standard of excellence - drakensberger sa course selection document.pdf · head and horns 10 10...

2016/12/06

1

Keuring / Selection

Standard of Excellence

This is the minimum standard for selection according to appearance and performance. The particular value of the Standard of Excellence in the development of the breed is easily recognised in the uniformity and general appearance of the Drakensberger.

Die Bou Van ‘n Bul / Build of a Bull

Onderkaak / Lower Jaw

Neusgate / Nostril

Neusspieël / Muzzle

Bek / Mouth

Kakebeen / Jaw

Gesig / FaceOog / Eye

Oogbank / Eyebrow

Voorkop / Forehead

Horing / HornKruin / Poll

Oor / Ear

Skof / Hump / crest

Bopunt van skouer-blaaie /Top of shoulder

Kambene / Chine

Nekstuk / NeckSkouerknop / Piont of shoulder

Keelvel / Dewlap

Elmboog / Elbow

Borsstuk / Brisket

Knie / Knee

Skeenbeen / Cannon Bone

Kootgewrig / PasternHoef / Hoof

Koot / Coronet

Duiwelskloutjies / Dew claws

Ribbes / Ribs

Buik / Belly

Lende / Lion Heupbeen /

Hook Bone

Kruisstuk / Rump

Stertwortel / Tailhead

Sitbeen / Pin Bone

Draaibeen/ Thrul - Hip joint

Buite Dye / Outer ThighKnie / Siftle

Lies / Flank

Waai van die been / Second Thigh

Binneboud & Spieël / Topside & Twist

Stert / Tail

Stertkwas / Brush / SwitchHakskeen / Hock

Skrotum / Scrotum

Skede / Sheath

Bolyn / Topline

Rug / Back

Middelstuk / BarrelAgterkwart / Hindquarter Voorkwart / Forequarter

Onderlyn / Underline

Hasellêer / Crops

2016/12/06

1

STANDARD of EXCELLENCE – Grading points

Bull CowGENERAL APPEARANCE 20 20

MASS AND SIZE FOR AGE 3 3

HEAD AND HORNS 10 10

NECK, HUMP AND DEWLAP 6 6

SHOULDERS, BRISKET, CHEST, RIBS AND BARREL 12 12

TOPLINE, BACK, LOIN, HIPS, RUMP AND TAIL 16 16

THIGHS, BREECH AND BUTTOCKS 12 10

LEGS, HOOVES AND BONE STRUCTURE 10 10

REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS 8 10

SKIN AND HAIR 3 3

TOTAL 100 100

GENERAL APPEARANCE 20 POINTS

BULL◦ A black coloured, well-adapted meat animal with a

strikingly long and deep body◦ Elegant, masculine head, form of eyes and head,

curve and diameter of horns, placement of neck, shape of hump and shoulders, length of back and rump, coat colour and texture.◦ Long body, deep, wide with attractive top and

underline.◦ As is evident from a flexible, thick skin, hair coat

and texture, strong flat bone and full, uniform meat coating.

2016/12/06

2

Depth

2016/12/06

3

GENERAL APPEARANCE 20 POINTS

Female◦ A black coloured, well-adapted meat animal with a

strikingly long body.◦ Elegant, feminine head, form of eyes and head, curve

and diameter of horns, lean, refined neck and neat attachment and placement of shoulders, length of back and rump, coat colour and texture.◦ Long body, relatively deep, large barrel with

attractive top and underline.◦ A flexible, thick skin, hair coat and texture, strong

flat bone and full, uniform meat coating.

2016/12/06

4

MASS AND SIZE FOR AGE - 3POINTS Sufficient size and mass for age based on

performance test data

HEAD AND HORNS - 10 POINTS BULL◦ Strong and masculine head◦ Eyes large, alert and set wide apart, eye arches

fairly prominent.◦ Muzzle broad with large black nostrils, well

developed jaw.◦ DEHORNED ANIMALS AND NATURALLY

HORNLESS ANIMALS ARE ALLOWED

2016/12/06

5

HEAD AND HORNS - 10 POINTS Female◦ Feminine ◦ DEHORNED ANIMALS AND NATURALLY

HORNLESS ANIMALS ARE ALLOWED - UNDER SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS

NECK, HUMP AND DEWLAP 6 POINTS

BULL NECK◦ Fairly short and strong, broad and well fleshed

above, deep, blending well with head and shoulders.

HUMP◦ Large, flat and properly attached to shoulders.

DEWLAP◦ Uniformly and well developed. Stretching from

jaw to brisket.

2016/12/06

6

NECK, HUMP AND DEWLAP 6 POINTS

Female NECK◦ Fine, lean and feminine although strong and deep,

blending well with head and shoulders.

HUMP◦ Almost no hump.

DEWLAP◦ Uniformly and well developed. Stretching from jaw

to brisket.

2016/12/06

7

SHOULDERS, BRISKET, CHEST, RIBS AND BARREL - 12 POINTS

SHOULDER◦ Deep, well covered and evenly fleshed. Smoothly

attached to chine and ribs, not loose. Chine not prominent.

BRISKET and CHEST◦ Wide and fairly deep, not prominent.◦ Deep, wide and full in crops and well filled behind

elbow. RIBS and BARREL◦ Well sprung, rounded and deep with a well

developed barrel.

Kambene / Chine

Ribbes / Ribs

Buik / Belly

2016/12/06

8

TOPLINE, BACK, LOIN, HIPS, RUMP AND TAIL - 16 POINTS

TOPLINE◦ Good length, straight from chine to hips.

BACK◦ Strikingly long, wide and evenly fleshed.

LOIN◦ Broad, full and thickly fleshed, blending smoothly into back

and rump.

HIPS◦ Wide and well-covered but not too prominent.

2016/12/06

9

TOPLINE, BACK, LOIN, HIPS, RUMP AND TAIL - 16 POINTS

Rump◦ Well filled without fat accumulation, noticeably

long, wide between thurls, wide between pin bones. Good length between hip and pin bone, drooping slightly from hip to pin bone therefore slightly roof-like. Pelvic vertebrae not too prominent.

Tail◦ Setting rather high but not too prominent.

Medium thickness, course switch, long (reaching below hocks).

2016/12/06

10

Kruis lengte /Length of rump

Effense val in kruis

Sitbeen / Pin Bone

Draaibeen/ Thrul - Hip joint

Breed / Wide Smal / Narrow

THIGHS, BREECH AND BUTTOCKSBULL 12 POINTS – COW 10 POINTS

THIGHS◦ Broad, deep and long, stretching well down to

hocks. Not excessively rounded.

BREECH◦ Broad, deep and long, stretching well down to

hocks. Not excessively rounded.

BUTTOCKS◦ Deep and full.◦ Only for the bulls

2016/12/06

11

BR

OE

K L

AA

G A

F TO

T B

Y H

AK

KE

LEGS, HOOVES AND BONE STRUCTURE - 10 POINTS

LEGS◦ Strong, straight and squarely placed. Bottom

shanks fairly short. Knees and hocks big and strong. Well muscled.

HOOVES◦ Large, hard, black and well rounded.

BONE STRUCTURE◦ Quality shown by strong, hard flat bone.

2016/12/06

12

MALE ORGANS 8 POINTS TESTICLES◦ Equally shaped, well developed and equally sized

testicles with minimum scrotum circumference according to minimum standards.

SHEATH ◦ Not excessively developed.

Not Fleshy , Small opening to the front, little skin preferable

FEMALE ORGANS 10 POINTS

UDDER◦ Large, flexible, long udder carried well forward and

well up behind. Not fleshy or pendulous. Large, branched milk veins.

TEATS◦ Of medium length, placed squarely, far apart. White

teats allowed.

2016/12/06

13

SKIN AND HAIR - 3 POINTS

SKIN◦ Thick, loose

and pliable.

HAIR◦ Blue-black hair of medium length and fineness.

Straight and shiny, coarser on neck and head.

STANDARD of EXCELLENCE – Grading points

Bull CowGENERAL APPEARANCE 20 20

MASS AND SIZE FOR AGE 3 3

HEAD AND HORNS 10 10

NECK, HUMP AND DEWLAP 6 6

SHOULDERS, BRISKET, CHEST, RIBS AND BARREL 12 12

TOPLINE, BACK, LOIN, HIPS, RUMP AND TAIL 16 16

THIGHS, BREECH AND BUTTOCKS 12 10

LEGS, HOOVES AND BONE STRUCTURE 10 10

REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS 8 10

SKIN AND HAIR 3 3

TOTAL 100 100

2016/12/06

14

MINIMUM STANDARDS At least 50% in all sub-sections of the standard

of Excellence BULLS◦ At Least 70% of total points achieved

Female◦ At least 60% of total points achieved

Disqualifications Disqualification reasons independent of the

degree should not be selected

Emphasis is placed on the function of the animal, and the type. Animals with hereditary defects or with shortcomings significantly impairing the function (in the opinion of the inspector) will be rejected.

2016/12/06

15

Disqualifications

General Appearance: A4 – DwarfismGeneral Appearance: A4 – Dwarfism

2016/12/06

16

General Appearance : A15 – Defective SkinGeneral Appearance : A15 – Defective Skin

Disqualifications

2016/12/06

17

Performance Standard Average of available indices should at

least be 90 Wean and/or year weight and 18 Month Phase C and D – Wean, ADG and FCR Exception rule may be excecuted for

exceptional muscling. For visually exceptional animals that does not make the required indices must achieve at least 2- for females and 2+ for bulls.

Performance: B2 – Average of indices below 90Performance: B2 – Average of indices below 90

Colour: C1 – White above belly lineColour: C1 – White above belly line

2016/12/06

18

Colour: C2 – Whole white switchColour: C2 – Whole white switch

Colour: C1 – White above belly line or on legsColour: C1 – White above belly line or on legs

Disqualifications

2016/12/06

19

Head and Horns: G2 – Skew faceHead and Horns: G2 – Skew face

Head and Horns: G3 – Skew muzzleHead and Horns: G3 – Skew muzzle

2016/12/06

20

Head and Horns: G4 – Undershot jawHead and Horns: G4 – Undershot jaw

Head and Horns: G5 – Overshot jawHead and Horns: G5 – Overshot jaw

Fore-quarter: H1 – Loose shouldersFore-quarter: H1 – Loose shoulders

2016/12/06

21

Fore-quarter : H2 – Falls away behind crops (pinched)Fore-quarter : H2 – Falls away behind crops (pinched)

Fore-quarter : H4 – Roofy shouldersFore-quarter : H4 – Roofy shoulders

2016/12/06

22

Disqualifications

Centre: I3 – Hunched backCentre: I3 – Hunched back

2016/12/06

23

Centre: I4 – Devils gripCentre: I4 – Devils grip

Disqualifications

2016/12/06

24

Legs and Hooves: Front legsK6 – Knees bent backwardLegs and Hooves: Front legsK6 – Knees bent backward

Legs and Hooves: Front legsK4 – Stag kneesLegs and Hooves: Front legsK4 – Stag knees

Hind legs

KORREK KO-HAKKIG KROMBENIG

2016/12/06

25

Legs and hooves: hind legs L3 – Too cow hockedLegs and hooves: hind legs L3 – Too cow hocked

KORREK KO-HAKKIG KROMBENIG

KORREK REGOP SLAPTRAP DEUR

Legs and Hooves: Pastern joints M1 – Pasterns tread throughLegs and Hooves: Pastern joints M1 – Pasterns tread through

Legs and Hooves: Pastern joints M2 – Slack pasternsLegs and Hooves: Pastern joints M2 – Slack pasterns

2016/12/06

26

Disqualifications

Legs and hooves: Claws N1 – Outgrowing clawsLegs and hooves: Claws N1 – Outgrowing claws

2016/12/06

27

Legs and hooves: Claws N2 – Claws curling inwards

Legs and hooves: Claws N2 – Claws curling inwards

Legs and hooves: Claws N3 – Lack of depth in heelLegs and hooves: Claws N3 – Lack of depth in heel

Legs and hooves: Claws N6 – Absence of by-claws (one or both)Legs and hooves: Claws N6 – Absence of by-claws (one or both)

2016/12/06

28

TailO3 – Congenital kink in upper third of tailTailO3 – Congenital kink in upper third of tail

Weight Circumf.

300 - 349 28cm

350 - 399 30cm

400 - 449 31cm

450 - 499 32cm

500 - 549 33cm

550 - 599 34cm

600+ 35cm

Male Reproductive Organs: Scrotum and TestesP1 – Size (refer to schedules)Male Reproductive Organs: Scrotum and TestesP1 – Size (refer to schedules)

2016/12/06

29

Male Reproductive Organs: Scrotum and TestesP3 – Testicles twisted excessivelyMale Reproductive Organs: Scrotum and TestesP3 – Testicles twisted excessively

Male Reproductive Organs: Scrotum and TestesP3 – Absence of epididymisMale Reproductive Organs: Scrotum and TestesP3 – Absence of epididymis

2016/12/06

30

NORMAAL HIPOPLASIE

Male Reproductive Organs: Scrotum and TestesP5 – HypoplasticMale Reproductive Organs: Scrotum and TestesP5 – Hypoplastic

Disqualification

2016/12/06

31

PROLAPS. DISKWALIFIKASIE

Male reproductive organs: SheathQ1 - Perpetual prolapseMale reproductive organs: SheathQ1 - Perpetual prolapse

Discrimination

Errors of different grades Points are deducted Can lead to disqualification

2016/12/06

32

Discrimination

Masculinity / Femininity: E1 – Ox-likeMasculinity / Femininity: E1 – Ox-like

2016/12/06

33

Masculinity / Femininity: E1 – Ox-likeMasculinity / Femininity: E1 – Ox-like

Manlikheid / Vroulikheid: E1 - OsagtigManlikheid / Vroulikheid: E1 - Osagtig

2016/12/06

34

Discriminations Head◦ Non-characteristic head◦ Not enough masculinity / Femininity

Neck, Hump and Dewlap◦ Lack of Neck muscles - Bulls◦ Not enough Dewlap

2016/12/06

35

Discriminations SHOULDERS, BRISKET, CHEST, RIBS AND

BARREL◦ Lack of Depth◦ Too narrow brisket◦ Flat / Lack of capacity

Centre: I1 - Hollow backCentre: I1 - Hollow back

2016/12/06

36

Discriminations THIGHS, BREECH AND BUTTOCKS◦ Excessively rounded rump◦ Flat rump (from sides and back)

Hindquarter: J1 - Hanging rumpHindquarter: J1 - Hanging rump

KORREK HANG PLAT

2016/12/06

37

KORREK DAKKIG

Hindquarter : J2 – Roofy rumpHindquarter : J2 – Roofy rump

KORREK HANG PLAT

Hindquarter: J3 – Flat rumpHindquarter: J3 – Flat rump

2016/12/06

38

BREED SMAL

Hindquarter: Flat rump / short rumpHindquarter: Flat rump / short rump

Discrimination TOPLINE, BACK, LOIN, HIPS, RUMP AND

TAIL◦ Flat / roofy back◦ Poor blending /connection (Back, Loin, Rump)◦ Poorly developed loin◦ Flat rump◦ Short rump

2016/12/06

39

Poor blending /connection (Back, Loin, Rump)Poor blending /connection (Back, Loin, Rump)

Discriminations

2016/12/06

40

VOORBENE

KORREK KROMBENIG / BAK BENIG

X-BENIG

Legs and hooves: Front legsK1 – X-LeggedLegs and hooves: Front legsK1 – X-Legged

Legs and hooves: Front legs K2 – Pigeon toedLegs and hooves: Front legs K2 – Pigeon toed

Legs and hooves: Front legs K3 – Bandy legsLegs and hooves: Front legs K3 – Bandy legs

KORREK REGOP SEKEL

HAKKE

Legs and hooves: Hind legsL1 – Too sickle-hockedLegs and hooves: Hind legsL1 – Too sickle-hocked

Legs and hooves: Hind legsL2 – Too upright-hockedLegs and hooves: Hind legsL2 – Too upright-hocked

Legs and hooves: Hind legsL4 – Bandy legsLegs and hooves: Hind legsL4 – Bandy legs

2016/12/06

41

Legs and Hooves: Pastern JointsM3 – Pasterns too uprightLegs and Hooves: Pastern JointsM3 – Pasterns too upright

Legs and hooves: ClawsN4 – Claws differ in sizeLegs and hooves: ClawsN4 – Claws differ in size

2016/12/06

42

Discriminations

TailO1 – Prominent tail settingTailO1 – Prominent tail setting

2016/12/06

43

Male reproductive organs: Scrotum and TestesP2 – Long, pendulous scrotumMale reproductive organs: Scrotum and TestesP2 – Long, pendulous scrotum

Male reproductive organs: Scrotum and TestesP3 – Twisted stringsMale reproductive organs: Scrotum and TestesP3 – Twisted strings

Male reproductive organs: SheathQ2 – Long sheath above sheath openingMale reproductive organs: SheathQ2 – Long sheath above sheath opening

Male reproductive organs: SheathQ3 – Fleshy sheathMale reproductive organs: SheathQ3 – Fleshy sheath

2016/12/06

44

NIE VLESIG, KLEIN OPENING NA VOOR, BAIE VEL. DISKRIMINASIE

VLESIG, GROOT OPENING NA VOOR, BAIE VEL. DISKRIMINASIE

VLESIG, GROOT OPENING NA VOOR,MIN VEL. DISKRIMINASIE

Male reproductive organs: SheathQ2 – Long sheath above sheath openingMale reproductive organs: SheathQ2 – Long sheath above sheath opening

Male reproductive organs: SheathQ3 – Fleshy sheathMale reproductive organs: SheathQ3 – Fleshy sheath

Discriminations Male reproductive organ◦ Split scrotum

2016/12/06

45

Female Reproductive Organs: Udder and teatsS2- Small teatsFemale Reproductive Organs: Udder and teatsS2- Small teats

Normaal / ideaal

Female Reproductive Organs: Udder and teatsDeformed teatsFemale Reproductive Organs: Udder and teatsDeformed teats

Female Reproductive Organs: Udder and teatsS3- Hereditary unbalanced udderFemale Reproductive Organs: Udder and teatsS3- Hereditary unbalanced udder

2016/12/06

46

Discriminations Female reproductive organs◦ Sagging udder◦ Long hair on the udder

http://www.drakensbergers.co.za/