problem based learning workshop
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Problem Based learning Problem Based learning WorkshopWorkshop
Val WassVal Wass
Workshop objectivesWorkshop objectives
Assess prior knowledge of problem based learningAssess prior knowledge of problem based learning
Understand how a student feels when given a case Understand how a student feels when given a case
Describe basic learning theories underpinning PBLDescribe basic learning theories underpinning PBL
Identify learning outcomes for an undergraduate caseIdentify learning outcomes for an undergraduate case
Write a PBL caseWrite a PBL case
Carry out the process of a PBL groupCarry out the process of a PBL group
Reflect on learning and unresolved issues Reflect on learning and unresolved issues
Workshop objectivesWorkshop objectives
Assess prior knowledge of problem based learningAssess prior knowledge of problem based learning
Task 1:Task 1:
In groups:In groups:
What do you know about Problem Based Learning ?What do you know about Problem Based Learning ?
Workshop objectivesWorkshop objectives
Assess prior knowledge of problem based learningAssess prior knowledge of problem based learning
Understand how a student feels when given a case Understand how a student feels when given a case
The seven stepsThe seven steps
Session one:Session one:1: Clarifying terms: 1: Clarifying terms: What words do you not understand?What words do you not understand?
2: Define the problems: 2: Define the problems: What has to be solved ?What has to be solved ?
3: Analyse these problems: 3: Analyse these problems: Brainstorm the issuesBrainstorm the issues Use prior knowledgeUse prior knowledge
4: Summarise the issues to form coherent themes4: Summarise the issues to form coherent themes
5: Set learning objectives: 5: Set learning objectives: i.e. questions to look upi.e. questions to look up & answer& answer
6: Individual study6: Individual study
Session twoSession two::7: Discussion and resolution of problems 7: Discussion and resolution of problems
The seven stepsThe seven steps
Session one:Session one:1: Clarifying terms:1: Clarifying terms:
2: Define the problems:2: Define the problems:
3: Analyse these problems: 3: Analyse these problems:
4: Summarise the issues to form coherent themes4: Summarise the issues to form coherent themes
5: Set learning objectives:5: Set learning objectives:
6: Individual study6: Individual studySession twoSession two::
7: Discussion and resolution of problems 7: Discussion and resolution of problems
The History of PBL
McMaster University (Canada) 1965 the first PBL
Maastricht University (Netherlands)1979 ‘purer’ PBL
1994 Manchester
First UK medical school to introduce PBL as a major learning strategy and to continue it throughout clinical years.
Workshop objectivesWorkshop objectives
Assess prior knowledge of problem based learningAssess prior knowledge of problem based learning
Understand how a student feels when given a case Understand how a student feels when given a case
Describe basic learning theories underpinning PBLDescribe basic learning theories underpinning PBL
Problem based learning
Empiricism:Tabulae rosaeBacon, Locke, Hume
Problem based learningEmpiricism: Bucket theory of the mind
Popper 1979
Problem based learningRationalism:
Knowledge can not be actively transferred.The learner has to actively master it
Education is not the filling of the pail but the lighting of a fire
W.B.Yeats
Problem Based LearningProblem Based Learning
Short Short termtermmemorymemory
Long termLong termmemorymemory
ScaffoldScaffoldknowledgeknowledge
ininworkingworking memorymemory
Problem based learning
ActivatePrior knowledge
The seven stepsThe seven steps
1: Clarifying terms: 1: Clarifying terms: What words do you not understand?What words do you not understand?
2: Define the problems: 2: Define the problems: What has to be solved ?What has to be solved ?
3: Analyse these problems: 3: Analyse these problems: Brainstorm the issuesBrainstorm the issues Use prior knowledgeUse prior knowledge
Problem based learning
ElaborateIdentify gaps in knowledge
The seven stepsThe seven steps
4: Summarising the issues to form coherent themes4: Summarising the issues to form coherent themes
Problem based learning
Intrinsic motivationto find the answers
Puts learning in context
The seven stepsThe seven steps
5: Set learning objectives: 5: Set learning objectives: 6: Individual study6: Individual study
Empowering students to learn for themselves Empowering students to learn for themselves
The seven stepsThe seven steps
Session twoSession two::7: Discussion and resolution of problems 7: Discussion and resolution of problems
Metacognitive skills: Evaluation and team work Metacognitive skills: Evaluation and team work
Workshop objectivesWorkshop objectives
Assess prior knowledge of problem based learningAssess prior knowledge of problem based learning
Understand how a student feels when given a case Understand how a student feels when given a case
Describe basic learning theories underpinning PBLDescribe basic learning theories underpinning PBL
Identify learning outcomes for an undergraduate caseIdentify learning outcomes for an undergraduate case
A plumber is visiting a doctor and explainsA plumber is visiting a doctor and explains “ “I woke up this morning and, when I was coughing,I woke up this morning and, when I was coughing,
I had blood in my mouth I am really concernedI had blood in my mouth I am really concernedbecause in the last two weeks this has happenedbecause in the last two weeks this has happened
more than once.more than once.
The seven stepsThe seven steps
Session one:Session one:1: Clarifying terms:1: Clarifying terms:
2: Define the problems:2: Define the problems:
3: Analyse these problems: 3: Analyse these problems:
4: Summarise the issues to form coherent themes4: Summarise the issues to form coherent themes
5: Set learning objectives:5: Set learning objectives:
6: Individual study6: Individual studySession twoSession two::
7: Discussion and resolution of problems 7: Discussion and resolution of problems
Workshop objectivesWorkshop objectives
Assess prior knowledge of problem based learningAssess prior knowledge of problem based learning
Understand how a student feels when given a case Understand how a student feels when given a case
Describe basic learning theories underpinning PBLDescribe basic learning theories underpinning PBL
Identify learning outcomes for an undergraduate caseIdentify learning outcomes for an undergraduate case
Write a PBL caseWrite a PBL case
Set learning objectives (3-4) and write a problemSet learning objectives (3-4) and write a problem
for an undergraduate student which will guide andfor an undergraduate student which will guide and
motivate them to identify, follow up and achievemotivate them to identify, follow up and achieve
the intended learning outcomes.the intended learning outcomes.
Workshop objectivesWorkshop objectives
Assess prior knowledge of problem based learningAssess prior knowledge of problem based learning
Understand how a student feels when given a case Understand how a student feels when given a case
Describe basic learning theories underpinning PBLDescribe basic learning theories underpinning PBL
Identify learning outcomes for an undergraduate caseIdentify learning outcomes for an undergraduate case
Write a PBL caseWrite a PBL case
Carry out the process of a PBL groupCarry out the process of a PBL group
PBL
FIRSTTUTORIAL
Individualwork
SECONDTUTORIAL
Define problemand set
learning needs
Pool answersand solve problem
Open the case: group discussion
1. Clarify terms (any unfamiliar?)
2. Define the problem (list them)
3. Brainstorm possible explanations
4. Arrange explanations into tentative solutions
5. Define learning objectives and requisite experience.
tutortutor
scribescribe
Chair personChair person
Close case group discussion
7. Discuss result of private study
8. Agree resolution of problem .
Workshop objectivesWorkshop objectives
Assess prior knowledge of problem based learningAssess prior knowledge of problem based learning
Understand how a student feels when given a case Understand how a student feels when given a case
Describe basic learning theories underpinning PBLDescribe basic learning theories underpinning PBL
Identify learning outcomes for an undergraduate caseIdentify learning outcomes for an undergraduate case
Write a PBL caseWrite a PBL case
Carry out the process of a PBL groupCarry out the process of a PBL group
Reflect on learning and unresolved issues Reflect on learning and unresolved issues
Thank you Thank you
What are the strengths of Problem Based Learning?
Strengths of PBL
• Students take responsibility for learning
• Recognises prior knowledge and tries to link in with this
• Encourages motivation and curiosity
• Encourages searching and reasoning skills
• Learn how to learn, not just current facts (which go out of date)
What are the weaknesses of Problem Based
Learning?
Problems with PBL
• Need help to make transition to self directed learners
• Need clear learning goals
• Need to provide opportunities to learn skills
• Need very good facilitation from tutor
• PBL fatigue and short-cuts
• Psychosocial aspects
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