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PROJECT COMPLETION REPORT
Earthquake Risk Reduction and Recovery Preparedness Programme for Nepal
(October 2007 – December 2010)
January 2011
Submitted by:
Government of Nepal Ministry of Physical Planning and Works
Department of Urban Development and Building Construction Earthquake Risk Reduction and Recovery Preparedness
Programme for Nepal (UNDP/ ERRRP‐Project: NEP/07/010) Babarmahal, Kathmandu, Nepal
Ph. (977‐1) 4262474 | Fax. (977‐1) 4262431 | GPO Box No. 26004, Kathmandu E‐mail: info@errrp.org.np | website: www.errrp.org.np
ERRRP Project Completion Report
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Table of Contents
ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................................................. i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ....................................................................................................................... ii
Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................... 1
1.0 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 1
1.1 Overview of the ERRRP Project ............................................................................................... 2
1.2 Project Details .......................................................................................................................... 2
1.3 Objectives ................................................................................................................................ 3
1.4 Implementing Organizations and it’s roles ............................................................................. 3
1.5 Program municipalities ............................................................................................................ 4
1.6 Management Arrangements ................................................................................................... 5
1.7 Expected Outputs .................................................................................................................... 6
1.8 Organizational set up of ERRRP Project .................................................................................. 7
2.0 Major Achievements / Outputs .................................................................................................. 8
2.1 Capacity Building Trainings ...................................................................................................... 8
2.2 Awareness Programs ............................................................................................................. 16
2.3 Demonstrative Seismic Retrofitting Works ........................................................................... 27
2.3 Earthquake Vulnerability of Mobile Towers and Associated Structures in Kathmandu Valley32
2.4 Preparation of Reports and Guidelines ................................................................................. 33
3.0 Regional Initiatives .................................................................................................................... 36
4.0 Financial Status of the Project .................................................................................................. 38
5.0 Results in Gender Equality, Women’s Empowerment, and Social Inclusion ............................ 39
6.0 Partnership ................................................................................................................................ 39
7.0 Lessons Learned / Challenges ................................................................................................... 40
8.0 Way Forward ............................................................................................................................. 40
Annex A: List of ERRRP Documents Produced ................................................................................ 42
Annex B: List of Trainings, Sensitization / PEA program Conducted .............................................. 46
Annex C: List of ERRRP Project Personnel ....................................................................................... 48
Annex D: Activity Result wise Expenditure ..................................................................................... 49
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ERRRP Project Completion Report
i
ABBREVIATIONS
ADRC Asian Disaster Reduction Center
BCPR Bureau of Crisis Prevention and Recovery
DUDBC Department of Urban Development and Building Constructions
ERRRP Earthquake Risk Reduction and Recovery Preparedness Programme
GoN Government of Nepal,
HFA Hyogo Framework for Action
IEC Information Education and Communication
IRP International Recovery Platform
ISDR International Strategy for Disaster Reduction
MRT Mandatory Rules of Thumb
MoHA Ministry of Home Affairs:
MoLD Ministry of Local Development,
MoPPW Ministry of Physical planning and Works
NIM National Implementation project
NNBC Nepal National Building Code
NPD National Program Director
NPM National Program Manager
OB Outcome Board
PEB Project Executive Board
PEA Public Education and Awareness
RMG Results Management Guide
SAARC South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
SDMC SAARC Disaster Management Centre
UNDP United Nations Development Programme
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ERRRP Project was implemented by the MoPPW in close coordination with MoLD, MoHA and Programme Municipalities with the financial support of Government of Japan and UNDP-Nepal. This being a NIM project of UNDP, the implementation responsibility of the project is MoPPW/ DUDBC. Nepal lies in the eleventh position in the list of most vulnerable countries of the world in terms earthquake hazard. This program helped to strengthen the institutional and community level capacity to plan and implement earthquake risk reduction and disaster recovery preparedness in the country through capacity building, public education and awareness, retrofitting demonstration unit and preparation of study reports for building safe cities against seismic risk in 5 Programme municipalities of Nepal
Express my gratitude to Mr. Kishore Thapa, former National Programme Director, UNDP/ERRRP Project and Secretary, Ministry of Tourism and Civil Aviation, Mr Om Dharananda Rajopadhaya, former National programme Director, UNDP/ERRRP Project, Mr. Ashok Nath Uprety, Director General, DUDBC, Mr Amrit Man Tuladhar, Former National Program Manager, ERRRP Project, Mr. Vijaya Singh, Assistant Country Director, UNDP, Nepal, Mr. Sohel Khan, Regional Coordinator, ERRRP Project, Mr. Ghulam Mohyudin Sherani, Disaster Management Specialist, UNDP, Mr. Om Shankar Mulmi, Program Officer, UNDP, Mr. Rudra Neupane, Project Officer, UNDP for extending their sincere cooperation in the smooth implementation and management of ERRRP Project.
I would like to use this opportunity to sincerely appreciate and express gratitude to Mr. Suresh Prakash Acharya, Joint Secretary, MoPPW and National Programme Director, UNDP/ERRRP Project for his consistent support provided throughout the project duration in making this project remarkable. I am grateful to MoPPW, DUDBC, MoLD, MoHA and the Programme Municipalities: Biratnagar Sub-Metropolitan City, Hetauda Municipality, Pokhara Sub-Metropolitan City, Birendranagar Municipality and Dhangadhi Municipality for their support and valuable help.
I would like to thank all the ERRRP colleagues, especially Ms. Chandra Laxmi Hada, Project Engineer - Training and Mr. Randhir Kumar Singh, Project Assistant who helped and gave me support at critical junctures during the making to this Project Completion Report.
Last but not the least, financial support for the project form Government of Japan and UNDP is gratefully acknowledged. Thanks to the representatives of the donor agency Government of Japan and UNDP Nepal.
Sagar Krishna Joshi
Senior Divisional Engineer, DUDBC and
National Programme Manager, UNDP/ERRRP Project
ERRRP Project Completion Report
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Executive Summary
Earthquake Risk Reduction and Recovery Preparedness (ERRRP) program was initiated by
UNDP/BCPR (Bureau of Crisis Prevention and Recovery) with the support of the government of
Japan. ERRRP Project was implemented by the Ministry of Physical Planning and Works
(MoPPW) in close coordination with Ministry of Local Development (MoLD), Ministry of Home
Affairs (MoHA) and Programme Municipalities. The Department Urban Development &
Building Construction (DUDBC) is one of the departments of MoPPW mandated to implement
Nepal National Building Code throughout the country.
The project was a timely intervention aiming to strengthen the institutional capacities at all levels
for reducing seismic risks, and to plan and implement earthquake risk reduction and disaster
recovery preparedness measures in selected municipalities. The project has greatly contributed to
earthquake preparedness planning and safe construction practices for new buildings and
retrofitting of existing poorly constructed unsafe buildings in Nepal. Mainly the project enhanced
the skills of construction engineers, architects and masons about safe building design and
construction. One of the program municipalities has already commenced implementation of
National Building Code, while others are in the process of commencing the same in near future.
The project further supported to conduct several studies and assessments related to urban seismic
risks, safe construction practices, and vulnerability of mobile telephone towers, test and
demonstration of retrofitting techniques. Apart from that the project helped the government to
produce several reports required by DUDBC / MoPPW / porgramme municipalities such as
training guideline and manuals for earthquake resistant design and construction of buildings,
review of existing NNBC, seismic vulnerability evaluation guideline, recovery preparedness
guideline, municipal profiles of earthquake vulnerability, report on review of municipal policies
about NNBC, documentation of indigenous knowledge about safer construction, and several IEC
materials about earthquake preparedness and safe building construction.
Following the contributions made by the project in achieving the national goal of reducing
seismic risks in Nepal, on request of the Government of Nepal, UNDP put additional resources to
extend the project beyond July 2010 till end of December 2010. The GoN has shown high
commitments to implement good practices learnt from the project in future.
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1.0 Introduction
1.1 Overview of the ERRRP Project The Earthquake Risk Reduction and Recovery Preparedness Programme (ERRRP‐Project) has been
designed in line with the priorities identified under Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) 2005-
2015: (World Conference on Disaster Reduction : Jan. 2005 Kobe, Japan) in partnership with
International Recovery Programme (IRP). The UNDP/BCPR (Bureau of Crisis Prevention and
Recovery) with the support of Government of Japan initiated an Earthquake Risk Reduction and
Recovery Preparedness (ERRRP) program in five high risk South Asian countries: Nepal,
Bhutan, Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. The ERRRP project in Nepal is a part of the five country
regional programme in South Asia that seeks to support regional cooperation through knowledge
sharing and development of best practices in the context of the SAARC Comprehensive
Framework on Disaster Management agreed in February 2006.
The country programme is designed to strengthen the institutional and community level capacity
to plan and implement earthquake risk reduction strategies and disaster recovery preparedness in
Nepal, a country that stands at 11th rank in the world with respect to vulnerability to earthquake
hazards (BCPR, 2004).
ERRRP Project was implemented by the Ministry of Physical Planning and Works (MoPPW) in
close coordination with Ministry of Local Development (MoLD), Ministry of Home Affairs
(MoHA) and Programme Municipalities with the financial support of Government of Japan and
UNDP-Nepal. The project has carried out various activities related to Earthquake safe
constructions, Earthquake preparedness and recovery planning in five municipalities located in 5
different development regions of Nepal.
1.2 Project Details The Project supported local governments, specifically, programme municipalities to enable their capacity for implementation of NNBC to reduce seismic risks of live and property. Though the project document was signed between UNDP and GoN in October 2007, the real implementation started only in Feb 2008.
Project Duration Oct. 2007 to December 2010 Project Period 2007 to 2010 Source of Fund: Government of Japan , UNDP Award ID : 00047754-NEP/07/010 (00057599)
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1.3 Objectives Goal: The main goal is to reduce the impact of potential earthquakes on seismically vulnerable
communities in Nepal. Purpose: The main purpose is to strengthen national capacity (institutional and community level)
for pre-disaster preparedness and mitigation and post-disaster recovery planning with a focus on
targeted earthquake-prone urban areas of Nepal.
ERRRP provides a way for the municipalities to solve their own Earthquake risk preparedness
and motivating risk reduction policy development and implementation by:
promoting the understanding of local risk
creating collaborative partnerships amongst organizations and stakeholders
sharing expertise and experience from other municipalities
stimulating and motivating risk reduction policy development and implementation
Building code implementation and enforcement
The basic strategy to implement the project was to support the government's long term plan for
risk reduction through comprehensive mitigation and recovery preparedness planning mainly
through developing capacity at all levels.
1.4 Implementing Organizations and it’s roles Ministry of Physical Planning and Works (MoPPW): MoPPW is the main implementing
partner of the project through DUDBC and its divisional offices. The MoPPW plays a lead role in
implementation of the project while DUDBC takes the day-today management responsibility of
the project. The MoPPW provides guidance and oversight on implementation of the building
code, and hazards and vulnerability assessments from the perspective of both earthquake risk and
recovery preparedness.
Ministry of Home Affairs: It provides inter-ministerial coordination as required by the project
throughout implementation.
Ministry of Local Development: It helps ensuring that the programme municipalities get
actively engaged in implementation of building codes with the support of the project.
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Programme Municipalities: The 5 Programme municipalities are responsible for
implementation of municipality level activities of the project
1.5 Program municipalities
The Project worked with the following municipalities:
1. Central Region : Hetauda Municipality
2. Eastern Region : Biratnagar Sub- Metropolitan City
3. Western Region : Pokhara Sub- Metropolitan city
4. Mid-western Region : Birendranagar Municipality
5. Far-western Region : Dhangadhi Municipality
Dhangadhi Surkhet
Pokhara
Hetauda
Biratnagar
Kathmandu
(Central Office)
Eastern Development
Region
Map 1: Five Programme Municipalities of ERRRP Project
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1.6 Management Arrangements This project implementation follows National Execution Modality. UNDP has provided technical
and operational support in the following areas:
Setting up the project team;
Identifying the consultants required by the project;
Procurement of goods and services;
Disbursing the project fund based on the annual and quarterly work plan of the project;
Coordinating with the Regional Project Team to carryout lessons learnt exercise on post
disaster in high risk countries of the region.
The roles and responsibilities of the project management structure are defined as follows: Project Board: The Project Board is responsible for making management decisions for the
project when guidance is required by the Project Manager, including recommendation for
Implementing Partner and UNDP’s approval of project revisions.
Project Executive: The Project Executive role as the Chair of the Board is taken by the National
Project Director / Joint Secretary, Ministry of Physical Planning and Works (MoPPW), GoN. The
Project Executive is the key person in execution of the project in taking decisions related to
project management.
Focal desk with focal persons/engineers has been established in each program municipalities to
support the municipalities in implementation of National Building Code.
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1.7 Expected Outputs
The project was designed under UNDP's Country Programme Action Plan (CPAP) Output -
Capacities of key line ministries, local bodies, civil societies and urban/rural communities
enhanced for planning and implementation of disaster risk management, emergency response and
early recovery with the Expected Outcome(s) of Risks of natural hazards to rural and urban
livelihoods and infrastructure reduced /disaster risk management integrated into the livelihoods
and infrastructure related sectoral plans of the government.
At the country level, the programme had set four key outputs
1. Earthquake risk, vulnerability and capacity assessment conducted in the project areas,
especially from gender and poverty perspective, to support the government and
communities;
2. Capacities of government institutions and communities living in high risk areas enhanced
to adapt and implement earthquake preparedness planning and safe construction practice
using appropriate earthquake resistant construction guidelines;
3. Capacities of the government strengthened in disaster recovery preparedness to support
enhanced recovery operations in post-disaster situations;
4. Capacities of the government developed to implement national disaster management
framework by supporting locally appropriate solutions for earthquake risk reduction
proposed by Nepal.
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1.8 Organizational set up of ERRRP Project
Project Executive Board
Senior Supplier Executive Senior Beneficiary
Representative, Government of Japan
ARR (Environment, Energy and DRR Unit) : UNDP
Joint Secretary, Ministry of Physical Planning and Works
Joint Secretaries of Ministries of Home Affairs, Physical Planning and Works and Local Development; CEOs of five earthquake prone municipalities of Nepal
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2.0 Major Achievements / Outputs
2.1 Capacity Building Trainings The project implemented various capacity building programme through training, and
sensitization, and awareness activities at different levels for earthquake safe construction. Series
of capacity building trainings on earthquake resistant design and construction of buildings have
been conducted by the Project in program municipalities. Now the municipalities have started
taking initiatives for implementation of building code at least from MRT (Mandatory of Thumbs
level) at the beginning. Out of 5 municipalities, Pokhara and Birendranagar Municipalities have
incorporated Checklists as per National Building Code in application form for building
permission and Hetauda municipality has publicly announced their commitment for the
implementation of National Building Code.
The project has conducted following capacity development trainings programs as below:
Name of Program
Municipalities Title of the Training Target Group No. of
Participants Duration /
Date
Biratnagar Sub Metropolitan
City
Training on "Earthquake Resistant
Construction of Buildings"
Supervisors 34 4 days
June 22 – 24, 2008
Training on "Structural Analysis and
Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings Using SAP 2000 and
Nepal National Building Code"
Architects, Municipal Engineers, DUDBC
Engineers and local
Consultants / Designers
27 (Female = 2)
7 days October 25 - 30,
2009
Hetauda Municipality
Training on "Earthquake Resistant
Construction of Buildings”
Masons 34 (Female = 7)
4 days September 25 –
28, 2008
Training on “Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings /
Nepal National Building Code and its
Implementation strategy”
Architects, Municipal Engineers, DUDBC
Engineers and local
Consultants / Designers
33
5 days November 26 -
30, 2009
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Pokhara Sub Metropolitan
City
Training on "Structural Analysis and
Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings Using SAP 2000 and
Nepal National Building Code"
Architects, Municipal Engineers, DUDBC
Engineers (All 5 programme municipalities
engineers)
33 (Female = 1)
7 days July 27 –
August 2, 2008
Training on "Earthquake Resistant
Construction of Buildings"
Masons 40 4 days
Feb 16 –19, 2009
Trainings related to Damage Assessment,
Vulnerability Assessment,
Retrofitting Design and Construction Techniques
Engineers (All 5 programme municipalities
engineers)
35 (Female = 1)
4 days July 19 – 22,
2009
Birendranagar Municipality
Training on “Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings /
Nepal National Building Code and its
Implementation strategy
Municipal Engineers 24
5 days November 19 –
23, 2008
Training on "Earthquake Resistant
Construction of Buildings"
Masons 32 4 days
August 28 –31, 2009
Dhangadhi Municipality
Training on "Earthquake Resistant
Construction of Buildings”
Masons 30 4 days
October 20-23, 2008
Training on "Earthquake Resistant
Construction of Buildings”
Supervisors 29 (Female = 3)
4 days June 01 –04,
2009
Total 351 (Female = 14)
(Refer Annex A)
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Photo: Practical training on Supervisor level training in Biratnagar and lectures delivering on mason training in Dhangadhi
Photo: Construction of load bearing and frame structure on earthquake resistant construction of buildings in Dhangadhi and Birendranagar
2.1.1 Training on "Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings" for supervisors and Masons
The programme municipalities in collaboration with the project team organized training on
“Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings” for masons and supervisors. A total of 136
masons and 63 supervisors trained on earthquake resistant construction of buildings. The course
was designed to upgrade the skills of existing masons, carpenters and steel fixers for construction
of earthquake-resistant houses. The course has covered in such a way that will increase
awareness, enhance the theoretical knowledge and build the capacity at the local level on
earthquake resistant construction of buildings through education, practical training, field visit,
film show, group discussion, exam of trainees and construction of technological demonstration
unit.
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Photo: Certificate Distribution to the participants
Photo: Inauguration of SAP Training in Pokhara
The main purpose of this course was to enhance the knowledge and skills of existing skilled
workforce involved in building construction business i.e. supervisors, head masons and local
petty contractors who work as head mason and overall in-charge for building construction. As
masons are the second line engineers in
construction of houses, it is most important to
provide them the basic technique of
construction of earthquake resistant buildings
along with various engineering methodology
of building construction in the seismically
active zones.
The total of 136 numbers of masons and 63
numbers of supervisors trained on earthquake
resistant construction of buildings
2.1.2 Training on "Structural Analysis and Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings Using SAP 2000 and Nepal National Building Code
The project team in collaboration with Pokhara Sub Metropolitan city and Biratnagar Sub
Metropolitan city jointly organized training on "Structural Analysis and Earthquake Resistant
Design of Buildings Using SAP 2000 computer software and Implementation of National
Building Code of Nepal" for Municipal
Engineers in Pokhara and Biratnagar.
The main objective of this training
program is to build the capacity of the
municipal engineers for the effective
implementation of Nepal National
Building Code focusing on the
structural analysis and Earthquake
Resistant Design of Buildings.
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Photo: Lectures Delivering on SAP Training in Biratnagar and Pokhara
Photo: Closing Remark in SAP Training, Pokhara
The Specific objectives of this training program were:-
To familiarize with the structural system and structural analysis of the buildings being
built in the context of Nepal.
To enhance the participants know-how on earthquake and their effects on building
structures.
To familiarize the participant with the concept of Earthquake Resistant Design of
Buildings using Nepal National Building Code and use of computer software (SAP 2000)
for analysis and design.
Enable them to check the submitted design for the compliance with the Nepal National
Building code
60 Engineers and Architects were trained on
Structural Analysis and Earthquake Resistant
Design of Buildings Using SAP 2000 and
Nepal National Building Code.
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Photo: Lectures delivering on NBC training and Remarks Speech of UNDP monitoring team in Training
2.2.3 Training on “Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings / Nepal National Building Code and its Implementation strategy
The project team in collaboration with Birendranagar Municipality and Hetauda Municipality
jointly organized training program on “Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings / Nepal
National Building Code and its Implementation strategy” for Municipal Engineers. The Nepal
National Building Code (NBC) is the first such document prepared for Nepal in 1994 and was
enacted in 2003 but it has not been implemented except three municipalities. The NBC provides
both regulations and guidelines for the construction of buildings in all areas of Nepal. In Nepal,
almost 80 percent of the total building is being built without proper structural safety
considerations. The collapse of engineered and non-engineered building during earthquakes is the
main contributor to the loss of lives, injuries to the people and economic losses. This is because of
the lack of public awareness, lack of institutional mechanism for implementation and insufficient
capacity of implementing authorities. In this context, effective enforcement of building code and
control system could be the major steps to reduce the loss of life and properties. In this regards, to
fulfill these gaps different training programs for different level of technician were conducted by
UNDP/ERRRP project.
The main objective of this training program was
To introduce and orient civil engineers, architects and designers with Earthquake
Resistant Design of Buildings / Nepal National Building Code and its implementation
strategy.
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Photo: Certificate distribution to the Participants in NBC Training
To build the capacity of the municipal engineers for the effective implementation of Nepal
National Building Code focusing on the structural analysis and earthquake resistant design
of buildings.
Enable them to check the submitted design for the compliance with the Nepal National
Building code
Familiarized with existing government and municipal policies on earthquake risk
reduction, preparedness and response hence support for implementation of NBC
To institutionalize the training and continuing education on earthquake safe design and
construction
57 Engineers and Architects were trained on Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings / Nepal
National Building Code and its Implementation strategy”
2.1.4 Trainings related to Damage Assessment, Vulnerability Assessment, Retrofitting Design and Construction Techniques
The project team in collaboration with the Pokhara Sub-Metropolitan City jointly organized
training program on “Vulnerability Assessment of Buildings / Retrofitting and Recovery
Preparedness for Municipal Engineers” in Pokhara. A total of 35 technicians from programme
municipalities were attended in the program out of which 1 was female. The Japanese experts
(Mr. Masato Ohori, Mr. Hiroshi Imai and Mr. Qaisar Ali) from ADRC facilitated the lectures
sharing the experiences and research on Safe Construction Design and Retrofitting Technique.
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Photo: Inauguration and Closing Ceremony of Retrofitting Training in Pokhara
Photo: Japanese Expert sharing the experiences on retrofitting technologies
The principal aim of the course was to create awareness about seismic hazards on structural
system among the participants and provide basic knowledge on retrofitting design and re-
strengthening of structural integrities. The objectives of the training programme are:
To familiarize with Seismic Vulnerable Assessment / Retrofitting of Buildings, find out the
buildings vulnerable against earthquake
To familiarize with different options of retrofitting design and select most appropriate
option for Masonry and RC Frame building
To aware on different available construction technologies for seismic retrofitting.
To familiarize with the municipal profile, impact of settlement pattern, land use practice
and option in high risk areas of municipalities for
recovery preparedness
To familiarize with existing government and
municipal policies on earthquake risk reduction,
preparedness and response hence support for
implementation of NBC
To share the experiences and research from
earthquake prone countries like Japan and
Pakistan
The total of 35 Engineers and Architects trained on Vulnerability Assessment, Retrofitting Design
and Recovery Preparedness.
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Photo: Sensitization on Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness to Community Members in Pokhara and Engineers in Biratnagar
2.2 Awareness Programs For a seismically vulnerable country like Nepal, to mitigate the problems due to pre and post
disaster, ERRRP focus on bottom-up approach in which house-owner and common people
becomes aware, have basic ideas on earthquake preparedness and convinced on the need to make
their residences safer against earthquake. For that the massive awareness raising program has
been conducted for community people, political leaders, house owner and technical people in all
the five program municipalities
2.2.1 Sensitization Program / Public Education and Awareness (PEA) Program
ERRRP Program jointly with program municipalities had conducted sensitization programs on
earthquake risk reduction and preparedness to municipal officials, community members and
technicians in the year 2008.
In 2009, ERRRP Program conducted mass public education and awareness programs to house
owners, local constructors, technicians on earthquake safety and preparedness. Orientation on
land use planning from the perspective of earthquake risk reduction and recovery preparedness
for the municipal officials and political representatives in 5 programme municipalities has also
conducted in PEA program to disseminate the information on earthquake risk and vulnerability
assessments, land use planning and basic applications of maps and GIS for preparedness and
mitigation planning.
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Photo: Public Education and Awareness on Earthquake Safety and Preparedness to technicians and community members
The project has conducted following sensitization / public education programs:
Name of Program
Municipalities
Title of the Sensitization / PEA
Target Group
No. of Participants Duration / Date
Biratnagr Sub Metropolitan City
Sensitization Program on “Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness”
Engineers and Sub – Engineers (NEA Biratnagar Regional Chapter)
72 (Female =1)
December 6, 2008 Half day
Public Education and Awareness (PEA) on Earthquake Safety and Preparedness for Risk Reduction
Community People
92 (Female =16)
November 1, 2009 (Half Day)
Hetauda Municipality
sensitization program on earthquake risk reduction and preparedness
Community People
120 (Female =19)
September 26, 2008 (Half Day)
PEA on Earthquake Safety and Preparedness for Risk Reduction
Engineers and Sub Engineers (NEA Hetauda Regional Chapter)
110 (Female = 4)
December 1, 2009
Pokhara Sub Metropolitan City
Sensitization Program on “Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness
Community People
54 (Female = 11)
July 31, 2008 (Half Day)
Sensitization Program on “Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness”
Engineers and Sub - Engineers
76 (Female =1)
March 14, 2009 Half day
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Birendranagar Municipality
Sensitization Program on “Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness
Community People
86 (Female =27)
November 21, 2008 (Half Day)
PEA on Earthquake Safety and Preparedness for Risk Reduction
Community People
88 (Female =19)
September 1, 2009 (Half Day)
Dhangadhi Municipality
Sensitization Program on “Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness
Community People
72 (Female =22)
October 24, 2008 (Half Day)
PEA on Earthquake Safety and Preparedness for Risk
Engineers and Sub-Engineers
100 (Female =22)
December 9, 2010 (Half Day)
Total 870
(Female =142)
(Refer Annex A)
A total of 512 local community members including municipal staff, local political leaders,
house owners, technical persons participated in Sensitization or Public Education Awareness
(PEA) on earthquake risk reduction and preparedness
A total of 358 engineers, architects, sub-engineers participated in sensitization programs or
Public Education Awareness (PEA) on Earthquake Safe Buildings, Recovery Preparedness and
Orientation on Municipal Profile / Land Use Practice in terms of Earthquake Risk and
Vulnerability
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2.2.2 Support provided to Municipalities
Based on the need assessment for logistics and equipments immediately required by the
programme municipalities to start implementation of NBC and demonstrate retrofitting technique,
the project provided following support to the five municipalities such as desk top computers,
LCD Screen, LCD Projector, Printer (four in one), Digital Camera and necessary furniture.
Photo: Logistics handed over to Birendranagar Municipality and Hetauda Municipality.
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Photo: Orientation on earthquake safety drill in Schools
Photo: Evacuating practice to the Students in open Space
2.2.3 School Earthquake Orientation and Safety Drills
The project supported Earthquake Orientation Programs and Earthquake Safety Drills in 14
Schools of Kathmandu Valley, and two programme municipalities outside Kathmandu Valley
(Birendranagar and Dhangadhi) in 2010 to create awareness among school teachers and students
on earthquake risk / preparedness and need of earthquake safety plan and to build capacity of
school teachers and students for earthquake preparedness plan and safe evacuation during
earthquake disaster through earthquake drills/exercises. Handouts of the presentation and 30 sets
of publication including other relevant materials were handed over to the school after the
orientation program.
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The total number of 1139 numbers (1106 no’s of students and 33 no’s of teachers) participated in
earthquake orientation and earthquake safety drills programs. Following table presents the
outcome of the orientation and drill programs conducted in Kathmandu valley.
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Photo: retrofitted and non retrofitted structure for pull down test.
2.2.4 Pull down Test on Existing Building
Most of the fatalities in past earthquakes have occurred due to the collapse of buildings that are
constructed using brick masonry and are considered as Non-Engineered Construction. Knowing
seismic risk of such widely available masonry buildings in the region and to identify possible
structural mitigation measures: ERRP Regional component supported to conduct a full scale-pull
down test in KTM Valley of an existing non-reinforced masonry building as part of its technical
assistance from Japan and knowledge sharing initiatives.
The purpose of the test is to investigate the potential of seismic performance of existing buildings
in a retrofitted and non retrofitted environment. The test has extended further opportunity to
review and analyze retrofitting methods for masonry building. It has expected that the test
enhanced the knowledge and technical capacity of the ERRP project teams and national
stakeholders on building retrofitting that would be disseminated and applied at the national level
project implementation. Asian Disaster Reduction Center, Japan and the ERRP project in Nepal
have been providing technical and logistical support to conduct the test.
The first "Pull-Down Test" of an existing non-retrofitted building was conducted on 15 October
in Kathmandu, Nepal. In this test, a 40-year-old building was pulled on until it fell. The main
purpose of the first experiment was to raise awareness of the threats posed by earthquakes by
allowing observers to watch how an actual masonry building which was typical in Nepal would
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Photo: First experiment of pull down test on non retrofitted building.
Photo: Second Experiment of Pull Down test on retrofitted building
Collapse in the event of a major earthquake, and to examine the strength of old houses. Many
participants from the government of Nepal, the United Nations Development Programme, ERRP
member countries, and local communities observed the experiment with strong interest. As the
intensity was carefully increased, the cracks in the wall of the house grew larger until the
structure finally collapsed.
This experiment made the stakeholders aware of how vulnerable existing buildings would be in a
major earthquake. Local newspapers gave extensive coverage to the event, helping to raise public
disaster awareness. ADRC conducted its second "Pull- Down Test" on 2-3 November to confirm
the effectiveness of the jacketing method of retrofitting as compared with non retrofitted
buildings, based on the results of the first pull-down test. The non retrofitted building used in the
first pull down test completely collapsed at an intensity of 16.3 tons, whereas the retrofitted
building used in the second test did not even crack when the intensity was raised to as high as 26
tons.
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The non-retrofitted building used for the first pull down test completely fell down by intensity
16.3 ton, whereas the retrofitted building used for the second test did not even crack when
intensity reached as much as 25 ton. This comparison clearly demonstrates that the earthquake
resistance of a building can be strengthened by applying the proposed retrofitting method
(jacketing method, steel wire mesh plus mortar coating).
2.2.5 Public Service Announcement (PSA)
A public service announcement regarding importance and implementation of Nepal National
Building Code for earthquake resistant design and construction of buildings was broadcasted for
one minute in Ujayalo FM 90 MHz from October 28, 2010 till November 27, 2010 at 8 pm during
the News Time.
2.2.6 Preparation of Video Documentary
A video documentary was developed to cover retrofitting construction technique as a good
practice to safeguard existing buildings against the possible earthquake shock, and training related
to structural vulnerability assessment/damage assessment and retrofitting along with other major
ERRRP activities. Video documentary on Good practices of ERRRP Project was aired in October
28, 2010 by Image Channel at 8:30pm for 35 minutes and again aired in January 16, 2011 by
Nepal Television at 8:30pm for 27 minutes at 7:25pm. It is in both Nepali and English version.
On the occasion of 13th Earthquake Safety Day celebrated in Nepal, the project supported to
develop a one and half hour long national level "Video Documentary Drama” on Earthquake Risk
Reduction and Preparedness, for raising awareness of the community people.
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Photo: ERRRP Brochure
Photo: Technical Posters Photo: Earthquake
Preparedness Booklet
2.2.7 Preparation and dissemination of IEC Materials
Following information, education and communication (IEC) materials were developed and
distributed to the municipalities for raising public awareness on earthquake preparedness and
earthquake resilience constructions.
project brochure
Posters on Earthquake Preparedness Planning for Family (
Nepali and English)
Earthquake Preparedness Booklet
Technical posters on
Earthquake Safer Building
Construction 3 Types (Nepali
and English)
Project Caps and T-shirts
Illustrated Guideline for
Construction of Earthquake
Safe Residential Building
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Photo: Rally during Celebration of Earthquake Safety day 2011
Photo: ERRRP Exhibition Stall in Earthquake Safety day 2011 and Distribution of IEC Materials
2.2.8 Celebration of Earthquake Safety day
Since the project was started in 2008, the project has been supporting the GoN and stakeholders
to celebrate the Earthquake Safety day in January every year. The IEC materials were distributed
to the division offices of DUDBC, program municipalities and community members for raising
earthquake awareness.
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Photo: Ward Office before and after retrofitting
2.3 Demonstrative Seismic Retrofitting Works Demonstrative seismic retrofitting of five Public Buildings, one in each program municipality,
was supported by the project. Seismic retrofitting is modification of existing structures to make
them more resistant to seismic activity, ground motion, or soil failure due to earthquakes. It is a
method to reduce hazards within households and also for general disaster. Local constructors and
masons were involved in retrofitting works. Municipal engineers/technicians were trained in
design of retrofitting structure and construction, by which they developed their capacity in
application of retrofitting techniques in Nepal. As a part of creating awareness about retrofitting
techniques, an awareness campaign was organized in each municipality, side-by-side to
ceremonies organized for handover of those buildings to respective authorities. The handover
ceremony and awareness campaigns were attended by government officials, representative of
political parties, municipal officials, journalists, chief of district level government development
officers, and others.
Following are the seismic retrofitting buildings selected and retrofitted in programme
municipalities:
2.3.1 Seismic Retrofitting of Ward No. 3 Office Building of Biratnagar Sub-Metropolitan City
The Lohani and Brothers Pvt Ltd. has successfully completed the seismic retrofitting of office
building in accordance with the specifications and drawings designed by MRB and Associates.
The total cost of the building including VAT is NRS 1,626,430.92.The project duration was from
November 15, 2009 to February 15, 2010.
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Photo: Mr. Suresh Prakash Acharya, NPD ERRRP Project speaking at the handover of retrofitting building in Hetauda
Photo: Handover Program of retrofitted ward office building in Biratnagar
The retrofitting building was officially handed over to municipality in June 24, 2010 at Sabha
Hall in Biratnagar. During the hand over program, Chief Guest, Mr. Deep Basnyat, Secretary,
MOPPW, Mr Purna Kadariya, Secretary,
MoPPW, Mr. Vijaya Singh, Assistant Country
Director, UNDP, Mr Suresh Prakash Acharya,
Joint Secretary, MoPPW, and National Program
Director, UNDP/ERRRP Project, Mr. Kamal Raj
Oandey, Joint Secretary, MoPPW, Mr. Ashok
Nath Uprety, Director General, DUDBC, Mr.
Shiva Hari Sharma, Deputy Director General,
DUDBC, Chief District Officer, political party
representatives, local people, journalist etc were
attended.
2.3.2 Seismic Retrofitting of Pushpa Lal Memorial Building at Hetauda Municipality
The Gauri Parbati Nirman Sewa Pvt. Ltd and Y. P
construction Pvt. Ltd as a contractor and Manohar Raj
Bhandari as a Consultant has successfully completed the
seismic retrofitting of pushpa Lal Memorial Library
Building at Hetauda in accordance with the
specifications and drawings designed by MRB and
Associates. The total cost of the building with VAT is
NRS 2, 826,326.28. The project duration was from
January 1, 2010 to April 30, 2010
The retrofitted building was officially handed over to municipality in November 24, 2010 at
Pushpa Lal Smirti Park in Hetauda. In Handover Program, Mr. Rudra Kumar Shrestha, regional
chief of administrative office and chief guest of the program, Mr. Suresh Prakash Acharya, Joint
Secretary, MoPPW, and National Program Director, UNDP/ERRRP Project, Mr. Bharat
Dhungana, Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Dinesh Bhattarai, Chief District Officer, Mr.Yubaraj
Subedi, Local Development Officer, Mr. Satya Narayan Shah, Civil Engineer and Focal Person of
UNDP/ERRRP Project from Hetauda Municipality, political party representatives, local people
and media persons were attended.
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Photo: Retrofitting Works and Hand over of building to municipality
Photo: Retrofication of Fire Brigade Building during the process and after completion of work.
2.3.3 Seismic Retrofitting of Fire brigade Building of Pokhara Sub- Metropolitan City
The Lohani and Brothers Pvt Ltd. has successfully completed the seismic retrofitting of Fire
Brigade Building in accordance with the specifications and drawings designed by MRB and
Associates. The total cost of the building including VAT is NRS 1, 476,694.69. The project
duration was from November 15, 2009 to March 30, 2010
The retrofitting building was officially handed over to municipality in November 15, 2010 at Fire
Brigade Building, ward number 8 in Pokhara. In Handover Program, Mr. Arjun Bahadur
Bhandari, regional chief of administrative office and chief guest of the program, Mr. Suresh
Prakash Acharya, Joint Secretary, MoPPW, and National Program Director, UNDP/ERRRP
Project, Mr. Tilak Poudel, Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Chudamani Basyal, Chief District
Officer, Mr. Shyam Jee Bastola, Civil Engineer and Focal Person of UNDP/ERRRP Project from
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Photo: Monitoring of Retrofication by ERRRP Project Team.
Photo: Handover of retrofitted Fire Brigade building in Pokhara
Pokhara Sub Metropolitan City, political party representatives, local people and media persons
were attended
2.3.4 Seismic Retrofitting Works of Shree Krishna General High School Birendranagar Municipality
The Lohani and Brothers Pvt Ltd. has successfully completed the seismic retrofitting of school
Building in accordance with the specifications and drawings designed by MRB and Associates.
The total cost of the building with VAT is NRS 4,350,496.33. The building still needs to be
handed over to the municipality. The project duration was from January 1, 2010 to November 20,
2010.
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Photo: School Building before Retrofication
Photo: Retrofitting Process and completed building after retrofication
2.3.5 Seismic Retrofitting Works of Trinagar High School, Dhangadhi Municipality
The Lohani and Brothers Pvt Ltd. has successfully completed the seismic retrofitting of school
Building in accordance with the specifications and drawings designed by MRB and Associates.
The total cost of the building including VAT is NRS 3, 806,205.67. The project duration was
from November 15, 2009 to May 30, 2010.
The retrofitting building was officially handed
over to municipality in December 9, 2010 at
Vidya Hotel in Dhangadhi. In Handover
Program, Mr. Hari Ram Koirala, regional chief
of administrative office and chief guest of the
program, Mr. Suresh Prakash Acharya, Joint
Secretary, MoPPW, and National Program
Director, UNDP/ERRRP Project, Mr. Krishna
Prasad Jaisi, Chief Executive Officer, Mr.
Amba Datta Joshi, Division Chief, DUDBC,
Mr. Deej Raj Bhatta, Civil Engineer and Focal Person of UNDP/ERRRP Project from Dhangadhi
municipality, political party representatives, local people and media persons were attended
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Photo: Building with Mobile Towers in Kalimati.
Photo: Information sharing workshop on Vulnerability of Mobile Towers
2.3 Earthquake Vulnerability of Mobile Towers and Associated Structures in Kathmandu Valley
Communication plays a vital role in recovery works after a disaster like an earthquake by aiding
in damage assessments, coordinating responses and relief logistics. When stricken by a
catastrophic natural disaster such as an earthquake, the efficiency of disaster response operation is
very critical to life saving and recovery process. There are more than 1000 mobile tower stations
in Kathmandu Valley belonging to three major telecom operators (NDCL, NTC, Ncell), most of
them are installed on roof tops of tall, often un-engineered buildings. Mobile companies plan to
double this number by next year. Till date there is no mechanism in place for checking these
towers and associated buildings for earthquake safety. Owing to the substantial contribution of
mobile communication in disasters, UNDP/ERRRP project has taken an initiation towards
minimizing the vulnerability of mobile communication in disasters such as an earthquake by
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assessing different types of mobile towers and associated structures using simple assessment tools
to investigate the scenario of the mushrooming mobile tower structures in Kathmandu Valley. For
the same purpose, 19 towers belonging to different mobile tower operators were visited and
assessed using FEMA 310 checklists.
The different level of recommendation and inputs were taken from stakeholders through Ministry
Level Interaction Programme on Mobile Tower and Information Sharing Workshop on
earthquake vulnerability of mobile towers and associated structures in Kathmandu Valley.
Support and recommendations for endorsement of “NTC Guidelines on Erection of Antenna
Structures and Protection from Non-Ionizing Radiation from Radio Base Stations”
Initiation to incorporation of “Seismic vulnerability assessment of private and public
buildings Part I: Pre disaster vulnerability assessment” in NTA guideline on “Erection of
antenna structures and protection from non-ionizing radiation from radio base stations” and
capacity building of the telecom operators for using the assessment guideline to aid in
selection of building for antenna structure installation.
Inclusion of safety requirements for installation of communication towers on buildings in
code or act
Initiation for setting up an Emergency response network mechanism among mobile tower
operators for continuation of communication service during disasters and using the mobile
network to create an information system whereby information is disseminated to the public
more effectively.
2.4 Preparation of Reports and Guidelines
The project supported to conduct several studies and assessment during its implementation as
below, and produced several reports required by DUDBC / MoPPW / porgramme municipalities
to help them reduce urban risks including earthquakes.
2.4.1 Municipal Profiles in terms of Earthquake Risk and Vulnerability of program
municipalities
This document presents the context seismic hazard in the study region and assesses the
earthquake vulnerability of the buildings, infrastructures and population. Based on the
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vulnerability assessment, preparedness plan is proposed for effective earthquake disaster risk
management.
2.4.2 Report on Impact of settlement Pattern, land use practice and option in high risk areas
of program municipalities
The report “Impact of Settlement Pattern, Land Use Practice and Options in High Risk Areas”
was prepared in relation to earthquake vulnerability. The report gives an overview of urban
development and land use change pattern with respect to earthquake hazards.
Based on this scenario study, risk sensitive land use plan is recommended as a key component of
municipal land use policy and regulations. These profiles and reports have been translated into
Nepali language, and widely disseminated to municipalities and other concerned stakeholders.
Maps on open spaces and access route for Earthquake evacuation for each municipality have also
been produced.
2.4.3 Seismic Vulnerability Evaluation Guideline for Private and Public Building (For pre
disaster vulnerability and post disaster damage assessment)
The document provides guidance on seismic evaluation procedure of common buildings in Nepal
and the region and includes processes for qualitative as well as more detailed analysis and
evaluation. The document further discusses about feasible retrofitting measures applicable to
existing buildings identified as seismically deficient. The results of assessment is expected to help
house owners and the engineers find suitable means to mitigate the damages in case the probable
performance of the existing building is found not within the acceptable limit of Life Safety.
2.4.4 Review report on Existing Government and Municipal Policies on Earthquake Risk
Reduction, Preparedness and Response
The report reviews existing government and municipal policies and regulations on earthquake
preparedness and response and recommends necessary amendments and options for future
policies.
2.4.5 Recommendation report for updated of Nepal National Building Code
The report includes a) reviews technical additions, alterations and modifications, to be made in
the current code, b) study, analysis and justify for update of the Code, c) review general practice
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of NNBC implementation in some municipalities (Kathmandu and Lalitpur), and d) study the
effectiveness of implementation of NNBC in construction. The report serves as base for updating
of the Building Code by the Government.
2.4.6 Recovery principles and Guideline
The report presents objectives, methodologies, lessons from the recent disasters and aims to
propose principles, strategies and made recommendations for effective disaster recovery plan for
Nepal.
2.4.7 Training Manual on Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings / Nepal National
Building Code and its Implementation Strategy
The manual includes standard training curriculum and preparation of ready to use training
material in Instructor workbook, participants work book, participant’s slides and lessons plan.
2.4.8 Mason Training Guideline, Mason Training Manual on Earthquake Resistant
Construction of Buildings
The mason training guideline is prepared to promote safer construction by providing standard
guidelines for mason training in achieving earthquake risk reduction. The mason training manual
introduces the basic principles of earthquake resistant construction and also includes construction
exercises of building sub-assemblage. It provides detail lesson plans with power point
presentations and detail description of each and every step that are required to be done during
training sessions. It also gives guidance to the trainer to make it interactive. In addition,
schedules; tools, equipment, materials; and all other preparatory works required to be done before
or during the training programs are also described in detail in the manual. The training Guidelines
and manuals have been prepared based on the training programs conducted to standardize the
training curricula.
2.4.9 Documentation of Indigenous Knowledge and Technologies for Safer buildings
This is a documentation of indigenous technologies that have been used for building construction
in the past and their contribution towards making the building safer to earthquakes and other
natural calamities.
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Map 2: Five South Asian Regions: Bhutan, Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Pakistan
Photo: Discussion of NBC update report with Japanese Experts and ERRRP Nepal Team
3.0 Regional Initiatives The project was strongly supported the member countries technically to benefit from cross
country learning experiences through its Regional Initiative conducted under the regional
component of the programme at SA level. The regional component supported each country in
addressing specific national level risk reduction issues from the experience gained by other
countries in the region. The
regional component of the
project supported both a)
Country level projects to
support the national disaster
management framework of
countries, and b)
Coordination support
initiatives for Regional
sharing of experience among
and Technical Assistance for
regional and country level
projects.
The regional component has been undertaken in collaboration with SAARC Disaster
Management Centre (SDMC) and other regional partners. The ERRP is divided into "regional
programmes," which cut across five countries to
achieve the goal of promoting information
sharing and cooperation, and "country
programmes," which are tailored to meet the
needs of individual countries.
The Regional component helped acquire
international technical assistance from regional
and international institutions, particularly from
ADRC, Japan for conducting the Pull down test
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and capacity building activities. The ADRC experts supported implementation of ERRP through
providing technical guidance in review of NNBC.
The regional component of ERRRP conducted four regional workshops which were participated
by ERRRP Nepal team. ERRP Regional Workshop Nepal (August 10-12, 2008), Pakistan (April
28-30, 2009), Delhi (July 29-31, 2009) and Bangladesh December 7-12 2009). These workshops
brought the country teams' together to explore and facilitate process of information and
knowledge exchange, and initiate technical cooperation across the countries.
Photo: 1st ERRRP Regional Workshop in Kathmandu
Photo: UNDP, ERRRP and Government Officials participated in ERRP Regional Workshop in Delhi
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4.0 Financial Status of the Project The project was mainly funded by Japanese government's fund and UNDP resources for the
period of 2008/10. After the completion of Japanese fund supported activities in July 2010,
considering the effectiveness of the programme and government's request for further support to
allow smooth closure of the programme, the programme was extended for a period of July –
December 2010 from UNDP’s financial support. Following tables provides a summary of total
expenditure made by the project till December 2010.
Status of Expenditure
Year Japan Fund UNDP Fund Total
2008 187,763.00 - 187,763.00
2009 177,645.47 127,299.21 304,944.68
2010 237,280.44 117,688.76 354,969.20
Total 602,688.91 244,987.97 847,676.88
(Refer Annex D)
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Photo: Celebrating World Habitat Day 2010
5.0 Results in Gender Equality, Women’s Empowerment, and Social Inclusion
The project adopted gender and socially inclusive approach for overall implementation of the
programme, particularly in implementation of training and awareness activities. The training
curricula were designed to take account of differential needs of male and female participants
coming from socially marginalized community. Special care was given in selection of trainers
and participants from female and diverse groups. Altogether 3 women were chosen as facilitators
to conduct technical training whereas 14 numbers of women participants participated in the
training. (Refer 2.1). Also during awareness campaign at municipality and national levels
conducted by the programme, a wide range of stakeholders from diverse social groups
participated in the program. There was a substantive participation of women (142) in PEA
programs conducted in program municipalities. Similarly a total of 571 women teachers and
school girls participated in earthquake safety Programs (Earthquake Orientation and Earthquake
Safety Drills) conducted in various schools within Kathmandu Valley, and Birendranagar and
Dhangadhi Municipalities outside Kathmandu Valley. (Refer 2.2 and 2.2.3)
6.0 Partnership
ERRRP supported to celebrate Earthquake Safety Day and World Habitat Day in partnership with
the several government institutions, UN Agencies, specialized institutions such as NSET and
academic institutions (Universities and research based institutes). The project, in partnership with
Nepal Engineer’s Association, conducted various public education and sensitization programmes
in programme municipalities.
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7.0 Lessons Learned / Challenges
• Low level of technical capacity at municipalities, and little awareness among the general
public about earthquake safe construction and implementation of NBC has been the main
reason behind poor quality of building construction. To address this, the project developed
several training manuals and guidelines to be used as tool for skill
transformation/enhancement at various levels, as well as IEC materials for creating public
awareness. The municipalities need to carry out capacity building trainings and awareness
programs on regular basis.
• Since the municipalities vary in their capacities (technical, human resource, financial, etc) to
respond to hazards and implement NBC, any support programme must be designed based on
specific and real capacity needs of the municipalities.
• The programme implementation greatly suffered from frequent transfer of the government
officials, particularly the municipal chief executives, during project period. To avoid this, the
project supported to establish focal desks in each municipality and engage with a team of
professionals working in the municipalities.
• There is a felt need for greater collaboration between municipalities, who have mandates of
issuing building permits, and DUDBC who has mandates for implementing NBC. The limited
capacity of municipality to fully implement NBC needs to be fulfilled by greater collaboration
with DUDBC and its divisional offices.
• There are no specific norms, design standards for retrofitting works in Nepal to make
retrofitting work cost effective and pragmatic. Lessons learnt from ERRRPP supported
retrofitting works need to be further used to develop cost-effective retrofitting techniques for
Nepal based on the conditions of the buildings.
8.0 Way Forward • Because of lack of technical capacity of municipalities in Nepal to implement National
Building Code (only 4 municipalities out of 58 are implementing National Building Code)
more capacity building trainings are needed to municipal technicians, and awareness raising
for general public.
• Given the limited technical human resource within the municipalities to fully comply with
NNBC, application of Mandatory Rules of Thumb (MRT) would have been a most easy
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solution in fast implementation of NNBC as it provides pre-engineered, ready-made design
for building construction. However, the current NNBC only covers MRT for residential
buildings up to three- storey in height, while most of new buildings in the municipalities are
constructed upto 4 to 5 storey. It is highly recommended to prepare and publish MRT for
buildings up to 5 storey’s in height in standard practices format.
• One of the main causes in poor implementation of NNBC is lack of curriculum on National
Building Code and earthquake-resistant design in diploma-level and under-graduate
engineering courses. A partnership program with engineering institutions will help to fulfill
this lacuna.
• Good lessons learnt from ERRRP in 5 municipalities needs to be replicated to all 58
municipalities in the country with the 5 ERRRP municipalities serving as resource centers for
other municipalities for implementation of NNBC.
• ERRRP Project has supported to develop several training guidelines and manuals pertaining
to earthquake resistant design and construction. These training manuals/guidelines need to be
used for national level training purposes.
• Developing standard retrofitting techniques suited to local context, and massive follow up
capacity building trainings about such techniques are felt necessary.
• The project supported to review NNBC and help publish "Recommendation for update of
Nepal National Building Code" as a basis for further amendment of NNBC. The DUDBC and
MoPPW need to take urgent actions for future amendment of NBC based on the report
recommendations.
• Following reports developed and published with the support of the project needs to be further
used for the purpose of technical training given to engineers and the architects working in
municipalities, DUDBC and other relevant agencies to develop their overall technical
capacity on risk reduction techniques.
• Seismic Vulnerability Assessment Guidelines (pre and post)
• Recovery Principles and Guidelines
• Preparation of Risk Sensitive Land use Planning for municipalities
• Inclusion of Vulnerability Assessment Guidelines and Permit System of Mobile towers
• So far NNBC only covers safe construction buildings, and there is no specific seismic
standard developed to be used for bridges, hospitals and other infrastructures.
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Annex A: List of ERRRP Documents Produced
(Refer ERRRP Website: www.errrp.org.np for all the soft copy of the reports)) Field Visit and Municipal Level Meeting Reports
1. A Report on Field Visit and Municipality Level Meeting in Biratnagar Sub- Metropolitan City (June, 2008)
2. A Report on Field Visit and Municipality Level Meeting in Dhangadi Municipality(June, 2008)
3. A Report on Field Visit and Municipality Level Meeting in Pokhara Sub- Metropolitan City (June, 2008)
4. A Report on Field Visit and Municipality Level Meeting in Birendranagar Municipality (June, 2008)
5. A Report on Field Visit and Municipality Level Meeting in Hetauda Municipality (June, 2008)
Follow Up report
1. A Follow up Municipal Level Meeting Report in Biratnagar Sub- Metropolitan City (June 3, 2008
2. A Follow up Municipal Level Meeting Report in Hetauda Municipality (July 17, 2008) 3. A Follow up Municipal Level Meeting Report in Pokhara Sub- Metropolitan City (June
15, 2008) Training Plans
1. Training Plan for Organizing Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Supervisors June 22-24, 2008, Biratnagar , Nepal
2. Training Plan for Organizing "Structural Analysis and Earthquake Resistant Design of
Buildings Using SAP 2000 and Nepal National Building Code" for Municipal Engineers (July 27 – August 2, 2008), Pokhara, Nepal
3. Training Plan for Organizing Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Masons
Sept 25 – Sept 28, 2008 Hetauda, Nepal
4. Training Plan for Organizing Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Masons Oct 20 – Oct 23, 2008, Dhangadhi, Nepal
5. Training Plan for Organizing Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings / Nepal National Building Code and its Implementation Strategy for Municipal Engineers (Nov 19 – Nov 23, 2008, Birendranagar, Nepal
6. Training Plan for Organizing “Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Masons” February 16 to February 19, 2009 Pokhara, Nepal
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7. Training Plan for Organizing Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Supervisors June 01 – June 04, 2009 Dhangadhi, Nepal
8. Training Plan for Organizing “Vulnerability Assessment of Buildings / Retrofitting and Recovery Preparedness” for Municipal Engineers July 19 – July 22, 2009 Pokhara, Nepal
9. Training Plan for Organizing “Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings” for Masons August 28 – August 31, 2009 Birendranagar, Nepal
10. Training Plan for Organizing Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings / Nepal National Building Code and its Implementation Strategy for Municipal Engineers November 26 – 30, 2009 Hetauda, Nepal
Training Reports
1. Training Report on Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Supervisors in Biratnagar Sub-Metropolitan City (June 22-24, 2008)
2. Training Report on "Structural Analysis and Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings
Using SAP 2000 and Nepal National Building Code" for Municipal Engineers in Pokhara Sub Metropolitan City (July 27 – August 2, 2008)
3. Training Report on Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Masons in
Hetauda Municipality (Sept 25 – Sept 28, 2008)
4. Training Report on Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Masons in Dhangadhi Municipality (Oct 20 – Oct 23, 2008)
5. Training Report on Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings / Nepal National Building Code and its Implementation Strategy for Municipal Engineers in Birendranagar Municipality (Nov 19 – Nov 23, 2008)
6. Report of Training Program on Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for
Masons in Pokhara February 16 - 19, 2009
7. Report of the Training Program on Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Supervisors in Dhangadhi June 01 - 04, 2009
8. Report of the Training Program on Vulnerability Assessment of Buildings / Retrofitting and Recovery Preparedness for Municipal Engineers in Pokhara July 19 – 22, 2009
9. Report of Training Program on Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Masons in Birendranagar August 28 - 31, 2009
ERRRP Project Completion Report
U N D P / E R R R P P r o j e c t 4 4
10. Report of the Training Program on Structural Analysis and Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings Using SAP 2000 and Implementation of National Building Code of Nepal for Municipal Engineers in Biratnagar October 25 – 30, 2009
11. Report of the Training Program on Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings / Nepal
National Building Code and its Implementation Strategy for Municipal Engineers in Hetauda November 26 – 30, 2009
Sensitization / PEA Reports
1. Sensitization Report on "Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness" for Architects, Engineers and Sub-Engineers in Biratnagar Sub Metropolitan City (Dec 6, 2008)
2. Sensitization Report on "Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness" for Municipal Officials and Community Members in Birendranagar Municipality (November 21, 2008)
3. Sensitization Report on "Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness" for Municipal Officials and Community Members in Dhangadhi Municipality (October 24, 2008)
4. Sensitization Report on "Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness" for Municipal
Officials and Community Members in Hetauda Municipality (September 26, 2008)
5. Sensitization Report on "Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness" for Municipal Officials and Community Members in Pokhara Sub Metropolitan City (July 31, 2008)
6. Report of the Public Education and Awareness (PEA) on Earthquake Safety and Preparedness for Risk Reduction in Biratnagar: Target Group: Technical Persons, House Owners including Community Members and Municipal Staff November 1, 2009
7. Report of the Public Education and Awareness (PEA) on Earthquake Safe Buildings,
Recovery Preparedness and Orientation on Municipal Profile / Land Use Practice in terms of Earthquake Risk and Vulnerability in Birendranagar Target Group: Municipal Engineers, Technical Persons, House Owners including Community Members and Municipal Staff September 1, 2009
8. Report of the Public Education and Awareness (PEA) on Earthquake Safety and
Preparedness for Risk Reduction in Hetauda Target Group: Engineers and Sub-Engineers December 1, 2009
9. Report of the Sensitization Program on Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness in
Pokhara Target Group: Engineers and Sub-Engineers March 14, 2009
10. Final Report on Conduction of Earthquake Orientation Programs and Earthquake Safety Drills in Schools of Nepal (10 in Kathmandu Valley, 2 in Dhangadhi and 2 in Surkhet)
ERRRP Project Completion Report
U N D P / E R R R P P r o j e c t 4 5
Study Reports
1. Preparation of Municipal Profile in terms of earthquake Risk and vulnerability and report
on “Impact of Settlement pattern, land use practice and option in high risk areas of five
programme municipalities.
2. Structural Vulnerability Assessments and Structural Design for Seismic Retrofitting works
of Existing Public building in five programme municipalities
3. Preparation of review report on existing government and municipal policies on earthquake
risk reduction, preparedness and response
4. Preparation of recommendation report for update of Nepal National Building Code.
5. Preparation of Seismic Vulnerability Evaluation Guideline for Private and Public Building
(For pre disaster vulnerability and post disaster damage assessment
6. Preparation of Recovery Principle and Guideline
7. Preparation of Training Manual on Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings / Nepal
National Building Code and its Implementation strategy
8. Preparation of Mason Training Guideline and Mason Training Manual on Earthquake
Resistant Construction of Buildings
9. Documentation of indigenous knowledge and technology for safer building
10. Report on Earthquake Vulnerability of Mobile Towers and Associated Structures in Kathmandu Valley
Nepali and English Translation of Study Reports
1. Translation of “Recommendation Report for Update of Nepal National Building Code”
into Nepali Language
2. Translation of Review Report on Existing Government and Municipal Policies on
Earthquake Risk Reduction, Preparedness and Response into Nepali
3. Translation of Building Act – 2055 and Building Regulation -2066 into English
4. Seismic Vulnerability Evaluation guideline for public and Private Building (Pre disaster
vulnerability and post disaster damage assessment into Nepali
5. Translation of Municipal Profile in terms of earthquake Risk and vulnerability and report
on “Impact of Settlement pattern, land use practice and option in high risk areas of five
programme municipalities in to Nepali
ERRRP Project Completion Report
U N D P / E R R R P P r o j e c t 4 6
Annex B: List of Trainings, Sensitization / PEA program Conducted List of Trainings
1. Training Program on Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Supervisors in Biratnagar Sub-Metropolitan City (June 22-24, 2008)
2. Training Program on "Structural Analysis and Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings
Using SAP 2000 and Nepal National Building Code " for Municipal Engineers in Pokhara Sub Metropolitan City (July 27 – August 2, 2008)
3. Training Program on Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Masons in Hetauda Municipality (Sept 25 – Sept 28, 2008)
4. Training Program on Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Masons in Dhangadhi Municipality (Oct 20 – Oct 23, 2008)
5. Training Program on Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings / Nepal National Building Code and its Implementation Strategy for Municipal Engineers in Birendranagar Municipality (Nov 19 – Nov 23, 2008)
6. Training Program on Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Masons in Pokhara February 16 - 19, 2009
7. Training Program on Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Supervisors in Dhangadhi June 01 - 04, 2009
8. Training Program on Vulnerability Assessment of Buildings / Retrofitting and Recovery Preparedness for Municipal Engineers in Pokhara July 19 – 22, 2009
9. Training Program on Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Masons in
Birendranagar August 28 - 31, 2009
10. Training Program on Structural Analysis and Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings Using SAP 2000 and Implementation of National Building Code of Nepal for Municipal Engineers in Biratnagar October 25 – 30, 2009
11. Training Program on Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings / Nepal National Building
Code and its Implementation Strategy for Municipal Engineers in Hetauda November 26 – 30, 2009
ERRRP Project Completion Report
U N D P / E R R R P P r o j e c t 4 7
List of Sensitization / PEA Program conducted
1. Sensitization Program on "Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness" for Architects, Engineers and Sub-Engineers in Biratnagar Sub Metropolitan City (Dec 6, 2008)
2. Sensitization Program on "Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness" for Municipal Officials and Community Members in Birendranagar Municipality (November 21, 2008)
3. Sensitization Program on "Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness" for Municipal Officials and Community Members in Dhangadhi Municipality (October 24, 2008)
4. Sensitization Program on "Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness" for Municipal
Officials and Community Members in Hetauda Municipality (September 26, 2008)
5. Sensitization Program on "Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness" for Municipal Officials and Community Members in Pokhara Sub Metropolitan City (July 31, 2008)
6. Sensitization Program on Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness in Pokhara Target Group: Engineers and Sub-Engineers March 14, 2009
7. Public Education and Awareness (PEA) on Earthquake Safe Buildings, Recovery Preparedness and Orientation on Municipal Profile / Land Use Practice in terms of Earthquake Risk and Vulnerability in Birendranagar Target Group: Municipal Engineers, Technical Persons, House Owners including Community Members and Municipal Staff September 1, 2009
8. Public Education and Awareness (PEA) on Earthquake Safety and Preparedness for Risk Reduction in Biratnagar: Target Group: Technical Persons, House Owners including Community Members and Municipal Staff November 1, 2009
9. Public Education and Awareness (PEA) on Earthquake Safety and Preparedness for Risk
Reduction in Hetauda Target Group: Engineers and Sub-Engineers December 1, 2009
10. Public Education and Awareness (PEA) on Earthquake Safety and Preparedness for Risk Reduction in Dhangadhi Target Group: Engineers and Sub-Engineers December 9, 2010
11. Earthquake Orientation Programs and Earthquake Safety Drills in 14 Schools of Nepal. 2010
ERRRP Project Completion Report
U N D P / E R R R P P r o j e c t 4 8
Annex C: List of ERRRP Project Personnel
Name Position Held E- Mail Address Join Date Left Date
Mr. Suresh Prakash Acharya
National Programme Director
acharyasp@hotmail.com March 11, 2009
March 31, 2011
Mr. Sagar Krishna Joshi
National Programme Manager
nsjoshi1@gmail.com
npm@errrp.org.np Dec 15, 2009
March 31, 2011
Ms. Chandra Laxmi Hada
Project Engineer - Training
clhada@yahoo.com
clhada@errrp.org.np April 1, 2008
March 31, 2011
Mr. Randhir Kumar Singh
Field Coordinator & Project Assistant
randhir_04@yahoo.co.in
randhir@errrp.org.np Feb 1, 2008
March 31, 2011
Mr. Tam Bahadur Karki
Driver Feb 1, 2008 March 31,
2011
Mr. Ram Sharan Thapa
Messenger ram@errrp.org.np
ram_thapa33@yahoo.com Feb 1, 2008
January31, 2011
Mr. Niyam Maharjan Project Engineer -
Structure
Niyam2001@gmail.com
April 1, 2008 Dec 31, 2010
Ms. Liva Shrestha Project Engineer -
Structure livashrestha@hotmail.com August 10,
2010 Dec 31, 2010
Mr. Laxman Raja Shrestha
Admin Finance Associate
lrshrestha@hotmail.com Feb 1, 2008 Dec 31, 2010
Mr. Amrit Man Tuladhar
National Programme Manager
Feb 1, 2008 Dec 14, 2010
Mr. Om Dharananada Rajopadhaya
National Programme Director
Dec 7, 2008 Feb 1, 2009
Mr. Kishore Thapa National Programme
Director Feb 1, 2008 Nov 30, 2008
ERRRP Project Completion Report
1
Annex D: Activity Result wise Expenditure
Particulars 2008 2009 2010 Grand Total
Japan Fund
UNDP Fund
Total % Japan Fund
UNDP Fund
Total % Japan Fund
UNDP Fund
Total % Japan Fund
UNDP Fund
Total %
Activity Result : 1 Earthquake risk, vulnerability and capacity assessment conducted in the project areas
20,595.99
20,596
11
14,173
25,227
39,400
13 4,257
9,214
13,471
4 39,026
34,440
73,466
9
Activity Result 2.Capacities of government institutions and communities enhanced to adapt and implement earthquake preparedness planning and safe construction practice
65,243.81
65,244
35
63,605
33,424
97,029
32 41,036
19,472
60,508
17 169,885
52,897
222,781
26
Activity Result 3: Capacity of the government strengthened in disaster recovery preparedness
1,591.80
1,592
1
17,569
3,484
21,053
7 5,545
127
5,671
2 24,705
3,611
28,316
3
Activity Result 4 Capacities of the government developed to implement national disaster management framework by supporting locally appropriate solutions for earthquake risk reduction proposed by Nepal
6,267.78
6,268
3
14,754
47,270
62,024
20 142,434
48,967
191,402
54 163,456
96,238
259,693
31
Programme Support 89,262.04
89,262
48
64,610
17,642
82,251
27 44,206
39,654
83,859
24 198,078
57,295
255,373
30
Monitoring and Communication
- 7,413
7,413
2 - 7,413
- 7,413
1
Realised/Unrealised Gain &L oss
4,801.09
4,801
3
(4,479)
253
(4,479)
(1)
(197)
255
58
0 125
508
633
0
Total 187,762.51
- 187,763
100
177,645
127,299
304,692
100 237,280
117,689
354,969
100 602,688
244,988
847,676
100
Japan Fund Expenditure
in % 71.10
UNDP Fund Expenditure
in % 28.90
U N D P / E R R R P P r o j e c t 4 9
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