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Aerial view of the Power Block.
TES
Unit #2 Unit #1
HTF Area
Solana Power Station
Solana Generating Station TES System
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Temporary melting system and salt storage
Cold Salt #1
#2
#3
#4
Hot Salt
#5
#6
Salt / oil heat exchanger
TES System
• Capacity = 6 hours @ 280 MWe
• ~4470 MWht
Molten-Salt
• 60:40 mix of sodium and potassium nitrate
• 135,000 tons of salt
• Freeze point of 435°F
• dT ~ 180°F
Storage Tanks
• 12 x 2.9 Million Gallon Tanks
• Diameter = 122 feet
• Max level = 32 feet
• 6 Hot and 6 cold salt tanks
Heat Exchanger
• Alfa Laval Plate Frame
• Duty: 6 @ 745 MWt
• Dry Weight 350 tons/ea
Copyright © Abengoa Solar, S.A. 2014. All rights reserved.
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30-May
Clear Day, 2 Turbines, Summer APS Profile
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22-Apr
Cloudy Day, 1 Turbine, Summer APS Profile
Clear Day, 1 Turbine, Winter APS Profile Clear Day, 24 / 7 Op., Summer APS Profile
Solana Generating Station
Copyright © Abengoa Solar, S.A. 2014. All rights reserved.
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Molten-Salt Tower
• Location: Antofagasta region in Chile • Technology: Molten-salt tower
• Tower: 250 m tall (including receiver) • Solar Field: 10,600 ASUP heliostats (140 m2 ) • 17.5 hours of thermal energy storage • 110 MWe gross power Rankine steam turbine (superheated steam at 550ºC and 130 bar)
• Baseload operation: 24 hour operation to supply power to local mines. • Due to the size of storage, solar and turbine operation are largely independent.
• Construction to begin in 2014, operation to begin in 2017
Baseload Solar Power
Abengoa Solar’s Cerro Dominador MS tower project in Chile ASUP 140 heliostat
Abengoa Solar’s MS Tower Pilot Project
Electric Energy Storage Capital Cost $/kWhe
Efficiency Life Notes
Batteries:
Near-term DOE goal1 $250 75% 4000 cycles
Long-term DOE goal1 $150 80% 5000 cycles
Thermal Energy Storage:
Oil trough indirect (NREL2)
$212 93% >30 years Solana in operation validates cost and performance.
(1,500 MWhe, 250MWe)
MS tower direct TES (NREL2)
$66 99% >30 years Chile MST project under construction. Cost and
performance consistent with NREL assumptions
(1750 MWhe, 100 MWe)
DOE Sunshot Goal for CSP1
$30 95% 30 years
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Notes: 1) U.S. DOE, Grid Energy Storage, December 2013 2) NREL, SAM Default Assumptions, 2014
Energy Storage Comparison
Copyright © Abengoa Solar, S.A. 2014. All rights reserved.
Solar Thermal Electricity
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• Renewable, Dispatchable, Price Stability • Green aspects of solar power • Flexibility of natural gas • Price stability of coal
• Thermal Energy Storage • Proven – delivering dispatchable power in the U.S. today • Scalable and cost effective • Performance does not degrade with time or cycling • Newer advanced technologies lead to improved cost and
performance.
ABENGOA Innovative technology solutions for sustainability
Hank Price
Hank.price@solar.abengoa.com
Thank you
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