professor joan duda - university of birmingham · professor joan duda school of sport, exercise and...

Cross-cultural considerations when motivating

older adults to engage in physical activity: do

adaptations need to be made in existing theories

to maximize their effectiveness in multi-ethnic

societies?

Professor Joan Duda School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences

J.L.Duda@bham.ac.uk

Points to Make

Why theory?

Which theories …and when to integrate

Measurement considerations

Multi-methods a necessity

Promoting involvement and ownership

Weave in…what we have done/are doing

in our PA promotion work

An interesting challenge – analysing cross

cultural data…how do we incorporate ‘culture’?

Why Theory?

• Guidelines/strategies for designing

interventions: What should contribute to

sustained PA/reduced ST in older adults?

• Ways of testing the fidelity of the intervention

What theory should provide

Regarding PA/ST intervention trials,

motivational/behavioural change processes

predicting differential adherence to/attrition

in the intervention

What theory should provide

Elucidates processes (the how) by which interventions targeting environmental or individual difference factors may impact targeted outcomes; Are observed behavioural changes mediated by motivational processes proposed by theory?

MOTIVATIONAL CLIMATE

OUTCOMES

MOTIVATIONAL PROCESSES (Theory-based)

What theory should provide

• Sub-groups analyses – effective for whom,

when, where?

What theory should provide

• What to measure (outcomes, processes,

potential moderators) and how?

What theory should provide

Which Theory?

Self-Determination Theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985, 2000)

Social

Contextual

Factors

Relatedness

Competence

Autonomy

M

O

T

I

V

A

T

I

O

N

OUTCOMES

• affective

• behavioral

• cognitive

SELF-

DETERMINED

CONTROLLED

INTEGRATION makes

conceptual sense?

AGT

AGT

SDT

SDT

INTEGRATION doesn’t make

conceptual sense!

Measurement Issues

• Translation… backwards, forwards

• Many types of equivalence to demonstrate

• Was the measure developed for this

particular population? – if no, start from

scratch or revise as needed and

demonstrate validity and reliability

• ‘Think aloud’ method

• Statistical tests of measurement invariance

INVARIANCE IN OUR

MEASURES

Necessity of Multi-Methods

Main Trial Beginning of season

End of season

Beginning of next season

4 weeks after workshop

Needs Analysis

Promoting Involvement and

Ownership

Interesting Challenge – testing ‘cultural

differences’ in our behavioural change

trials

Thanks for your attention…look

forward to further discussions

on this important topic!