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EGYPTIAN RELIGIONEGYPTIAN RELIGION

PRIESTSPRIESTSGODSGODS

GOVERNMENTGOVERNMENT

CHARACTERISTICSCHARACTERISTICS• POLYTHEISTICPOLYTHEISTICWORSHIP OF MANY GODS-WORSHIP OF MANY GODS-

EXCEPTION-EXCEPTION-ERA OF AMENHOTEP IV WORSHIP ERA OF AMENHOTEP IV WORSHIP

OF ONE GOD ATONOF ONE GOD ATON• EARLIEST GODS REPRESENTED EARLIEST GODS REPRESENTED

NATURAL THINGS NATURAL THINGS • GODS EVOLVE INTO MORAL GODS EVOLVE INTO MORAL

DEITIESDEITIES

• PHAROAH IS A GODPHAROAH IS A GOD• BELIEF IN AN AFTERLIFEBELIEF IN AN AFTERLIFE• SOULSOUL• ANIMAL CULTSANIMAL CULTS• SACRED SYMBOLSSACRED SYMBOLS A. EYE OF HORUSA. EYE OF HORUS B. BEN-BEN SACRED HILL OF B. BEN-BEN SACRED HILL OF

CREATIONCREATION

THREE RELIGIOUS THREE RELIGIOUS GROUPSGROUPS

1. MEMPHIS1. MEMPHIS A.CENTER OF THE MEMPHITE A.CENTER OF THE MEMPHITE

PHILOSOPHYPHILOSOPHY B. WORLD WAS CREATED BY PTAH THE B. WORLD WAS CREATED BY PTAH THE

MASTER CRAFTSMANMASTER CRAFTSMAN C. CREATION BY EITHER THE SPOKEN C. CREATION BY EITHER THE SPOKEN

WORD OF PTAH WORD OF PTAH OR OR HIS HATCHING AN EGG OF CREATIONHIS HATCHING AN EGG OF CREATION

2. HERMOPOLIS2. HERMOPOLIS A. HOME OF THE HERMOPOLIS A. HOME OF THE HERMOPOLIS

THEOLOGYTHEOLOGY B. WORLD CREATED BY 4 PAIRS OF B. WORLD CREATED BY 4 PAIRS OF

GODS BROTHER SISTERS ON A GODS BROTHER SISTERS ON A SACRED HILL OF CREATION (THE SACRED HILL OF CREATION (THE BEN-BEN)BEN-BEN)

3. HELIOPOLIS3. HELIOPOLIS A. CENTER OF THE HELIOPOLIS A. CENTER OF THE HELIOPOLIS

THEOLOGYTHEOLOGY B. ATUM CREATED THE WORLD ON B. ATUM CREATED THE WORLD ON

A SACRED HILL(BEN-BEN) BY A SACRED HILL(BEN-BEN) BY BRINGING CREATION OUT OF BRINGING CREATION OUT OF WATERWATER

C. BELIEVED THE PHAROAH WAS C. BELIEVED THE PHAROAH WAS RELATED TO THE SUN GOD OR RELATED TO THE SUN GOD OR BECAME A GOD AT DEATH BECAME A GOD AT DEATH

RELIGION AND RELIGION AND GOVERNMENTGOVERNMENT

THEOCRACY-GOVERNMENT THEOCRACY-GOVERNMENT RUN BY A GOD OR A RUN BY A GOD OR A

GOVERNMENT RUN BY A GOVERNMENT RUN BY A RELIGIONRELIGION

SIMPLIFIED EGYPTIAN GOVERNMENTSIMPLIFIED EGYPTIAN GOVERNMENT

PHAROAHPHAROAHPRIESTS------------MILITARYPRIESTS------------MILITARY

VIZIER-------------------------------VICEROYVIZIER-------------------------------VICEROY JUDGESJUDGES

SCRIBES------------------GOVERNORSSCRIBES------------------GOVERNORS

(NOMEARCHYS)(NOMEARCHYS)SOLDIERSSOLDIERS

ARTISANSARTISANS

FREE FARMERS AND LABORERSFREE FARMERS AND LABORERS

SLAVESSLAVES

WOMEN OF THE PHAROAHWOMEN OF THE PHAROAH

GREAT CHIEF WIFE--- WOMAN WHO GREAT CHIEF WIFE--- WOMAN WHO PRODUCES THE ROYAL HEIRPRODUCES THE ROYAL HEIR

1. SISTER1. SISTER2. 1/2 SISTER2. 1/2 SISTER3. DAUGHTER3. DAUGHTER4. 1ST COUSIN4. 1ST COUSIN5. AUNT5. AUNT6. MOTHER6. MOTHER

LAW OF PRIMOGENITRYLAW OF PRIMOGENITRY

THE FIRST BORN SON THE FIRST BORN SON BECOMES THE NEXT BECOMES THE NEXT

PHAROAHPHAROAH

THE ROYAL FAVORITE--- THE MOST THE ROYAL FAVORITE--- THE MOST POPULAR WOMAN OF THE POPULAR WOMAN OF THE PHAROAH’S HAREM.PHAROAH’S HAREM.

HAREM WOMENHAREM WOMEN1. TREATY BRIDES1. TREATY BRIDES2. POLITICAL MARRIAGES2. POLITICAL MARRIAGES3. GREAT BEAUTY3. GREAT BEAUTYNUMBER IN THE HUNDREDS NUMBER IN THE HUNDREDS

MAJOR GODS AND MAJOR GODS AND GODESSES OF EGYPTGODESSES OF EGYPT

PTAHPTAH

AMONAMON

THOTHTHOTH

SOBEKSOBEK

RA ( RE )RA ( RE )

ANUBISANUBIS

OSIRISOSIRIS

ISISISIS

HORUSHORUS

NEPHTHYSNEPHTHYS

SETHSETH

THE FIRST MUMMYTHE FIRST MUMMY

• MURDERED BY MURDERED BY SETHSETH

• BROUGHT BACK BROUGHT BACK TO LIFE IN THE TO LIFE IN THE AFTERLIFEAFTERLIFE

• HIS STORY IS ONE HIS STORY IS ONE OF THE MOST OF THE MOST TOLD OF ALL TOLD OF ALL MYTHS IN EGYPTMYTHS IN EGYPT