renaissance renaissance 1300’s ( 14 th ) northern italy later in northern europe

RENAISSANCE RENAISSANCE

1300’S ( 141300’S ( 14THTH) )

NORTHERN ITALYNORTHERN ITALY

LATER IN NORTHERN EUROPE LATER IN NORTHERN EUROPE

Renaissance Renaissance

French for “re-birth” “reawakening”French for “re-birth” “reawakening”

Term first used by artist and historian Term first used by artist and historian VASARI VASARI – used term to describe the – used term to describe the

art of “ rare men of genius” art of “ rare men of genius”

TERM CAME TO BE USED TO TERM CAME TO BE USED TO DESCRIBE MANY ASPECTS OF LIFE DESCRIBE MANY ASPECTS OF LIFE

Rebirth/ Reawakening Rebirth/ Reawakening

Of an interest in Classical Of an interest in Classical civilization civilization

Greek and Roman Greek and Roman

WHY NORTHERN WHY NORTHERN ITALY?ITALY? NO 100 YRS WARNO 100 YRS WAR CLOSE TO ROME- reminder of CLOSE TO ROME- reminder of

Classical civilization Classical civilization UNIVERSITIES- scholars UNIVERSITIES- scholars HAD MONEY…MONEY …MONEY- HAD MONEY…MONEY …MONEY-

money from… coming up money from… coming up

City- states City- states

Northern Italian cities were city- statesNorthern Italian cities were city- states WHO?WHO? GENOA, VENICE, MILAN, AND GENOA, VENICE, MILAN, AND FLORENCE FLORENCE

CITIES WERE RULED BY CITIES WERE RULED BY OLIGARCHIES OLIGARCHIES OR OR SIGNORISSIGNORIS WHO WHO HAD HAD CONDOTTIERI CONDOTTIERI

FLORENCE FLORENCE

Was the city that led the Was the city that led the Renaissance Renaissance

MONEY FROM MONEY FROM

SHIPPING- ?? Place of revival of SHIPPING- ?? Place of revival of long distance trade long distance trade

TRADE – wool trade TRADE – wool trade BANKING- BANKING-

Renaissance Renaissance

Was about change:Was about change: SocialSocial PoliticalPolitical EconomicEconomic

Renaissance included Renaissance included new attitudes new attitudes INDIVIDUALISM INDIVIDUALISM SECULARISMSECULARISM HUMANISM HUMANISM

THESE NEW ATTITUDES WERE THESE NEW ATTITUDES WERE FOUND IN THE UPPER FOUND IN THE UPPER CLASS/URBAN NOBILITY CLASS/URBAN NOBILITY

EASIEST WAY TO UNDERSTAND EASIEST WAY TO UNDERSTAND THE NEW ATTITUDES IS TO LOOK THE NEW ATTITUDES IS TO LOOK AT THE ATTITUDES OF THE AT THE ATTITUDES OF THE MIDDLE AGES FIRSTMIDDLE AGES FIRST

MIDDLE AGES MIDDLE AGES /RENAISSANCE /RENAISSANCE -MIDDLE AGES: ATTITUDE : THE -MIDDLE AGES: ATTITUDE : THE

PARISH- THE GROUP- WE- PARISH- THE GROUP- WE- CONFORMITY- CONSENSUSCONFORMITY- CONSENSUS

RENAISSANCE: RENAISSANCE: INDIVIDUALISMINDIVIDUALISM I AM IMPORTANTI AM IMPORTANT IT IS OK TO BE FAMOUSIT IS OK TO BE FAMOUS

IT IS OK TO BE DIFFERENTIT IS OK TO BE DIFFERENT NEW ART FORMS: INDIVIDUAL NEW ART FORMS: INDIVIDUAL

PORTRAITSPORTRAITS NEW FORM OF LITERATURE: NEW FORM OF LITERATURE:

AUTOBIOGRAPHY AUTOBIOGRAPHY

22ndnd comparison comparison

MIDDLE AGES: MIDDLE AGES: THE PURPOSE OF STUDY WAS TO THE PURPOSE OF STUDY WAS TO

KNOW GODKNOW GOD SOURCE OF STUDY- THE BIBLE SOURCE OF STUDY- THE BIBLE

RENAISSANCE RENAISSANCE ATTITUDE ATTITUDE HUMANISMHUMANISM PURPOSE OF STUDY IS TO KNOW PURPOSE OF STUDY IS TO KNOW

MANMAN SOURCE OF INFO – THE CLASSICSSOURCE OF INFO – THE CLASSICS ( writings of Greeks and Romans)( writings of Greeks and Romans) THE FATHER OF HUMANISM WAS THE FATHER OF HUMANISM WAS

PETRARCHPETRARCH

HUMANISMHUMANISM

MIRANDOLA WROTE THAT MIRANDOLA WROTE THAT

“ “ ON THE DIGNITY OF MAN”ON THE DIGNITY OF MAN”

… … MAN CAN DO ALL THINGS… MAN CAN DO ALL THINGS…

… … HUMAN POTENTIAL IS LIMITLESS HUMAN POTENTIAL IS LIMITLESS

LAST NEW ATTITUDE LAST NEW ATTITUDE SECULARISM SECULARISM MIDDLE AGE ATTITUDE MIDDLE AGE ATTITUDE RELIGION- HEAVEN- SALVATION- RELIGION- HEAVEN- SALVATION-

THE SOUL THE SOUL

SECULARISMSECULARISM WORLDY POSSESSIONS- OK!WORLDY POSSESSIONS- OK! EMHASIS ON THE HERE AND NOWEMHASIS ON THE HERE AND NOW

MONEY- LUXURIES ARE OK!!MONEY- LUXURIES ARE OK!!

LORENZO VALLA – AUTHOR OF LORENZO VALLA – AUTHOR OF ““ON PLEASURE” ON PLEASURE” - SAID THAT PLEASURE WAS THE - SAID THAT PLEASURE WAS THE

HIGHEST GOOD… (yikes!) HIGHEST GOOD… (yikes!)

In addition to the new In addition to the new attitudes attitudes New forms of vernacular writing:New forms of vernacular writing: ““How to” books….How to” books….

THE COURTIER- BY CASTIGLIONE THE COURTIER- BY CASTIGLIONE WAS A BOOK ON HOW TO BE A WAS A BOOK ON HOW TO BE A

GENTLEMANGENTLEMAN A GENTLEMAN SHOULD BE ABLE TO A GENTLEMAN SHOULD BE ABLE TO

::

DANCEDANCE FIGHTFIGHT RECITE POETRYRECITE POETRY SPEAK WELL .. AND KNOW THE SPEAK WELL .. AND KNOW THE

CLASSICS CLASSICS

Another “how to” book Another “how to” book

THE PRINCE THE PRINCE AUTHOR: MACHIAVELLIAUTHOR: MACHIAVELLI ““perhaps the most famous book perhaps the most famous book

written during the Renaissance”written during the Renaissance”

The Prince was about how to The Prince was about how to Gain, use and keep POWERGain, use and keep POWER

Political action cannot be judged by Political action cannot be judged by morality but should be judged on how morality but should be judged on how effective the political action/ power iseffective the political action/ power is

““the end justifies the means”the end justifies the means” Meaning?Meaning? Power and ruthlessness are more Power and ruthlessness are more

important than idealismimportant than idealism

“ “ It is better to be feared than It is better to be feared than loved”loved”

Meaning?Meaning?

““The end justifies the means”The end justifies the means”

Meaning? Meaning?

The word MACHIAVELLIAN today The word MACHIAVELLIAN today meansmeans

Ruthless, crafty… willing to do Ruthless, crafty… willing to do whatever it takes to achieve goalswhatever it takes to achieve goals

Two later important historical Two later important historical figures used Machiavelli’s ideas:figures used Machiavelli’s ideas:

RICHELIEAU AND BISMARCK RICHELIEAU AND BISMARCK

THE ART THE ART

The most famous part of the The most famous part of the Renaissance Renaissance

MEDIEVAL ART MEDIEVAL ART

RELIGIOUS RELIGIOUS STIFF- FORMALSTIFF- FORMAL SOME TAPESTRIES ( in castles) SOME TAPESTRIES ( in castles) IN CHURCHESIN CHURCHES AUDIENCE: because art was in AUDIENCE: because art was in

churches- everyone churches- everyone

Most notable aspect of Most notable aspect of the Renaissance was the Renaissance was the ART the ART ITALIANS WERE WILLING TO SPEND A ITALIANS WERE WILLING TO SPEND A

LOT OF MONEY LOT OF MONEY ON ARTON ART ARTART COMMUNICATED SOCIAL, COMMUNICATED SOCIAL,

POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC VALUES POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC VALUES ITALIAN BANKING AND INTERNATIONAL ITALIAN BANKING AND INTERNATIONAL

TRADE FAMILIES HAD MONEY TRADE FAMILIES HAD MONEY ARTART WAS USED AS A FORM OF WAS USED AS A FORM OF

COMPETITION – AMONG A NEW CLASS COMPETITION – AMONG A NEW CLASS OF PEOPLE= URBAN NOBILITY OF PEOPLE= URBAN NOBILITY

RENAISSANCE ART RENAISSANCE ART

PATRONS:PATRONS: THE WEALTHY ( URBAN NOBILTY) THE WEALTHY ( URBAN NOBILTY) THE CHURCH THE CHURCH GUILDS GUILDS

STYLES AND STYLES AND TECHNIQUES TECHNIQUES PERSPECTIVE PERSPECTIVE LIGHT AND SHADING LIGHT AND SHADING “CHIAROSCURO“CHIAROSCURO”” REVIVAL OF CLASSICAL STYLES REVIVAL OF CLASSICAL STYLES THE BEAUTY OF THE HUMAN BODY THE BEAUTY OF THE HUMAN BODY GEOMETRICAL ARRANGEMENT OF GEOMETRICAL ARRANGEMENT OF

FIGURES FIGURES NEW OIL BASED PAINT NEW OIL BASED PAINT AT FIRST EMPAHSIZED RELIGIOUS AT FIRST EMPAHSIZED RELIGIOUS

THEMESTHEMES

LATERLATER

THE BEAUTY OF THE HUMAN THE BEAUTY OF THE HUMAN BODYBODY

LATER STILL…LATER STILL… MYTHS…MYTHS… INDIVIDUAL PORTRAITS INDIVIDUAL PORTRAITS GROUP PORTRAITS GROUP PORTRAITS

GIOTTO GIOTTO

ITALIAN ITALIAN ““LED THE WAY” “FATHER OF LED THE WAY” “FATHER OF

RENAISSANCE PAINTING” RENAISSANCE PAINTING” USE OF REALISM USE OF REALISM ROUNDED, MORE HUMAN LIKE ROUNDED, MORE HUMAN LIKE A BIT OF EMOTION A BIT OF EMOTION

THE MEETING AT THE THE MEETING AT THE GOLDEN GATE GOLDEN GATE

What characteristics of Ren art What characteristics of Ren art can you see?can you see?

DONATELLO DONATELLO

FATHER OF MODERN SCULPTURE FATHER OF MODERN SCULPTURE THE FIRST FREE STANDING THE FIRST FREE STANDING

STATUE SINCE CLASSICAL TIME STATUE SINCE CLASSICAL TIME

YOUNG DAVID YOUNG DAVID

What characteristics of Ren art What characteristics of Ren art can you see?can you see?

Mary Magdalene Mary Magdalene

That was different That was different

MASACCIO MASACCIO

““FATHER” OF MODERN PAINTING FATHER” OF MODERN PAINTING FIRST NUDES SINCE CLASSICAL TIME FIRST NUDES SINCE CLASSICAL TIME USE OF LIGHT AND DARK-USE OF LIGHT AND DARK-

CHIAROSCUROCHIAROSCURO REALISM …well REALISM …well EXPANDED ON GIOTTO’S WORKEXPANDED ON GIOTTO’S WORK FIRSTFIRST TO “ really” USE PERSPECTIVE TO “ really” USE PERSPECTIVE

NEED TO KNOW NEED TO KNOW

EXPULSION FROM THE EXPULSION FROM THE

GARDEN GARDEN

( Adam and Eve)( Adam and Eve)

Renaissance characteristics??Renaissance characteristics??

THE TRIBUTE THE TRIBUTE

( scene shows Jesus and Apostles- ( scene shows Jesus and Apostles- Jesus was asked the question Jesus was asked the question about taxes)about taxes)

GHIBERTI GHIBERTI

DESIGNER OF THE BRONZE DESIGNER OF THE BRONZE DOORS DOORS FOR THE CATHEDRAL IN FOR THE CATHEDRAL IN FLORENCE FLORENCE

DOESN’T LOOK LIKE DOESN’T LOOK LIKE MUCH…. BUT MUCH…. BUT

BRUNELLESCHIBRUNELLESCHI

COMMISSIONED TO BUILD A COMMISSIONED TO BUILD A CATHEDRAL( Duomo) DOME BY CATHEDRAL( Duomo) DOME BY CLOTH MERCHANTS IN FLORENCE CLOTH MERCHANTS IN FLORENCE

USED THE PANTHEON AS A USED THE PANTHEON AS A MODELMODEL

-what was the Pantheon ?-what was the Pantheon ?

NTK NTK

Michelangelo, Raphael and Da Michelangelo, Raphael and Da Vinci Vinci

All worked in Rome around the All worked in Rome around the year 1500-year 1500-

The time ( 1500) is often revered The time ( 1500) is often revered to as the “High Renaissance” to as the “High Renaissance” because of the greatness of the because of the greatness of the works created by all three artistsworks created by all three artists

MICHELANGELO MICHELANGELO

SCULPTOR SCULPTOR ARCHITECT ARCHITECT PAINTER PAINTER

THE PIETA THE PIETA

Check out the detailCheck out the detail

DAVID DAVID

Michelangelo was an Michelangelo was an architect architect You need to know that he You need to know that he

designed…designed…

DESIGNER OF ST. DESIGNER OF ST. PETER’S DOME PETER’S DOME

INSIDE THE DOME INSIDE THE DOME

THE SISTINE CHAPEL THE SISTINE CHAPEL

WHAT WAS MICHELANGELO WHAT WAS MICHELANGELO SAYING??SAYING??

THE LAST JUDGMENT THE LAST JUDGMENT

DA VINCI DA VINCI

BEST EXAMPLE OF A BEST EXAMPLE OF A RENAISSANCE MAN RENAISSANCE MAN

DID MANY THINGS AND DID MANY DID MANY THINGS AND DID MANY THINGS WELL THINGS WELL

THE MOST FAMOUS THE MOST FAMOUS PAINTING IN THE WORLDPAINTING IN THE WORLD MONA LISA MONA LISA

SELF PORTRAIT SELF PORTRAIT

THE ANNUNCIATION THE ANNUNCIATION

VITRUVIAN MAN VITRUVIAN MAN

NAME “VITRUVIAN” IS TAKEN NAME “VITRUVIAN” IS TAKEN FROM THAT OF A FIRST CENTURY FROM THAT OF A FIRST CENTURY ROMAN ARCHITECT AND ROMAN ARCHITECT AND ENGINEER WHO USED SQUARES ENGINEER WHO USED SQUARES AND CIRCLES TO SHOW THE AND CIRCLES TO SHOW THE BODY’S SYMMETRY.BODY’S SYMMETRY.

THE LAST SUPPER THE LAST SUPPER

THE SKETCHBOOK THE SKETCHBOOK

HUMAN ANATOMYHUMAN ANATOMY INVENTIONSINVENTIONS MANY MILITARY DESIGNS MANY MILITARY DESIGNS

The Grotesques The Grotesques

RAPHAEL RAPHAEL

THE SCHOOL OF ATHENS THE SCHOOL OF ATHENS

RAPHAEL RAPHAEL

MADONNAS MADONNAS THE SCHOOL OF ATHENS THE SCHOOL OF ATHENS

( located in the Vatican) ( located in the Vatican)

Shows Plato and Aristotle Shows Plato and Aristotle surrounded by other great surrounded by other great philosophers and scientists philosophers and scientists

Who does the baby Who does the baby Jesus look like?Jesus look like?

ADD THIS NAME…ADD THIS NAME…

BOTTECELLI BOTTECELLI PRIMAVERA PRIMAVERA

THE BIRTH OF VENUS THE BIRTH OF VENUS