si 657 - crowdsourcing translation and semi-connected content distribution

Kathleen Ludewig Omollo, Bob RiddleUMMS Office of Enabling Tech - Open.Michigan Initiative

Audience: SI 657 IT and International DevelopmentOct. 31, 2013

Download slides: http://www.slideshare.net/kludewig

Except where otherwise noted, this work is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.Copyright 2013 The Regents of the University of Michigan

Overview of Department /

Initiatives

Captioning and

Translation

Flexible Offline

Wireless Networks

Approaches for Translation & Adaptable Technologies to

Overcome Limited Connectivity

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Office of Enabling Technologies (part of Medical School Information Services)

The Office of Enabling Technologies aims to strategically enhance learning experiences at individual, team, institutional, and international levels through novel uses of information services. By leveraging a diverse toolset of technologies, design and research principles, and interdisciplinary partnerships, we empower our community to lead in the rapidly changing healthcare environment.

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Office of Enabling Technologies Featured Initiatives for Talk

• Open.Michigan Initiative • African Health Open Educational Resources

Network

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Open.Michigan Initiative

Open.Michigan enables University of Michigan faculty, students, staff and others to share their educational resources and research with the world. Our two primary goals:•to sustain a thriving culture of sharing knowledge at U-M; and•to provide comprehensive public access to all of U-M’s scholarly output.

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Image CC:BY-SA Colleen Simon (Flickr)

Free

Public

Under some licenses to use, adapt, redistribute

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Open.Michigan:Attributes of Content That Is “Open”

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Context: Health Disparities

6Source: World Health Organization. Working Together for Health: The World Health Report 2006. WHO Publications: Geneva. 2006.

Context for Global Activities: Disparities

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Image CC:BY-NC-SA 350.org (Flickr)

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Context: Health DisparitiesContext for Global Activities: Increased demand for education

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Image CC:BY-NC University of Ghana

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Context: Health DisparitiesContext for Global Activities: Limited space and instructors available

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Image CC:BY-NC-SA Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology

When you look in textbooks it’s difficult to find African cases.

[S]ometimes it can be confusing when you see something that you see on white skin so nicely and very easy to pick up, but on the dark skin it has a different manifestation that may be difficult to see.

Professor at Partner Institution in Ghana

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Context: Health DisparitiesContext for Global Activities: Lack of relevant materials

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Image CC:BY Sherrie Thai (Flickr)

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Advance health education in Africa by:

•Creating and promoting free, openly licensed teaching materials created by Africans to share knowledge

•Identifying and addressing curriculum gaps

•Bridging health education communities

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Context: Health DisparitiesAfrican Health OER Network

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Context: Health DisparitiesAfrican Health OER Network:Partners in 2008

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Context: Health DisparitiesAfrican Health OER Network:Current Partners

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Captioning and Translation:Context

Problem: Most of the Open.Michigan and African Health OER Network materials are in English only.

Goal: Make our materials available to a wider audience of learners around the world.

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Captioning and Translation:Considerations

• Consent for and copyright of content • Translations are derivative works and

require permission from the copyright owner. Use existing openly licensed works.

• Professional translators are expensive • Crowdsource, partner, short videos

• Tools to manage volunteers/languages • GoogleForm, Amara.org, YouTube 14

Captioning and Translation: Lessons

1. Provide captions in source language 2. If instructional, review for quality

by subject matter experts3. Design workflows to accommodate

volunteers with varying levels of time commitment, windows of available, levels of subject knowledge and language fluency. 15

Captioning and Translation: Lessons

4. Recruit volunteers with the necessary language and subject matter expertise using formal and informal social networks

5. Develop a lexicon of core technical terms for the given subject

6. Use software to manage parallel translations and versioning 16

Captioning and Translation: Lessons

7. Arrange proofreading 8. Review formatting of translations

for consistency of style9. Recognize or reward the

contributions of volunteers 10. Promote the results (more

volunteers, more learners)17

Captioning and Translation: Partners

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Captioning and Translation: Recognizing Volunteers

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Captioning and Translation: Translator View in Amara.org

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Translation 21

Captioning and Translation: Delivery on YouTube

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LANGUAGE # VIDEOS

SPANISH (PRIORITY) 53

PORTUGUESE (PRIORITY) 28

JAPANESE 22

FRENCH (PRIORITY) 14

RUSSIAN 7

ROMANIAN 5

GANDA 3

SWAHILI (PRIORITY) 2

ARABIC 2

DANISH 1

CHINESE (SIMPLIFIED) 1

CHINESE (TRADITIONAL) 1

TOTAL CAPTIONS 139

AFFILIATION OF VOLUNTEERS

# VOLUNTEERS

UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN ACTIVE MEMBER OR ALUMNI

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EXTERNAL OR UNKNOWN 35

# LANGUAGES PER VIDEO OTHER THAN ENGLISH

# VIDEOS

6 3

5 2

4 5

3 6

2 36

1 1

TOTAL VIDEOS *31 VIDEOS IN ORIGINAL CAMPAIGN 53

Translation 22

Captioning and Translation: Results to Date

# VOLUNTEERS PER COMPLETED TRANSLATION

# CAPTIONS

2 (TRANSLATOR AND REVIEWER)

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1 96

TOTAL 139# CAPTIONS CONTRIBUTED

# VOLUNTEERS

CONTRIBUTED 1 OR MORE

35

1 12

MAX = 31 1

MEDIAN 2

MEAN 4.63

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African Health OER Network: Online Distribution Channels

• High technology cost• Limited technology availability (equipment, understaffed dept.) • Unpredictable infrastructure

noii’s, flickr

lydia_shiningbrightly, flickr

Content Distribution:Common Challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa

• provide a local wireless network …• provide content via web browser …• provide content via file or app server …• do this with or without the Internet …• do it with or without an electrical outlet …• do all of this for <=$200 …

Offline & Semi-Connected Distribution:Goals

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Raspberry Pi and TPLink (configured for Library Box) are both solutions for providing digital content to laptops, smartphone, and tablets with wireless network capability in areas with unreliable electricity, no or inadequate Internet service, and limited physical or human infrastructure for technology. Connect the USB storage device and the content is available to users in range of the wireless “neighborhood”. Just plug it in to activate. Unplug it when done.

Raspberry Pi Model B26

Offline & Semi-Connected Distribution:Devices

Library Box (http://librarybox.us) similarities with Raspberry Pi:•provide digital content over local wireless network capability in areas •Can connect to rechargable battery pack for backup power source•Connect the USB storage device and the content is available to users in range of the wireless “neighborhood”

Differences: •PirateBox allows local peer to peer file sharing (read and write). •Library Box is read only for users•Raspberry Pi has a full Linux operating system, which allows full applications and more customization of services (e.g. Dropbox, Moodle), and user interface.

Offline & Semi-Connected Distribution:Devices

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Questions?

Email: open.michigan@umich.edu

Translation: http://openmi.ch/translation-overview

Offline and Semi-Offline Networks: http://openmi.ch/rasppi-wiki

Open.Michigan Website: http://open.umich.edu/

African Health OER Network Newsletter: http://openmi.ch/healthoernetwork-newsletter

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