supervised by: prof. mohamed fahim eng. yusuf ismail done by: mutlaq al_shammari
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Supervised by: Prof. Mohamed Fahim
Eng. Yusuf Ismail
Done by : Mutlaq Al_Shammari
- Distillation column design.
- Storage tanks design.
- Air cooler design.
Introduction :Distillation column is used to separate componentsaccording to their boilingpoint temperature.
Objective :To produce high purity ofethyl benzene anddistillate product.
Assumptions:
For c-203- Sieve plate.- Material of the distillation is carbon steel- Column Efficiency =77.7%.- Tray spacing = 0.64.- Flooding Percentage=85% .- Down Comer Area=12% .- Hole area( 0.1 of Active area) . - Weir height ( 50mm) .- Hole diameter (5mm).- Plate Thickness (5mm).- Turn down Percentage (70%)
- Specify the properties of outlets streams for both vapor and liquid from HYSYS.
- Calculating actual no. of stages:
- Actual Number of stage = Nm/ efficiency
Where,Nm : no of theoretical stages Efficiency = 77.7%
- Column diameter:
DMAXTakeD
AreaD
Downcomeru
RateFlowVolumetricArea
MwtmoleFlowRateFlowVolumetric
uFloodingu
Ku
KKCorrection
FSpacingPlatefKKFind
V
LF
bottomTopiV
Lget
c
i
i
f
ii
iv
iii
ff
iv
vLf
i
LV
iL
v
iLV
i
i
MAXii
iMAXi
ii
i
i
4
%
__
__
%
20
,;
,;
1
2.0
11
11
- Liquid flow pattern:
liquid
MAX
MwtMoleflowFlowVolumertic
- Provisional plate design:
Where lw , the weir length
wc
w
c
d
ah
dca
dcn
cd
cc
lFindD
ladA
AFigad
holeAholeAreaA
AAActiveAreaA
AANetAreaA
DowmComerAreaDownComerAA
DA
Re31.11.Re
%
2
%
25.0 2
-Checking Weeping:
Where; how is the weir crest liquid in (mm). uh is the liquid velocity in (m/s). uvapor is the vapor velocity in (m/s)
h
VAPORvapor
v
hh
wowMIN
wL
MINowMIN
wL
MAXMAXow
MAXMIN
MAX
h
w
A
FlowVolumetricTurnDownu
DKu
KadFig
hhFIND
l
LiquidRateh
l
LiquidRateh
LiquidRateTurndownLiquidRate
MoleFlowMwtLiquidRate
nessPlateThich
rHoleDiamteD
hWeirHeight
ASSUME
%
4.259.0
Re30.11.
750
750
%
:
:
2
2
- Residence time:
- Entrainment:
wd
Lbcdr L
hAt
29.11.
%
FigFfFind
u
uFlooding
A
flowRateVolumetricu
LV
fMAX
v
nv
- Number of holes:
where,Ah: the total area of the
holesDh: the hole diameter
oleAreaOfOneH
A
DoleAreaOfOneH
hholes
h
#
25.0 2
- Thickness calculation:
where, - D is the column diameter in m- rj is internal radius in (in). - P is the operating pressure in psi - S is the working stress (psi). - E is the joint efficiency- Cc is the allowance for corrosion (in). - T is thickness of the column in (in).
cj
j
j
CPSE
t
Dr
6.0
Pr2
- Cost estimation:
where,
H: column height
V: volume of the column
M: mass of the column
inout
outout
out
inin
in
MMweight
VM
HAV
tDA
VM
HDV
DctraysSpacingTrayH
2
2
*2
#_
Introduction: Tanks are basically was made to hold, transport or store fluid and solid.
Volume of the liquid= Total mass flow rate in* time hold-up Time hold-up: the time where the liquid is hold inside the tank Volume of cylinder = π R2 H … (1) Get the volume of the liquid (assume H=0.2D) To determine vapor pressure Antoine equation is used: Log10 P* = A- (B/C+T) … (2) T: the temperature in ˚C The values of A, B, and C is taken from table Antoine equation
constant At this vapor pressure the top space in the tank can be determined. the total volume=volume of liquid/0.12 … (3) Diameter3 = (5*total volume)/П Height = 0.2diameter Area of the tank = total volume/ height … (4) Thickness t = (P r i / S E - 0.6P) + Cc …(5)
What is air cooler?
Air coolers are devices to reject heat from a process fluid directly to ambient air.
1-calculate the heat duty : Q= m Cp ΔTWhere, Q: heat dutym: mass flow rateCp: heat capacityΔT : Temperature difference
2 -CALCULATE OVERALL HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT
3-CALCULATE MEAN TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE
ch
ch
c
h
TT
TTMTD
tTT
tTT
/ln
12
21
1
2112 2
0009.0 tTT
Utt
4-Calculate correction on mean temperature difference
5- Calculate Area Δ Tm=lMTD*FtQ=UAΔTm A=Q/(UΔTm)
12
21
11
12
tt
TTR
tT
ttS
7- # tube Nt=A/A assume
8-Calculate horse power requirement HP=mcp ΔT*1.349- Cost (from matche.com)
Equipment NameDistillation c-203
ObjectiveTo separate EB from PEB& hevies
Equipment Numberc-203
DesignerMutlaq Al_Shammari
TypeTray column
LocationEB production
Material of Constructioncarbon steel
InsulationMineral wool
Cost ($)1300000
Column Flow Rates
Feed (kgmole/hr)682.3Recycle (kgmole/hr)----
Distillate (kgmole/hr)623.2Bottoms(kgmole/hr)59.13
Dimensions
Diameter (m)5.668Height (m)45.717
Number of Trays63Reflux Ratio4.81
Tray Spacing0.6357Type of traySieve tray
Number of Holes97683Number of Caps/Holes
-------
Cost
Vessel605000$Trays69300$
Condenser Unit303600$Reboiler277100 $
Storage no.Flow rate(m3/hr)time hold(hr)volume of liquid(m3)
T_1511536.50.547840.4655
T_201 A&B83.6552.72227.5416
Storage no.Total Volume(m3)D^3ActD(tank)m
ActD(tank)m
Area(m2)
T_1517003.87916711152.6738322.34222054.4684441011567.4089cost=265500
T_201 A&B1896.183019.39490414.453509292.890701858655.95834cost=109200
Storage no.P(kpa)ri(m)E(m)S(kpa)Cc(m)t(m)
T_151130811.171110250.85945000.0031750.186878
T_201 A&B41.347.2267546450.85945000.0031750.006895
Storage no.p*(atm)p(mmhg)ABCT©
T_1513077.6831152339039.1686.892721203.531219.888200
T_201 A&B2546.7784231935551.6026.95651423.543213.091105.1
Equipment NameHeat exchanger
ObjectiveDecrease Temperature of vent gas
Equipment NumberE-106
DesignerMutlaq Al Shammari
TypeAir cooler
LocationAfter k_101
Material of ConstructionCarbon steel
Cost ($) 14600$
Operating ConditionAir Side
Inlet temperature (oC)30Outlet temperature (oC)
33
Tube SideInlet temperature (oC)422.4Outlet temperature
(oC)390
Number of Tube Rows-Number of Tubes13.62Tube bundle Diameter (m)-Shell Diameter (m)-
Q total (KJ/s)225.9199188
LMTD (oC)374.5
U (W/m2 C)88.6Heat Exchanger Area (ft2)73.3
Equipment NameHeat exchanger
ObjectiveDecrease Temperature of vent gas
Equipment NumberE-112
DesignerMutlaq Al Shammari
TypeAir cooler
LocationAfter vlv_103
Material of ConstructionCarbon steel
Cost ($) 14400$
Operating ConditionAir Side
Inlet temperature (oC)30Outlet temperature (oC)
38.5
Tube SideInlet temperature (oC)
389.4Outlet temperature (oC)
300
Number of Tube Rows-Number of Tubes13.04Tube bundle Diameter (m)-Shell Diameter (m)-
Q total (KJ/s)604.2898683
LMTD (oC)308.69
U (W/m2 C)300.1Heat Exchanger Area (ft2)70.18
Thank you for listening
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