simple present presentation
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Basic Grammar& Simple Present
By: Prof. Carlos F. Barba Alférez
NounsWhat is a Noun?A noun is a part of speech that denotes a person, animal, place, thing, or idea. The English word noun has its roots in the Latin word nomen, which means “name.” Every language has words that are nouns. As you read the following explanations, think about some words that might fit into each category.
Personal PronounsIYOUHE SHEIT
WE THEY
HE SHEIT
3RD PERSON
VERB TO BE
AMSER
ESTAR
VERB TO BE
AMSER
ESTARI
VERB TO BE
AMMexican
in MexicoI
VERB TO BE
ARESER
ESTAR
YouWeThey
VERB TO BE
AREMexicans
in Mexico
YouWeThey
plurals
VERB TO BE
ISSER
ESTAR
VERB TO BE
ISMexican
in Mexico
HeSheIt
singulars
PRONOUN + VERB TO BE
I YOUHESHEITWE THEY
amareisare
My mum's name ___ Angie. She ___ from Germany.is
is
Bob is my dad. He ____ a waiter.is
My sons live in London. But they ____ mexicans.are
My name ____ Carlos.I ______ a teacher.
isam
1. For repeated or regular actions in the present time
period.
I take the train to the office.
The train to Berlin leaves every hour.
3RD PERSON (It)
1ST PERSON (I)
2. For facts.
The President of The USA lives in The White House.
A dog has four legs. 3RD PERSON (It)
3RD PERSON (HE)
For habits.
I get up early every day.
Carol brushes her teeth twice a day
3RD PERSON (She)
1ST PERSON (I)
For things that are always /
generally true.
It rains a lot in winter.
The Queen of England lives in Buckingham Palace.
3RD PERSON (She)
3rd PERSON (It)
Verb Conjugation & Spelling
We form the present tense using the base form of the infinitive
(without the TO).
In general, in the third
person we add 'S' in the third
person.
For verbs that end in -O, -CH, -SH, -SS, -X, or -Z
we add -ES in the third person.
go – goes catch – catches wash – washes kiss – kisses fix – fixes buzz – buzzes
For verbs that end in a consonant + Y, we remove
the Y and add -IES.
marry – marries study – studies carry – carries worry – worries
For verbs that end in a vowel + Y, we just add -S.
play – plays enjoy – enjoys say – says
Negative Sentences in the Simple
Present Tense
To make a negative sentence in English we normally use Don't or Doesn't with all verbs EXCEPT To
Be and Modal verbs (can, might, should etc.).
Affirmative: You speak French.Negative: You don't speak French.
don’tIYouTheyWe
doesn’thesheit
Negative Contractions
Don't = Do notDoesn't = Does not
Word Order of Negative Sentences
Examples of Negative Sentences with Don't and Doesn't:
You don't speak Arabic. John doesn't speak Italian. We don't have time for a rest. It doesn't move. They don't want to go to the party. She doesn't like fish.
Questions in the Simple Present Tense
Doeshesheit
DoIYouTheyWe
ROOTS
SPEECH
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