project completion report earthquake risk...

PROJECT COMPLETION REPORT

Earthquake Risk Reduction and Recovery Preparedness Programme for Nepal

(October 2007 – December 2010)

January 2011

Submitted by:

Government of Nepal Ministry of Physical Planning and Works

Department of Urban Development and Building Construction Earthquake Risk Reduction and Recovery Preparedness

Programme for Nepal (UNDP/ ERRRP‐Project: NEP/07/010) Babarmahal, Kathmandu, Nepal

Ph. (977‐1) 4262474 | Fax. (977‐1) 4262431 | GPO Box No. 26004, Kathmandu E‐mail: [email protected] | website: www.errrp.org.np

ERRRP Project Completion Report

U N D P / E R R R P P r o j e c t 2

Table of Contents

ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................................................. i

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ....................................................................................................................... ii

Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................... 1

1.0 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 1

1.1 Overview of the ERRRP Project ............................................................................................... 2

1.2 Project Details .......................................................................................................................... 2

1.3 Objectives ................................................................................................................................ 3

1.4 Implementing Organizations and it’s roles ............................................................................. 3

1.5 Program municipalities ............................................................................................................ 4

1.6 Management Arrangements ................................................................................................... 5

1.7 Expected Outputs .................................................................................................................... 6

1.8 Organizational set up of ERRRP Project .................................................................................. 7

2.0 Major Achievements / Outputs .................................................................................................. 8

2.1 Capacity Building Trainings ...................................................................................................... 8

2.2 Awareness Programs ............................................................................................................. 16

2.3 Demonstrative Seismic Retrofitting Works ........................................................................... 27

2.3 Earthquake Vulnerability of Mobile Towers and Associated Structures in Kathmandu Valley32

2.4 Preparation of Reports and Guidelines ................................................................................. 33

3.0 Regional Initiatives .................................................................................................................... 36

4.0 Financial Status of the Project .................................................................................................. 38

5.0 Results in Gender Equality, Women’s Empowerment, and Social Inclusion ............................ 39

6.0 Partnership ................................................................................................................................ 39

7.0 Lessons Learned / Challenges ................................................................................................... 40

8.0 Way Forward ............................................................................................................................. 40

Annex A: List of ERRRP Documents Produced ................................................................................ 42

Annex B: List of Trainings, Sensitization / PEA program Conducted .............................................. 46

Annex C: List of ERRRP Project Personnel ....................................................................................... 48

Annex D: Activity Result wise Expenditure ..................................................................................... 49



i

ABBREVIATIONS

ADRC Asian Disaster Reduction Center

BCPR Bureau of Crisis Prevention and Recovery

DUDBC Department of Urban Development and Building Constructions

ERRRP Earthquake Risk Reduction and Recovery Preparedness Programme

GoN Government of Nepal,

HFA Hyogo Framework for Action

IEC Information Education and Communication

IRP International Recovery Platform

ISDR International Strategy for Disaster Reduction

MRT Mandatory Rules of Thumb

MoHA Ministry of Home Affairs:

MoLD Ministry of Local Development,

MoPPW Ministry of Physical planning and Works

NIM National Implementation project

NNBC Nepal National Building Code

NPD National Program Director

NPM National Program Manager

OB Outcome Board

PEB Project Executive Board

PEA Public Education and Awareness

RMG Results Management Guide

SAARC South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation

SDMC SAARC Disaster Management Centre

UNDP United Nations Development Programme

U N D P / E R R R P P r o j e c t i


U N D P / E R R R P P r o j e c t i i

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ERRRP Project was implemented by the MoPPW in close coordination with MoLD, MoHA and Programme Municipalities with the financial support of Government of Japan and UNDP-Nepal. This being a NIM project of UNDP, the implementation responsibility of the project is MoPPW/ DUDBC. Nepal lies in the eleventh position in the list of most vulnerable countries of the world in terms earthquake hazard. This program helped to strengthen the institutional and community level capacity to plan and implement earthquake risk reduction and disaster recovery preparedness in the country through capacity building, public education and awareness, retrofitting demonstration unit and preparation of study reports for building safe cities against seismic risk in 5 Programme municipalities of Nepal

Express my gratitude to Mr. Kishore Thapa, former National Programme Director, UNDP/ERRRP Project and Secretary, Ministry of Tourism and Civil Aviation, Mr Om Dharananda Rajopadhaya, former National programme Director, UNDP/ERRRP Project, Mr. Ashok Nath Uprety, Director General, DUDBC, Mr Amrit Man Tuladhar, Former National Program Manager, ERRRP Project, Mr. Vijaya Singh, Assistant Country Director, UNDP, Nepal, Mr. Sohel Khan, Regional Coordinator, ERRRP Project, Mr. Ghulam Mohyudin Sherani, Disaster Management Specialist, UNDP, Mr. Om Shankar Mulmi, Program Officer, UNDP, Mr. Rudra Neupane, Project Officer, UNDP for extending their sincere cooperation in the smooth implementation and management of ERRRP Project.

I would like to use this opportunity to sincerely appreciate and express gratitude to Mr. Suresh Prakash Acharya, Joint Secretary, MoPPW and National Programme Director, UNDP/ERRRP Project for his consistent support provided throughout the project duration in making this project remarkable. I am grateful to MoPPW, DUDBC, MoLD, MoHA and the Programme Municipalities: Biratnagar Sub-Metropolitan City, Hetauda Municipality, Pokhara Sub-Metropolitan City, Birendranagar Municipality and Dhangadhi Municipality for their support and valuable help.

I would like to thank all the ERRRP colleagues, especially Ms. Chandra Laxmi Hada, Project Engineer - Training and Mr. Randhir Kumar Singh, Project Assistant who helped and gave me support at critical junctures during the making to this Project Completion Report.

Last but not the least, financial support for the project form Government of Japan and UNDP is gratefully acknowledged. Thanks to the representatives of the donor agency Government of Japan and UNDP Nepal.

Sagar Krishna Joshi

Senior Divisional Engineer, DUDBC and

National Programme Manager, UNDP/ERRRP Project


1

Executive Summary

Earthquake Risk Reduction and Recovery Preparedness (ERRRP) program was initiated by

UNDP/BCPR (Bureau of Crisis Prevention and Recovery) with the support of the government of

Japan. ERRRP Project was implemented by the Ministry of Physical Planning and Works

(MoPPW) in close coordination with Ministry of Local Development (MoLD), Ministry of Home

Affairs (MoHA) and Programme Municipalities. The Department Urban Development &

Building Construction (DUDBC) is one of the departments of MoPPW mandated to implement

Nepal National Building Code throughout the country.

The project was a timely intervention aiming to strengthen the institutional capacities at all levels

for reducing seismic risks, and to plan and implement earthquake risk reduction and disaster

recovery preparedness measures in selected municipalities. The project has greatly contributed to

earthquake preparedness planning and safe construction practices for new buildings and

retrofitting of existing poorly constructed unsafe buildings in Nepal. Mainly the project enhanced

the skills of construction engineers, architects and masons about safe building design and

construction. One of the program municipalities has already commenced implementation of

National Building Code, while others are in the process of commencing the same in near future.

The project further supported to conduct several studies and assessments related to urban seismic

risks, safe construction practices, and vulnerability of mobile telephone towers, test and

demonstration of retrofitting techniques. Apart from that the project helped the government to

produce several reports required by DUDBC / MoPPW / porgramme municipalities such as

training guideline and manuals for earthquake resistant design and construction of buildings,

review of existing NNBC, seismic vulnerability evaluation guideline, recovery preparedness

guideline, municipal profiles of earthquake vulnerability, report on review of municipal policies

about NNBC, documentation of indigenous knowledge about safer construction, and several IEC

materials about earthquake preparedness and safe building construction.

Following the contributions made by the project in achieving the national goal of reducing

seismic risks in Nepal, on request of the Government of Nepal, UNDP put additional resources to

extend the project beyond July 2010 till end of December 2010. The GoN has shown high

commitments to implement good practices learnt from the project in future.




1.0 Introduction

1.1 Overview of the ERRRP Project The Earthquake Risk Reduction and Recovery Preparedness Programme (ERRRP‐Project) has been

designed in line with the priorities identified under Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) 2005-

2015: (World Conference on Disaster Reduction : Jan. 2005 Kobe, Japan) in partnership with

International Recovery Programme (IRP). The UNDP/BCPR (Bureau of Crisis Prevention and

Recovery) with the support of Government of Japan initiated an Earthquake Risk Reduction and

Recovery Preparedness (ERRRP) program in five high risk South Asian countries: Nepal,

Bhutan, Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. The ERRRP project in Nepal is a part of the five country

regional programme in South Asia that seeks to support regional cooperation through knowledge

sharing and development of best practices in the context of the SAARC Comprehensive

Framework on Disaster Management agreed in February 2006.

The country programme is designed to strengthen the institutional and community level capacity

to plan and implement earthquake risk reduction strategies and disaster recovery preparedness in

Nepal, a country that stands at 11th rank in the world with respect to vulnerability to earthquake

hazards (BCPR, 2004).

ERRRP Project was implemented by the Ministry of Physical Planning and Works (MoPPW) in

close coordination with Ministry of Local Development (MoLD), Ministry of Home Affairs

(MoHA) and Programme Municipalities with the financial support of Government of Japan and

UNDP-Nepal. The project has carried out various activities related to Earthquake safe

constructions, Earthquake preparedness and recovery planning in five municipalities located in 5

different development regions of Nepal.

1.2 Project Details The Project supported local governments, specifically, programme municipalities to enable their capacity for implementation of NNBC to reduce seismic risks of live and property. Though the project document was signed between UNDP and GoN in October 2007, the real implementation started only in Feb 2008.

Project Duration Oct. 2007 to December 2010 Project Period 2007 to 2010 Source of Fund: Government of Japan , UNDP Award ID : 00047754-NEP/07/010 (00057599)



1.3 Objectives Goal: The main goal is to reduce the impact of potential earthquakes on seismically vulnerable

communities in Nepal. Purpose: The main purpose is to strengthen national capacity (institutional and community level)

for pre-disaster preparedness and mitigation and post-disaster recovery planning with a focus on

targeted earthquake-prone urban areas of Nepal.

ERRRP provides a way for the municipalities to solve their own Earthquake risk preparedness

and motivating risk reduction policy development and implementation by:

promoting the understanding of local risk

creating collaborative partnerships amongst organizations and stakeholders

sharing expertise and experience from other municipalities

stimulating and motivating risk reduction policy development and implementation

Building code implementation and enforcement

The basic strategy to implement the project was to support the government's long term plan for

risk reduction through comprehensive mitigation and recovery preparedness planning mainly

through developing capacity at all levels.

1.4 Implementing Organizations and it’s roles Ministry of Physical Planning and Works (MoPPW): MoPPW is the main implementing

partner of the project through DUDBC and its divisional offices. The MoPPW plays a lead role in

implementation of the project while DUDBC takes the day-today management responsibility of

the project. The MoPPW provides guidance and oversight on implementation of the building

code, and hazards and vulnerability assessments from the perspective of both earthquake risk and

recovery preparedness.

Ministry of Home Affairs: It provides inter-ministerial coordination as required by the project

throughout implementation.

Ministry of Local Development: It helps ensuring that the programme municipalities get

actively engaged in implementation of building codes with the support of the project.



Programme Municipalities: The 5 Programme municipalities are responsible for

implementation of municipality level activities of the project

1.5 Program municipalities

The Project worked with the following municipalities:

1. Central Region : Hetauda Municipality

2. Eastern Region : Biratnagar Sub- Metropolitan City

3. Western Region : Pokhara Sub- Metropolitan city

4. Mid-western Region : Birendranagar Municipality

5. Far-western Region : Dhangadhi Municipality

Dhangadhi Surkhet

Pokhara

Hetauda

Biratnagar

Kathmandu

(Central Office)

Eastern Development

Region

Map 1: Five Programme Municipalities of ERRRP Project



1.6 Management Arrangements This project implementation follows National Execution Modality. UNDP has provided technical

and operational support in the following areas:

Setting up the project team;

Identifying the consultants required by the project;

Procurement of goods and services;

Disbursing the project fund based on the annual and quarterly work plan of the project;

Coordinating with the Regional Project Team to carryout lessons learnt exercise on post

disaster in high risk countries of the region.

The roles and responsibilities of the project management structure are defined as follows: Project Board: The Project Board is responsible for making management decisions for the

project when guidance is required by the Project Manager, including recommendation for

Implementing Partner and UNDP’s approval of project revisions.

Project Executive: The Project Executive role as the Chair of the Board is taken by the National

Project Director / Joint Secretary, Ministry of Physical Planning and Works (MoPPW), GoN. The

Project Executive is the key person in execution of the project in taking decisions related to

project management.

Focal desk with focal persons/engineers has been established in each program municipalities to

support the municipalities in implementation of National Building Code.



1.7 Expected Outputs

The project was designed under UNDP's Country Programme Action Plan (CPAP) Output -

Capacities of key line ministries, local bodies, civil societies and urban/rural communities

enhanced for planning and implementation of disaster risk management, emergency response and

early recovery with the Expected Outcome(s) of Risks of natural hazards to rural and urban

livelihoods and infrastructure reduced /disaster risk management integrated into the livelihoods

and infrastructure related sectoral plans of the government.

At the country level, the programme had set four key outputs

1. Earthquake risk, vulnerability and capacity assessment conducted in the project areas,

especially from gender and poverty perspective, to support the government and

communities;

2. Capacities of government institutions and communities living in high risk areas enhanced

to adapt and implement earthquake preparedness planning and safe construction practice

using appropriate earthquake resistant construction guidelines;

3. Capacities of the government strengthened in disaster recovery preparedness to support

enhanced recovery operations in post-disaster situations;

4. Capacities of the government developed to implement national disaster management

framework by supporting locally appropriate solutions for earthquake risk reduction

proposed by Nepal.



1.8 Organizational set up of ERRRP Project

Project Executive Board

Senior Supplier Executive Senior Beneficiary

Representative, Government of Japan

ARR (Environment, Energy and DRR Unit) : UNDP

Joint Secretary, Ministry of Physical Planning and Works

Joint Secretaries of Ministries of Home Affairs, Physical Planning and Works and Local Development; CEOs of five earthquake prone municipalities of Nepal



2.0 Major Achievements / Outputs

2.1 Capacity Building Trainings The project implemented various capacity building programme through training, and

sensitization, and awareness activities at different levels for earthquake safe construction. Series

of capacity building trainings on earthquake resistant design and construction of buildings have

been conducted by the Project in program municipalities. Now the municipalities have started

taking initiatives for implementation of building code at least from MRT (Mandatory of Thumbs

level) at the beginning. Out of 5 municipalities, Pokhara and Birendranagar Municipalities have

incorporated Checklists as per National Building Code in application form for building

permission and Hetauda municipality has publicly announced their commitment for the

implementation of National Building Code.

The project has conducted following capacity development trainings programs as below:

Name of Program

Municipalities Title of the Training Target Group No. of

Participants Duration /

Date

Biratnagar Sub Metropolitan

City

Training on "Earthquake Resistant

Construction of Buildings"

Supervisors 34 4 days

June 22 – 24, 2008

Training on "Structural Analysis and

Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings Using SAP 2000 and

Nepal National Building Code"

Architects, Municipal Engineers, DUDBC

Engineers and local

Consultants / Designers

27 (Female = 2)

7 days October 25 - 30,

2009

Hetauda Municipality


Construction of Buildings”

Masons 34 (Female = 7)

4 days September 25 –

28, 2008

Training on “Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings /

Nepal National Building Code and its

Implementation strategy”


Engineers and local

Consultants / Designers

33

5 days November 26 -

30, 2009



Pokhara Sub Metropolitan

City

Training on "Structural Analysis and

Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings Using SAP 2000 and

Nepal National Building Code"


Engineers (All 5 programme municipalities

engineers)

33 (Female = 1)

7 days July 27 –

August 2, 2008



Masons 40 4 days

Feb 16 –19, 2009

Trainings related to Damage Assessment,

Vulnerability Assessment,

Retrofitting Design and Construction Techniques

Engineers (All 5 programme municipalities

engineers)

35 (Female = 1)

4 days July 19 – 22,

2009

Birendranagar Municipality

Training on “Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings /

Nepal National Building Code and its

Implementation strategy

Municipal Engineers 24

5 days November 19 –

23, 2008



Masons 32 4 days

August 28 –31, 2009

Dhangadhi Municipality



Masons 30 4 days

October 20-23, 2008



Supervisors 29 (Female = 3)

4 days June 01 –04,

2009

Total 351 (Female = 14)

(Refer Annex A)


U N D P / E R R R P P r o j e c t 1 0

Photo: Practical training on Supervisor level training in Biratnagar and lectures delivering on mason training in Dhangadhi

Photo: Construction of load bearing and frame structure on earthquake resistant construction of buildings in Dhangadhi and Birendranagar

2.1.1 Training on "Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings" for supervisors and Masons

The programme municipalities in collaboration with the project team organized training on

“Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings” for masons and supervisors. A total of 136

masons and 63 supervisors trained on earthquake resistant construction of buildings. The course

was designed to upgrade the skills of existing masons, carpenters and steel fixers for construction

of earthquake-resistant houses. The course has covered in such a way that will increase

awareness, enhance the theoretical knowledge and build the capacity at the local level on

earthquake resistant construction of buildings through education, practical training, field visit,

film show, group discussion, exam of trainees and construction of technological demonstration

unit.



Photo: Certificate Distribution to the participants

Photo: Inauguration of SAP Training in Pokhara

The main purpose of this course was to enhance the knowledge and skills of existing skilled

workforce involved in building construction business i.e. supervisors, head masons and local

petty contractors who work as head mason and overall in-charge for building construction. As

masons are the second line engineers in

construction of houses, it is most important to

provide them the basic technique of

construction of earthquake resistant buildings

along with various engineering methodology

of building construction in the seismically

active zones.

The total of 136 numbers of masons and 63

numbers of supervisors trained on earthquake

resistant construction of buildings

2.1.2 Training on "Structural Analysis and Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings Using SAP 2000 and Nepal National Building Code

The project team in collaboration with Pokhara Sub Metropolitan city and Biratnagar Sub

Metropolitan city jointly organized training on "Structural Analysis and Earthquake Resistant

Design of Buildings Using SAP 2000 computer software and Implementation of National

Building Code of Nepal" for Municipal

Engineers in Pokhara and Biratnagar.

The main objective of this training

program is to build the capacity of the

municipal engineers for the effective

implementation of Nepal National

Building Code focusing on the

structural analysis and Earthquake

Resistant Design of Buildings.



Photo: Lectures Delivering on SAP Training in Biratnagar and Pokhara

Photo: Closing Remark in SAP Training, Pokhara

The Specific objectives of this training program were:-

To familiarize with the structural system and structural analysis of the buildings being

built in the context of Nepal.

To enhance the participants know-how on earthquake and their effects on building

structures.

To familiarize the participant with the concept of Earthquake Resistant Design of

Buildings using Nepal National Building Code and use of computer software (SAP 2000)

for analysis and design.

Enable them to check the submitted design for the compliance with the Nepal National

Building code

60 Engineers and Architects were trained on

Structural Analysis and Earthquake Resistant

Design of Buildings Using SAP 2000 and

Nepal National Building Code.



Photo: Lectures delivering on NBC training and Remarks Speech of UNDP monitoring team in Training

2.2.3 Training on “Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings / Nepal National Building Code and its Implementation strategy

The project team in collaboration with Birendranagar Municipality and Hetauda Municipality

jointly organized training program on “Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings / Nepal

National Building Code and its Implementation strategy” for Municipal Engineers. The Nepal

National Building Code (NBC) is the first such document prepared for Nepal in 1994 and was

enacted in 2003 but it has not been implemented except three municipalities. The NBC provides

both regulations and guidelines for the construction of buildings in all areas of Nepal. In Nepal,

almost 80 percent of the total building is being built without proper structural safety

considerations. The collapse of engineered and non-engineered building during earthquakes is the

main contributor to the loss of lives, injuries to the people and economic losses. This is because of

the lack of public awareness, lack of institutional mechanism for implementation and insufficient

capacity of implementing authorities. In this context, effective enforcement of building code and

control system could be the major steps to reduce the loss of life and properties. In this regards, to

fulfill these gaps different training programs for different level of technician were conducted by

UNDP/ERRRP project.

The main objective of this training program was

To introduce and orient civil engineers, architects and designers with Earthquake

Resistant Design of Buildings / Nepal National Building Code and its implementation

strategy.



Photo: Certificate distribution to the Participants in NBC Training

To build the capacity of the municipal engineers for the effective implementation of Nepal

National Building Code focusing on the structural analysis and earthquake resistant design

of buildings.

Enable them to check the submitted design for the compliance with the Nepal National

Building code

Familiarized with existing government and municipal policies on earthquake risk

reduction, preparedness and response hence support for implementation of NBC

To institutionalize the training and continuing education on earthquake safe design and

construction

57 Engineers and Architects were trained on Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings / Nepal

National Building Code and its Implementation strategy”

2.1.4 Trainings related to Damage Assessment, Vulnerability Assessment, Retrofitting Design and Construction Techniques

The project team in collaboration with the Pokhara Sub-Metropolitan City jointly organized

training program on “Vulnerability Assessment of Buildings / Retrofitting and Recovery

Preparedness for Municipal Engineers” in Pokhara. A total of 35 technicians from programme

municipalities were attended in the program out of which 1 was female. The Japanese experts

(Mr. Masato Ohori, Mr. Hiroshi Imai and Mr. Qaisar Ali) from ADRC facilitated the lectures

sharing the experiences and research on Safe Construction Design and Retrofitting Technique.



Photo: Inauguration and Closing Ceremony of Retrofitting Training in Pokhara

Photo: Japanese Expert sharing the experiences on retrofitting technologies

The principal aim of the course was to create awareness about seismic hazards on structural

system among the participants and provide basic knowledge on retrofitting design and re-

strengthening of structural integrities. The objectives of the training programme are:

To familiarize with Seismic Vulnerable Assessment / Retrofitting of Buildings, find out the

buildings vulnerable against earthquake

To familiarize with different options of retrofitting design and select most appropriate

option for Masonry and RC Frame building

To aware on different available construction technologies for seismic retrofitting.

To familiarize with the municipal profile, impact of settlement pattern, land use practice

and option in high risk areas of municipalities for

recovery preparedness

To familiarize with existing government and

municipal policies on earthquake risk reduction,

preparedness and response hence support for

implementation of NBC

To share the experiences and research from

earthquake prone countries like Japan and

Pakistan

The total of 35 Engineers and Architects trained on Vulnerability Assessment, Retrofitting Design

and Recovery Preparedness.



Photo: Sensitization on Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness to Community Members in Pokhara and Engineers in Biratnagar

2.2 Awareness Programs For a seismically vulnerable country like Nepal, to mitigate the problems due to pre and post

disaster, ERRRP focus on bottom-up approach in which house-owner and common people

becomes aware, have basic ideas on earthquake preparedness and convinced on the need to make

their residences safer against earthquake. For that the massive awareness raising program has

been conducted for community people, political leaders, house owner and technical people in all

the five program municipalities

2.2.1 Sensitization Program / Public Education and Awareness (PEA) Program

ERRRP Program jointly with program municipalities had conducted sensitization programs on

earthquake risk reduction and preparedness to municipal officials, community members and

technicians in the year 2008.

In 2009, ERRRP Program conducted mass public education and awareness programs to house

owners, local constructors, technicians on earthquake safety and preparedness. Orientation on

land use planning from the perspective of earthquake risk reduction and recovery preparedness

for the municipal officials and political representatives in 5 programme municipalities has also

conducted in PEA program to disseminate the information on earthquake risk and vulnerability

assessments, land use planning and basic applications of maps and GIS for preparedness and

mitigation planning.



Photo: Public Education and Awareness on Earthquake Safety and Preparedness to technicians and community members

The project has conducted following sensitization / public education programs:

Name of Program

Municipalities

Title of the Sensitization / PEA

Target Group

No. of Participants Duration / Date

Biratnagr Sub Metropolitan City

Sensitization Program on “Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness”

Engineers and Sub – Engineers (NEA Biratnagar Regional Chapter)

72 (Female =1)

December 6, 2008 Half day

Public Education and Awareness (PEA) on Earthquake Safety and Preparedness for Risk Reduction

Community People

92 (Female =16)

November 1, 2009 (Half Day)

Hetauda Municipality

sensitization program on earthquake risk reduction and preparedness

Community People

120 (Female =19)

September 26, 2008 (Half Day)

PEA on Earthquake Safety and Preparedness for Risk Reduction

Engineers and Sub Engineers (NEA Hetauda Regional Chapter)

110 (Female = 4)

December 1, 2009

Pokhara Sub Metropolitan City

Sensitization Program on “Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness

Community People

54 (Female = 11)

July 31, 2008 (Half Day)

Sensitization Program on “Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness”

Engineers and Sub - Engineers

76 (Female =1)

March 14, 2009 Half day



Birendranagar Municipality


Community People

86 (Female =27)

November 21, 2008 (Half Day)

PEA on Earthquake Safety and Preparedness for Risk Reduction

Community People

88 (Female =19)

September 1, 2009 (Half Day)

Dhangadhi Municipality


Community People

72 (Female =22)

October 24, 2008 (Half Day)

PEA on Earthquake Safety and Preparedness for Risk

Engineers and Sub-Engineers

100 (Female =22)

December 9, 2010 (Half Day)

Total 870

(Female =142)

(Refer Annex A)

A total of 512 local community members including municipal staff, local political leaders,

house owners, technical persons participated in Sensitization or Public Education Awareness

(PEA) on earthquake risk reduction and preparedness

A total of 358 engineers, architects, sub-engineers participated in sensitization programs or

Public Education Awareness (PEA) on Earthquake Safe Buildings, Recovery Preparedness and

Orientation on Municipal Profile / Land Use Practice in terms of Earthquake Risk and

Vulnerability



2.2.2 Support provided to Municipalities

Based on the need assessment for logistics and equipments immediately required by the

programme municipalities to start implementation of NBC and demonstrate retrofitting technique,

the project provided following support to the five municipalities such as desk top computers,

LCD Screen, LCD Projector, Printer (four in one), Digital Camera and necessary furniture.

Photo: Logistics handed over to Birendranagar Municipality and Hetauda Municipality.



Photo: Orientation on earthquake safety drill in Schools

Photo: Evacuating practice to the Students in open Space

2.2.3 School Earthquake Orientation and Safety Drills

The project supported Earthquake Orientation Programs and Earthquake Safety Drills in 14

Schools of Kathmandu Valley, and two programme municipalities outside Kathmandu Valley

(Birendranagar and Dhangadhi) in 2010 to create awareness among school teachers and students

on earthquake risk / preparedness and need of earthquake safety plan and to build capacity of

school teachers and students for earthquake preparedness plan and safe evacuation during

earthquake disaster through earthquake drills/exercises. Handouts of the presentation and 30 sets

of publication including other relevant materials were handed over to the school after the

orientation program.



The total number of 1139 numbers (1106 no’s of students and 33 no’s of teachers) participated in

earthquake orientation and earthquake safety drills programs. Following table presents the

outcome of the orientation and drill programs conducted in Kathmandu valley.



Photo: retrofitted and non retrofitted structure for pull down test.

2.2.4 Pull down Test on Existing Building

Most of the fatalities in past earthquakes have occurred due to the collapse of buildings that are

constructed using brick masonry and are considered as Non-Engineered Construction. Knowing

seismic risk of such widely available masonry buildings in the region and to identify possible

structural mitigation measures: ERRP Regional component supported to conduct a full scale-pull

down test in KTM Valley of an existing non-reinforced masonry building as part of its technical

assistance from Japan and knowledge sharing initiatives.

The purpose of the test is to investigate the potential of seismic performance of existing buildings

in a retrofitted and non retrofitted environment. The test has extended further opportunity to

review and analyze retrofitting methods for masonry building. It has expected that the test

enhanced the knowledge and technical capacity of the ERRP project teams and national

stakeholders on building retrofitting that would be disseminated and applied at the national level

project implementation. Asian Disaster Reduction Center, Japan and the ERRP project in Nepal

have been providing technical and logistical support to conduct the test.

The first "Pull-Down Test" of an existing non-retrofitted building was conducted on 15 October

in Kathmandu, Nepal. In this test, a 40-year-old building was pulled on until it fell. The main

purpose of the first experiment was to raise awareness of the threats posed by earthquakes by

allowing observers to watch how an actual masonry building which was typical in Nepal would



Photo: First experiment of pull down test on non retrofitted building.

Photo: Second Experiment of Pull Down test on retrofitted building

Collapse in the event of a major earthquake, and to examine the strength of old houses. Many

participants from the government of Nepal, the United Nations Development Programme, ERRP

member countries, and local communities observed the experiment with strong interest. As the

intensity was carefully increased, the cracks in the wall of the house grew larger until the

structure finally collapsed.

This experiment made the stakeholders aware of how vulnerable existing buildings would be in a

major earthquake. Local newspapers gave extensive coverage to the event, helping to raise public

disaster awareness. ADRC conducted its second "Pull- Down Test" on 2-3 November to confirm

the effectiveness of the jacketing method of retrofitting as compared with non retrofitted

buildings, based on the results of the first pull-down test. The non retrofitted building used in the

first pull down test completely collapsed at an intensity of 16.3 tons, whereas the retrofitted

building used in the second test did not even crack when the intensity was raised to as high as 26

tons.



The non-retrofitted building used for the first pull down test completely fell down by intensity

16.3 ton, whereas the retrofitted building used for the second test did not even crack when

intensity reached as much as 25 ton. This comparison clearly demonstrates that the earthquake

resistance of a building can be strengthened by applying the proposed retrofitting method

(jacketing method, steel wire mesh plus mortar coating).

2.2.5 Public Service Announcement (PSA)

A public service announcement regarding importance and implementation of Nepal National

Building Code for earthquake resistant design and construction of buildings was broadcasted for

one minute in Ujayalo FM 90 MHz from October 28, 2010 till November 27, 2010 at 8 pm during

the News Time.

2.2.6 Preparation of Video Documentary

A video documentary was developed to cover retrofitting construction technique as a good

practice to safeguard existing buildings against the possible earthquake shock, and training related

to structural vulnerability assessment/damage assessment and retrofitting along with other major

ERRRP activities. Video documentary on Good practices of ERRRP Project was aired in October

28, 2010 by Image Channel at 8:30pm for 35 minutes and again aired in January 16, 2011 by

Nepal Television at 8:30pm for 27 minutes at 7:25pm. It is in both Nepali and English version.

On the occasion of 13th Earthquake Safety Day celebrated in Nepal, the project supported to

develop a one and half hour long national level "Video Documentary Drama” on Earthquake Risk

Reduction and Preparedness, for raising awareness of the community people.



Photo: ERRRP Brochure

Photo: Technical Posters Photo: Earthquake

Preparedness Booklet

2.2.7 Preparation and dissemination of IEC Materials

Following information, education and communication (IEC) materials were developed and

distributed to the municipalities for raising public awareness on earthquake preparedness and

earthquake resilience constructions.

project brochure

Posters on Earthquake Preparedness Planning for Family (

Nepali and English)

Earthquake Preparedness Booklet

Technical posters on

Earthquake Safer Building

Construction 3 Types (Nepali

and English)

Project Caps and T-shirts

Illustrated Guideline for

Construction of Earthquake

Safe Residential Building



Photo: Rally during Celebration of Earthquake Safety day 2011

Photo: ERRRP Exhibition Stall in Earthquake Safety day 2011 and Distribution of IEC Materials

2.2.8 Celebration of Earthquake Safety day

Since the project was started in 2008, the project has been supporting the GoN and stakeholders

to celebrate the Earthquake Safety day in January every year. The IEC materials were distributed

to the division offices of DUDBC, program municipalities and community members for raising

earthquake awareness.



Photo: Ward Office before and after retrofitting

2.3 Demonstrative Seismic Retrofitting Works Demonstrative seismic retrofitting of five Public Buildings, one in each program municipality,

was supported by the project. Seismic retrofitting is modification of existing structures to make

them more resistant to seismic activity, ground motion, or soil failure due to earthquakes. It is a

method to reduce hazards within households and also for general disaster. Local constructors and

masons were involved in retrofitting works. Municipal engineers/technicians were trained in

design of retrofitting structure and construction, by which they developed their capacity in

application of retrofitting techniques in Nepal. As a part of creating awareness about retrofitting

techniques, an awareness campaign was organized in each municipality, side-by-side to

ceremonies organized for handover of those buildings to respective authorities. The handover

ceremony and awareness campaigns were attended by government officials, representative of

political parties, municipal officials, journalists, chief of district level government development

officers, and others.

Following are the seismic retrofitting buildings selected and retrofitted in programme

municipalities:

2.3.1 Seismic Retrofitting of Ward No. 3 Office Building of Biratnagar Sub-Metropolitan City

The Lohani and Brothers Pvt Ltd. has successfully completed the seismic retrofitting of office

building in accordance with the specifications and drawings designed by MRB and Associates.

The total cost of the building including VAT is NRS 1,626,430.92.The project duration was from

November 15, 2009 to February 15, 2010.



Photo: Mr. Suresh Prakash Acharya, NPD ERRRP Project speaking at the handover of retrofitting building in Hetauda

Photo: Handover Program of retrofitted ward office building in Biratnagar

The retrofitting building was officially handed over to municipality in June 24, 2010 at Sabha

Hall in Biratnagar. During the hand over program, Chief Guest, Mr. Deep Basnyat, Secretary,

MOPPW, Mr Purna Kadariya, Secretary,

MoPPW, Mr. Vijaya Singh, Assistant Country

Director, UNDP, Mr Suresh Prakash Acharya,

Joint Secretary, MoPPW, and National Program

Director, UNDP/ERRRP Project, Mr. Kamal Raj

Oandey, Joint Secretary, MoPPW, Mr. Ashok

Nath Uprety, Director General, DUDBC, Mr.

Shiva Hari Sharma, Deputy Director General,

DUDBC, Chief District Officer, political party

representatives, local people, journalist etc were

attended.

2.3.2 Seismic Retrofitting of Pushpa Lal Memorial Building at Hetauda Municipality

The Gauri Parbati Nirman Sewa Pvt. Ltd and Y. P

construction Pvt. Ltd as a contractor and Manohar Raj

Bhandari as a Consultant has successfully completed the

seismic retrofitting of pushpa Lal Memorial Library

Building at Hetauda in accordance with the

specifications and drawings designed by MRB and

Associates. The total cost of the building with VAT is

NRS 2, 826,326.28. The project duration was from

January 1, 2010 to April 30, 2010

The retrofitted building was officially handed over to municipality in November 24, 2010 at

Pushpa Lal Smirti Park in Hetauda. In Handover Program, Mr. Rudra Kumar Shrestha, regional

chief of administrative office and chief guest of the program, Mr. Suresh Prakash Acharya, Joint

Secretary, MoPPW, and National Program Director, UNDP/ERRRP Project, Mr. Bharat

Dhungana, Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Dinesh Bhattarai, Chief District Officer, Mr.Yubaraj

Subedi, Local Development Officer, Mr. Satya Narayan Shah, Civil Engineer and Focal Person of

UNDP/ERRRP Project from Hetauda Municipality, political party representatives, local people

and media persons were attended.



Photo: Retrofitting Works and Hand over of building to municipality

Photo: Retrofication of Fire Brigade Building during the process and after completion of work.

2.3.3 Seismic Retrofitting of Fire brigade Building of Pokhara Sub- Metropolitan City

The Lohani and Brothers Pvt Ltd. has successfully completed the seismic retrofitting of Fire

Brigade Building in accordance with the specifications and drawings designed by MRB and

Associates. The total cost of the building including VAT is NRS 1, 476,694.69. The project

duration was from November 15, 2009 to March 30, 2010

The retrofitting building was officially handed over to municipality in November 15, 2010 at Fire

Brigade Building, ward number 8 in Pokhara. In Handover Program, Mr. Arjun Bahadur

Bhandari, regional chief of administrative office and chief guest of the program, Mr. Suresh

Prakash Acharya, Joint Secretary, MoPPW, and National Program Director, UNDP/ERRRP

Project, Mr. Tilak Poudel, Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Chudamani Basyal, Chief District

Officer, Mr. Shyam Jee Bastola, Civil Engineer and Focal Person of UNDP/ERRRP Project from



Photo: Monitoring of Retrofication by ERRRP Project Team.

Photo: Handover of retrofitted Fire Brigade building in Pokhara

Pokhara Sub Metropolitan City, political party representatives, local people and media persons

were attended

2.3.4 Seismic Retrofitting Works of Shree Krishna General High School Birendranagar Municipality

The Lohani and Brothers Pvt Ltd. has successfully completed the seismic retrofitting of school

Building in accordance with the specifications and drawings designed by MRB and Associates.

The total cost of the building with VAT is NRS 4,350,496.33. The building still needs to be

handed over to the municipality. The project duration was from January 1, 2010 to November 20,

2010.



Photo: School Building before Retrofication

Photo: Retrofitting Process and completed building after retrofication

2.3.5 Seismic Retrofitting Works of Trinagar High School, Dhangadhi Municipality

The Lohani and Brothers Pvt Ltd. has successfully completed the seismic retrofitting of school

Building in accordance with the specifications and drawings designed by MRB and Associates.

The total cost of the building including VAT is NRS 3, 806,205.67. The project duration was

from November 15, 2009 to May 30, 2010.

The retrofitting building was officially handed

over to municipality in December 9, 2010 at

Vidya Hotel in Dhangadhi. In Handover

Program, Mr. Hari Ram Koirala, regional chief

of administrative office and chief guest of the

program, Mr. Suresh Prakash Acharya, Joint

Secretary, MoPPW, and National Program

Director, UNDP/ERRRP Project, Mr. Krishna

Prasad Jaisi, Chief Executive Officer, Mr.

Amba Datta Joshi, Division Chief, DUDBC,

Mr. Deej Raj Bhatta, Civil Engineer and Focal Person of UNDP/ERRRP Project from Dhangadhi

municipality, political party representatives, local people and media persons were attended



Photo: Building with Mobile Towers in Kalimati.

Photo: Information sharing workshop on Vulnerability of Mobile Towers

2.3 Earthquake Vulnerability of Mobile Towers and Associated Structures in Kathmandu Valley

Communication plays a vital role in recovery works after a disaster like an earthquake by aiding

in damage assessments, coordinating responses and relief logistics. When stricken by a

catastrophic natural disaster such as an earthquake, the efficiency of disaster response operation is

very critical to life saving and recovery process. There are more than 1000 mobile tower stations

in Kathmandu Valley belonging to three major telecom operators (NDCL, NTC, Ncell), most of

them are installed on roof tops of tall, often un-engineered buildings. Mobile companies plan to

double this number by next year. Till date there is no mechanism in place for checking these

towers and associated buildings for earthquake safety. Owing to the substantial contribution of

mobile communication in disasters, UNDP/ERRRP project has taken an initiation towards

minimizing the vulnerability of mobile communication in disasters such as an earthquake by



assessing different types of mobile towers and associated structures using simple assessment tools

to investigate the scenario of the mushrooming mobile tower structures in Kathmandu Valley. For

the same purpose, 19 towers belonging to different mobile tower operators were visited and

assessed using FEMA 310 checklists.

The different level of recommendation and inputs were taken from stakeholders through Ministry

Level Interaction Programme on Mobile Tower and Information Sharing Workshop on

earthquake vulnerability of mobile towers and associated structures in Kathmandu Valley.

Support and recommendations for endorsement of “NTC Guidelines on Erection of Antenna

Structures and Protection from Non-Ionizing Radiation from Radio Base Stations”

Initiation to incorporation of “Seismic vulnerability assessment of private and public

buildings Part I: Pre disaster vulnerability assessment” in NTA guideline on “Erection of

antenna structures and protection from non-ionizing radiation from radio base stations” and

capacity building of the telecom operators for using the assessment guideline to aid in

selection of building for antenna structure installation.

Inclusion of safety requirements for installation of communication towers on buildings in

code or act

Initiation for setting up an Emergency response network mechanism among mobile tower

operators for continuation of communication service during disasters and using the mobile

network to create an information system whereby information is disseminated to the public

more effectively.

2.4 Preparation of Reports and Guidelines

The project supported to conduct several studies and assessment during its implementation as

below, and produced several reports required by DUDBC / MoPPW / porgramme municipalities

to help them reduce urban risks including earthquakes.

2.4.1 Municipal Profiles in terms of Earthquake Risk and Vulnerability of program

municipalities

This document presents the context seismic hazard in the study region and assesses the

earthquake vulnerability of the buildings, infrastructures and population. Based on the



vulnerability assessment, preparedness plan is proposed for effective earthquake disaster risk

management.

2.4.2 Report on Impact of settlement Pattern, land use practice and option in high risk areas

of program municipalities

The report “Impact of Settlement Pattern, Land Use Practice and Options in High Risk Areas”

was prepared in relation to earthquake vulnerability. The report gives an overview of urban

development and land use change pattern with respect to earthquake hazards.

Based on this scenario study, risk sensitive land use plan is recommended as a key component of

municipal land use policy and regulations. These profiles and reports have been translated into

Nepali language, and widely disseminated to municipalities and other concerned stakeholders.

Maps on open spaces and access route for Earthquake evacuation for each municipality have also

been produced.

2.4.3 Seismic Vulnerability Evaluation Guideline for Private and Public Building (For pre

disaster vulnerability and post disaster damage assessment)

The document provides guidance on seismic evaluation procedure of common buildings in Nepal

and the region and includes processes for qualitative as well as more detailed analysis and

evaluation. The document further discusses about feasible retrofitting measures applicable to

existing buildings identified as seismically deficient. The results of assessment is expected to help

house owners and the engineers find suitable means to mitigate the damages in case the probable

performance of the existing building is found not within the acceptable limit of Life Safety.

2.4.4 Review report on Existing Government and Municipal Policies on Earthquake Risk

Reduction, Preparedness and Response

The report reviews existing government and municipal policies and regulations on earthquake

preparedness and response and recommends necessary amendments and options for future

policies.

2.4.5 Recommendation report for updated of Nepal National Building Code

The report includes a) reviews technical additions, alterations and modifications, to be made in

the current code, b) study, analysis and justify for update of the Code, c) review general practice



of NNBC implementation in some municipalities (Kathmandu and Lalitpur), and d) study the

effectiveness of implementation of NNBC in construction. The report serves as base for updating

of the Building Code by the Government.

2.4.6 Recovery principles and Guideline

The report presents objectives, methodologies, lessons from the recent disasters and aims to

propose principles, strategies and made recommendations for effective disaster recovery plan for

Nepal.

2.4.7 Training Manual on Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings / Nepal National

Building Code and its Implementation Strategy

The manual includes standard training curriculum and preparation of ready to use training

material in Instructor workbook, participants work book, participant’s slides and lessons plan.

2.4.8 Mason Training Guideline, Mason Training Manual on Earthquake Resistant

Construction of Buildings

The mason training guideline is prepared to promote safer construction by providing standard

guidelines for mason training in achieving earthquake risk reduction. The mason training manual

introduces the basic principles of earthquake resistant construction and also includes construction

exercises of building sub-assemblage. It provides detail lesson plans with power point

presentations and detail description of each and every step that are required to be done during

training sessions. It also gives guidance to the trainer to make it interactive. In addition,

schedules; tools, equipment, materials; and all other preparatory works required to be done before

or during the training programs are also described in detail in the manual. The training Guidelines

and manuals have been prepared based on the training programs conducted to standardize the

training curricula.

2.4.9 Documentation of Indigenous Knowledge and Technologies for Safer buildings

This is a documentation of indigenous technologies that have been used for building construction

in the past and their contribution towards making the building safer to earthquakes and other

natural calamities.



Map 2: Five South Asian Regions: Bhutan, Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Pakistan

Photo: Discussion of NBC update report with Japanese Experts and ERRRP Nepal Team

3.0 Regional Initiatives The project was strongly supported the member countries technically to benefit from cross

country learning experiences through its Regional Initiative conducted under the regional

component of the programme at SA level. The regional component supported each country in

addressing specific national level risk reduction issues from the experience gained by other

countries in the region. The

regional component of the

project supported both a)

Country level projects to

support the national disaster

management framework of

countries, and b)

Coordination support

initiatives for Regional

sharing of experience among

and Technical Assistance for

regional and country level

projects.

The regional component has been undertaken in collaboration with SAARC Disaster

Management Centre (SDMC) and other regional partners. The ERRP is divided into "regional

programmes," which cut across five countries to

achieve the goal of promoting information

sharing and cooperation, and "country

programmes," which are tailored to meet the

needs of individual countries.

The Regional component helped acquire

international technical assistance from regional

and international institutions, particularly from

ADRC, Japan for conducting the Pull down test



and capacity building activities. The ADRC experts supported implementation of ERRP through

providing technical guidance in review of NNBC.

The regional component of ERRRP conducted four regional workshops which were participated

by ERRRP Nepal team. ERRP Regional Workshop Nepal (August 10-12, 2008), Pakistan (April

28-30, 2009), Delhi (July 29-31, 2009) and Bangladesh December 7-12 2009). These workshops

brought the country teams' together to explore and facilitate process of information and

knowledge exchange, and initiate technical cooperation across the countries.

Photo: 1st ERRRP Regional Workshop in Kathmandu

Photo: UNDP, ERRRP and Government Officials participated in ERRP Regional Workshop in Delhi



4.0 Financial Status of the Project The project was mainly funded by Japanese government's fund and UNDP resources for the

period of 2008/10. After the completion of Japanese fund supported activities in July 2010,

considering the effectiveness of the programme and government's request for further support to

allow smooth closure of the programme, the programme was extended for a period of July –

December 2010 from UNDP’s financial support. Following tables provides a summary of total

expenditure made by the project till December 2010.

Status of Expenditure

Year Japan Fund UNDP Fund Total

2008 187,763.00 - 187,763.00

2009 177,645.47 127,299.21 304,944.68

2010 237,280.44 117,688.76 354,969.20

Total 602,688.91 244,987.97 847,676.88

(Refer Annex D)



Photo: Celebrating World Habitat Day 2010

5.0 Results in Gender Equality, Women’s Empowerment, and Social Inclusion

The project adopted gender and socially inclusive approach for overall implementation of the

programme, particularly in implementation of training and awareness activities. The training

curricula were designed to take account of differential needs of male and female participants

coming from socially marginalized community. Special care was given in selection of trainers

and participants from female and diverse groups. Altogether 3 women were chosen as facilitators

to conduct technical training whereas 14 numbers of women participants participated in the

training. (Refer 2.1). Also during awareness campaign at municipality and national levels

conducted by the programme, a wide range of stakeholders from diverse social groups

participated in the program. There was a substantive participation of women (142) in PEA

programs conducted in program municipalities. Similarly a total of 571 women teachers and

school girls participated in earthquake safety Programs (Earthquake Orientation and Earthquake

Safety Drills) conducted in various schools within Kathmandu Valley, and Birendranagar and

Dhangadhi Municipalities outside Kathmandu Valley. (Refer 2.2 and 2.2.3)

6.0 Partnership

ERRRP supported to celebrate Earthquake Safety Day and World Habitat Day in partnership with

the several government institutions, UN Agencies, specialized institutions such as NSET and

academic institutions (Universities and research based institutes). The project, in partnership with

Nepal Engineer’s Association, conducted various public education and sensitization programmes

in programme municipalities.



7.0 Lessons Learned / Challenges

• Low level of technical capacity at municipalities, and little awareness among the general

public about earthquake safe construction and implementation of NBC has been the main

reason behind poor quality of building construction. To address this, the project developed

several training manuals and guidelines to be used as tool for skill

transformation/enhancement at various levels, as well as IEC materials for creating public

awareness. The municipalities need to carry out capacity building trainings and awareness

programs on regular basis.

• Since the municipalities vary in their capacities (technical, human resource, financial, etc) to

respond to hazards and implement NBC, any support programme must be designed based on

specific and real capacity needs of the municipalities.

• The programme implementation greatly suffered from frequent transfer of the government

officials, particularly the municipal chief executives, during project period. To avoid this, the

project supported to establish focal desks in each municipality and engage with a team of

professionals working in the municipalities.

• There is a felt need for greater collaboration between municipalities, who have mandates of

issuing building permits, and DUDBC who has mandates for implementing NBC. The limited

capacity of municipality to fully implement NBC needs to be fulfilled by greater collaboration

with DUDBC and its divisional offices.

• There are no specific norms, design standards for retrofitting works in Nepal to make

retrofitting work cost effective and pragmatic. Lessons learnt from ERRRPP supported

retrofitting works need to be further used to develop cost-effective retrofitting techniques for

Nepal based on the conditions of the buildings.

8.0 Way Forward • Because of lack of technical capacity of municipalities in Nepal to implement National

Building Code (only 4 municipalities out of 58 are implementing National Building Code)

more capacity building trainings are needed to municipal technicians, and awareness raising

for general public.

• Given the limited technical human resource within the municipalities to fully comply with

NNBC, application of Mandatory Rules of Thumb (MRT) would have been a most easy



solution in fast implementation of NNBC as it provides pre-engineered, ready-made design

for building construction. However, the current NNBC only covers MRT for residential

buildings up to three- storey in height, while most of new buildings in the municipalities are

constructed upto 4 to 5 storey. It is highly recommended to prepare and publish MRT for

buildings up to 5 storey’s in height in standard practices format.

• One of the main causes in poor implementation of NNBC is lack of curriculum on National

Building Code and earthquake-resistant design in diploma-level and under-graduate

engineering courses. A partnership program with engineering institutions will help to fulfill

this lacuna.

• Good lessons learnt from ERRRP in 5 municipalities needs to be replicated to all 58

municipalities in the country with the 5 ERRRP municipalities serving as resource centers for

other municipalities for implementation of NNBC.

• ERRRP Project has supported to develop several training guidelines and manuals pertaining

to earthquake resistant design and construction. These training manuals/guidelines need to be

used for national level training purposes.

• Developing standard retrofitting techniques suited to local context, and massive follow up

capacity building trainings about such techniques are felt necessary.

• The project supported to review NNBC and help publish "Recommendation for update of

Nepal National Building Code" as a basis for further amendment of NNBC. The DUDBC and

MoPPW need to take urgent actions for future amendment of NBC based on the report

recommendations.

• Following reports developed and published with the support of the project needs to be further

used for the purpose of technical training given to engineers and the architects working in

municipalities, DUDBC and other relevant agencies to develop their overall technical

capacity on risk reduction techniques.

• Seismic Vulnerability Assessment Guidelines (pre and post)

• Recovery Principles and Guidelines

• Preparation of Risk Sensitive Land use Planning for municipalities

• Inclusion of Vulnerability Assessment Guidelines and Permit System of Mobile towers

• So far NNBC only covers safe construction buildings, and there is no specific seismic

standard developed to be used for bridges, hospitals and other infrastructures.



Annex A: List of ERRRP Documents Produced

(Refer ERRRP Website: www.errrp.org.np for all the soft copy of the reports)) Field Visit and Municipal Level Meeting Reports

1. A Report on Field Visit and Municipality Level Meeting in Biratnagar Sub- Metropolitan City (June, 2008)

2. A Report on Field Visit and Municipality Level Meeting in Dhangadi Municipality(June, 2008)

3. A Report on Field Visit and Municipality Level Meeting in Pokhara Sub- Metropolitan City (June, 2008)

4. A Report on Field Visit and Municipality Level Meeting in Birendranagar Municipality (June, 2008)

5. A Report on Field Visit and Municipality Level Meeting in Hetauda Municipality (June, 2008)

Follow Up report

1. A Follow up Municipal Level Meeting Report in Biratnagar Sub- Metropolitan City (June 3, 2008

2. A Follow up Municipal Level Meeting Report in Hetauda Municipality (July 17, 2008) 3. A Follow up Municipal Level Meeting Report in Pokhara Sub- Metropolitan City (June

15, 2008) Training Plans

1. Training Plan for Organizing Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Supervisors June 22-24, 2008, Biratnagar , Nepal

2. Training Plan for Organizing "Structural Analysis and Earthquake Resistant Design of

Buildings Using SAP 2000 and Nepal National Building Code" for Municipal Engineers (July 27 – August 2, 2008), Pokhara, Nepal

3. Training Plan for Organizing Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Masons

Sept 25 – Sept 28, 2008 Hetauda, Nepal

4. Training Plan for Organizing Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Masons Oct 20 – Oct 23, 2008, Dhangadhi, Nepal

5. Training Plan for Organizing Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings / Nepal National Building Code and its Implementation Strategy for Municipal Engineers (Nov 19 – Nov 23, 2008, Birendranagar, Nepal

6. Training Plan for Organizing “Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Masons” February 16 to February 19, 2009 Pokhara, Nepal



7. Training Plan for Organizing Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Supervisors June 01 – June 04, 2009 Dhangadhi, Nepal

8. Training Plan for Organizing “Vulnerability Assessment of Buildings / Retrofitting and Recovery Preparedness” for Municipal Engineers July 19 – July 22, 2009 Pokhara, Nepal

9. Training Plan for Organizing “Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings” for Masons August 28 – August 31, 2009 Birendranagar, Nepal

10. Training Plan for Organizing Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings / Nepal National Building Code and its Implementation Strategy for Municipal Engineers November 26 – 30, 2009 Hetauda, Nepal

Training Reports

1. Training Report on Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Supervisors in Biratnagar Sub-Metropolitan City (June 22-24, 2008)

2. Training Report on "Structural Analysis and Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings

Using SAP 2000 and Nepal National Building Code" for Municipal Engineers in Pokhara Sub Metropolitan City (July 27 – August 2, 2008)

3. Training Report on Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Masons in

Hetauda Municipality (Sept 25 – Sept 28, 2008)

4. Training Report on Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Masons in Dhangadhi Municipality (Oct 20 – Oct 23, 2008)

5. Training Report on Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings / Nepal National Building Code and its Implementation Strategy for Municipal Engineers in Birendranagar Municipality (Nov 19 – Nov 23, 2008)

6. Report of Training Program on Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for

Masons in Pokhara February 16 - 19, 2009

7. Report of the Training Program on Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Supervisors in Dhangadhi June 01 - 04, 2009

8. Report of the Training Program on Vulnerability Assessment of Buildings / Retrofitting and Recovery Preparedness for Municipal Engineers in Pokhara July 19 – 22, 2009

9. Report of Training Program on Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Masons in Birendranagar August 28 - 31, 2009



10. Report of the Training Program on Structural Analysis and Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings Using SAP 2000 and Implementation of National Building Code of Nepal for Municipal Engineers in Biratnagar October 25 – 30, 2009

11. Report of the Training Program on Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings / Nepal

National Building Code and its Implementation Strategy for Municipal Engineers in Hetauda November 26 – 30, 2009

Sensitization / PEA Reports

1. Sensitization Report on "Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness" for Architects, Engineers and Sub-Engineers in Biratnagar Sub Metropolitan City (Dec 6, 2008)

2. Sensitization Report on "Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness" for Municipal Officials and Community Members in Birendranagar Municipality (November 21, 2008)

3. Sensitization Report on "Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness" for Municipal Officials and Community Members in Dhangadhi Municipality (October 24, 2008)

4. Sensitization Report on "Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness" for Municipal

Officials and Community Members in Hetauda Municipality (September 26, 2008)

5. Sensitization Report on "Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness" for Municipal Officials and Community Members in Pokhara Sub Metropolitan City (July 31, 2008)

6. Report of the Public Education and Awareness (PEA) on Earthquake Safety and Preparedness for Risk Reduction in Biratnagar: Target Group: Technical Persons, House Owners including Community Members and Municipal Staff November 1, 2009

7. Report of the Public Education and Awareness (PEA) on Earthquake Safe Buildings,

Recovery Preparedness and Orientation on Municipal Profile / Land Use Practice in terms of Earthquake Risk and Vulnerability in Birendranagar Target Group: Municipal Engineers, Technical Persons, House Owners including Community Members and Municipal Staff September 1, 2009

8. Report of the Public Education and Awareness (PEA) on Earthquake Safety and

Preparedness for Risk Reduction in Hetauda Target Group: Engineers and Sub-Engineers December 1, 2009

9. Report of the Sensitization Program on Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness in

Pokhara Target Group: Engineers and Sub-Engineers March 14, 2009

10. Final Report on Conduction of Earthquake Orientation Programs and Earthquake Safety Drills in Schools of Nepal (10 in Kathmandu Valley, 2 in Dhangadhi and 2 in Surkhet)



Study Reports

1. Preparation of Municipal Profile in terms of earthquake Risk and vulnerability and report

on “Impact of Settlement pattern, land use practice and option in high risk areas of five

programme municipalities.

2. Structural Vulnerability Assessments and Structural Design for Seismic Retrofitting works

of Existing Public building in five programme municipalities

3. Preparation of review report on existing government and municipal policies on earthquake

risk reduction, preparedness and response

4. Preparation of recommendation report for update of Nepal National Building Code.

5. Preparation of Seismic Vulnerability Evaluation Guideline for Private and Public Building

(For pre disaster vulnerability and post disaster damage assessment

6. Preparation of Recovery Principle and Guideline

7. Preparation of Training Manual on Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings / Nepal

National Building Code and its Implementation strategy

8. Preparation of Mason Training Guideline and Mason Training Manual on Earthquake

Resistant Construction of Buildings

9. Documentation of indigenous knowledge and technology for safer building

10. Report on Earthquake Vulnerability of Mobile Towers and Associated Structures in Kathmandu Valley

Nepali and English Translation of Study Reports

1. Translation of “Recommendation Report for Update of Nepal National Building Code”

into Nepali Language

2. Translation of Review Report on Existing Government and Municipal Policies on

Earthquake Risk Reduction, Preparedness and Response into Nepali

3. Translation of Building Act – 2055 and Building Regulation -2066 into English

4. Seismic Vulnerability Evaluation guideline for public and Private Building (Pre disaster

vulnerability and post disaster damage assessment into Nepali

5. Translation of Municipal Profile in terms of earthquake Risk and vulnerability and report

on “Impact of Settlement pattern, land use practice and option in high risk areas of five

programme municipalities in to Nepali



Annex B: List of Trainings, Sensitization / PEA program Conducted List of Trainings

1. Training Program on Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Supervisors in Biratnagar Sub-Metropolitan City (June 22-24, 2008)

2. Training Program on "Structural Analysis and Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings

Using SAP 2000 and Nepal National Building Code " for Municipal Engineers in Pokhara Sub Metropolitan City (July 27 – August 2, 2008)

3. Training Program on Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Masons in Hetauda Municipality (Sept 25 – Sept 28, 2008)

4. Training Program on Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Masons in Dhangadhi Municipality (Oct 20 – Oct 23, 2008)

5. Training Program on Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings / Nepal National Building Code and its Implementation Strategy for Municipal Engineers in Birendranagar Municipality (Nov 19 – Nov 23, 2008)

6. Training Program on Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Masons in Pokhara February 16 - 19, 2009

7. Training Program on Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Supervisors in Dhangadhi June 01 - 04, 2009

8. Training Program on Vulnerability Assessment of Buildings / Retrofitting and Recovery Preparedness for Municipal Engineers in Pokhara July 19 – 22, 2009

9. Training Program on Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings for Masons in

Birendranagar August 28 - 31, 2009

10. Training Program on Structural Analysis and Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings Using SAP 2000 and Implementation of National Building Code of Nepal for Municipal Engineers in Biratnagar October 25 – 30, 2009

11. Training Program on Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings / Nepal National Building

Code and its Implementation Strategy for Municipal Engineers in Hetauda November 26 – 30, 2009



List of Sensitization / PEA Program conducted

1. Sensitization Program on "Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness" for Architects, Engineers and Sub-Engineers in Biratnagar Sub Metropolitan City (Dec 6, 2008)

2. Sensitization Program on "Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness" for Municipal Officials and Community Members in Birendranagar Municipality (November 21, 2008)

3. Sensitization Program on "Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness" for Municipal Officials and Community Members in Dhangadhi Municipality (October 24, 2008)

4. Sensitization Program on "Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness" for Municipal

Officials and Community Members in Hetauda Municipality (September 26, 2008)

5. Sensitization Program on "Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness" for Municipal Officials and Community Members in Pokhara Sub Metropolitan City (July 31, 2008)

6. Sensitization Program on Earthquake Risk Reduction and Preparedness in Pokhara Target Group: Engineers and Sub-Engineers March 14, 2009

7. Public Education and Awareness (PEA) on Earthquake Safe Buildings, Recovery Preparedness and Orientation on Municipal Profile / Land Use Practice in terms of Earthquake Risk and Vulnerability in Birendranagar Target Group: Municipal Engineers, Technical Persons, House Owners including Community Members and Municipal Staff September 1, 2009

8. Public Education and Awareness (PEA) on Earthquake Safety and Preparedness for Risk Reduction in Biratnagar: Target Group: Technical Persons, House Owners including Community Members and Municipal Staff November 1, 2009

9. Public Education and Awareness (PEA) on Earthquake Safety and Preparedness for Risk

Reduction in Hetauda Target Group: Engineers and Sub-Engineers December 1, 2009

10. Public Education and Awareness (PEA) on Earthquake Safety and Preparedness for Risk Reduction in Dhangadhi Target Group: Engineers and Sub-Engineers December 9, 2010

11. Earthquake Orientation Programs and Earthquake Safety Drills in 14 Schools of Nepal. 2010



Annex C: List of ERRRP Project Personnel

Name Position Held E- Mail Address Join Date Left Date

Mr. Suresh Prakash Acharya

National Programme Director

[email protected] March 11, 2009

March 31, 2011

Mr. Sagar Krishna Joshi

National Programme Manager

[email protected]

[email protected] Dec 15, 2009

March 31, 2011

Ms. Chandra Laxmi Hada

Project Engineer - Training

[email protected]

[email protected] April 1, 2008

March 31, 2011

Mr. Randhir Kumar Singh

Field Coordinator & Project Assistant

[email protected]

[email protected] Feb 1, 2008

March 31, 2011

Mr. Tam Bahadur Karki

Driver Feb 1, 2008 March 31,

2011

Mr. Ram Sharan Thapa

Messenger [email protected]

[email protected] Feb 1, 2008

January31, 2011

Mr. Niyam Maharjan Project Engineer -

Structure

[email protected]

April 1, 2008 Dec 31, 2010

Ms. Liva Shrestha Project Engineer -

Structure [email protected] August 10,

2010 Dec 31, 2010

Mr. Laxman Raja Shrestha

Admin Finance Associate

[email protected] Feb 1, 2008 Dec 31, 2010

Mr. Amrit Man Tuladhar

National Programme Manager

Feb 1, 2008 Dec 14, 2010

Mr. Om Dharananada Rajopadhaya

National Programme Director

Dec 7, 2008 Feb 1, 2009

Mr. Kishore Thapa National Programme

Director Feb 1, 2008 Nov 30, 2008


1

Annex D: Activity Result wise Expenditure

Particulars 2008 2009 2010 Grand Total

Japan Fund

UNDP Fund

Total % Japan Fund

UNDP Fund

Total % Japan Fund

UNDP Fund

Total % Japan Fund

UNDP Fund

Total %

Activity Result : 1 Earthquake risk, vulnerability and capacity assessment conducted in the project areas

20,595.99

20,596

11

14,173

25,227

39,400

13 4,257

9,214

13,471

4 39,026

34,440

73,466

9

Activity Result 2.Capacities of government institutions and communities enhanced to adapt and implement earthquake preparedness planning and safe construction practice

65,243.81

65,244

35

63,605

33,424

97,029

32 41,036

19,472

60,508

17 169,885

52,897

222,781

26

Activity Result 3: Capacity of the government strengthened in disaster recovery preparedness

1,591.80

1,592

1

17,569

3,484

21,053

7 5,545

127

5,671

2 24,705

3,611

28,316

3

Activity Result 4 Capacities of the government developed to implement national disaster management framework by supporting locally appropriate solutions for earthquake risk reduction proposed by Nepal

6,267.78

6,268

3

14,754

47,270

62,024

20 142,434

48,967

191,402

54 163,456

96,238

259,693

31

Programme Support 89,262.04

89,262

48

64,610

17,642

82,251

27 44,206

39,654

83,859

24 198,078

57,295

255,373

30

Monitoring and Communication

- 7,413

7,413

2 - 7,413

- 7,413

1

Realised/Unrealised Gain &L oss

4,801.09

4,801

3

(4,479)

253

(4,479)

(1)

(197)

255

58

0 125

508

633

0

Total 187,762.51

- 187,763

100

177,645

127,299

304,692

100 237,280

117,689

354,969

100 602,688

244,988

847,676

100

Japan Fund Expenditure

in % 71.10

UNDP Fund Expenditure

in % 28.90
