stones and rocks
Post on 15-Apr-2017
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CIVIL ENGINEERING MATERIALS
STONES AND ROCKS
CLASSIFICATION OF ROCKS
GEOLOGICAL PHYSICAL CHEMICAL
IGNEOUS SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC
STRATIFIED
UNSTRATIFIED FOLIATED
SILICIOUS
ARGILLACEOUS
CALCAREOUS
IGNEOUS ROCKS
VIDHANA SOUDHA GRANITE BUILDING BANGALORE INDIA
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
SANDSTONE BUILDING
QUTAB MINAR DELHI
SHALE
GNEISSMIGAMITE
HORNFELS
SLATEMARBLE
DOLOMITE
TAJ MAHAL `AGRA DELHI`
PHYSICAL CLASSIFICATION
STRATIFIED ROCKS
UNSTRATIFIED ROCKS
BRECCIA
FOLIATED ROCKS
SILICIOUS ROCKS
SILICA SAND
SILICA IS PREDOMINANT
SILICIOUS ROCKS
CHERT AND FLINT
DIATOMACEOUS CHERT
ARGILLACEOUS ROCKS
ARGIL OR CLAY IS PREDOMINANT
CLAY ARGIL
LATERITES
ARGILLACEOUS ROCKS
SLATES
CALCAREOUS ROCKS
CALCIUM CARBONATE IS PREDOMINANT
CALCAREOUS ROCKS
LIMESTONE
MARBLE
QUALITIES OF GOOD BUILDING STONECrushing strength > 100N/mm2
Hard and strong Durable to withstand all weathering conditions
Uniform colour & free from clay holes, spots of other colour.
Crystalline & homogeneous in structure
Pleasing texture & colour
Should not absorb water more than 0.6% of its weight after 24 hrs immersion
Well seasoned & dried 6 – 12 months for proper seasoning
Easily workable and hard enough to resist wear &tear
They can be dressed economically
A good building stone must have a specific gravity > 2.7
Fracture of good building stone should be sharp ,even and clear.
Sufficiently strong enough to absorb shocks and impacts
USES OF STONESBasic material for concrete, moorum of roads, calcareous cementsUsed for foundation, damp proof courses , walls , columns, linlets, arches , roofs, floors etc…
used for facing works in brick masonry to give a massive appearance
Hard stones can be used for pavementsStones are used as ballast in
PIERS
Sratified
Unstratified
FoliatedSilicious
Argillaceous
Calcareous
Rocks
Qualities & its uses.
SUMMARY
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