sustainable hotel design group 5 presentation 4 demand/supply matching
Post on 16-Dec-2015
222 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Reducing Lighting demand
Low lighting Requirement• Rooms -50 lux• Halls/stairs - 150 lux• Restaurant- 150 lux High lighting
Requirement• Swimming pool -
300lux• Gym - 500 lux• Kitchen- 500 lux• Office - 500 lux
Lighting• Most important factor for safety and
comfort
Artificial lighting
Energy used to light building for 20 hours of the day. Lumen method used to gain amount of luminaires, savings:Bedroom 0.5MWh, Restaurant 17.8MWh, Kitchen 35MWh,
Minimise demand by using energy efficient lamps
• Replace smaller fittings with Compact fluorescent 20w
• Replace larger fittings with tubular fluorescent 60w
• Compare against tungsten 100w filament
• Energy Reduction = 80% (from efficacy)
Natural Day-lighting
•Building design optimised for natural daylight•Daylight factor calculated using protractor•Diffuse sky approx 5000lx (200lx available)
20% 10%
5%4%
Control Lighting
Control for bedrooms, (occupants)• Dimmer switch.• Internal removable shading. • Key card system.Control for restaurant, office (control
systems)• Stepped PSALI and switch off zones• Would require light sensors• Master switch/timers
Natural ventilation and Heat Recovery
Natural ventilation•As previous design
Heat Recovery–60% efficient
–All air passes heat exchanger.
–Need to be easily cleanable for kitchen
Mechanical Ventilation
•Mechanical Ventilation• Using two Aerofoil bladed centrifugal pump
(η 85%)• For outside 0 and inside 30• Swimming pool load for fans= 1kW7290m
3/s
• Saving using heat recovery on heating load =35kW
• Kitchen load for fans=2kW11520m3/s
• Required to remove contaminants from kitchen.
Previous Simulation
Previously: • Base Case• 1 zone L-shape model
Used to determine:• Form• Orientation• Construction• Glazing Area
BASE CASE
L-SHAPE
Zoned Model
Zoned model determines:• More accurate demand information• Demand profiling• Zonal environmental strategies
BedroomFloor area: 32m²
Ventilation :1 ac/h
Operations• Lighting: 50W• Occupancy: 22:00 – 07:00
Design temperature • 19-21°C (CIBSE Guide B1)
Tweaking the Design
Glazing Area: 30%• Minimise overheating in summer• Reduce heat loss in winter
Ventilation rate• Summer: 3 ac/h 10:00 – 18:00
1 ac/h 18:00 – 10:00 (following day)• Winter / Transition: 1 ac/h 00:00 - 24:00
Construction• Varied load bearing block work to timber
construction
Timber Wall Construction
U-value 0.20W/m²KDecrement Delay 12.4 hrSound absorption >52db
Advantages• Cost competitive• Fewer layers allows slimmer construction• Vapour permeable without membranes – no interstitial
condensation• Matches thermal and acoustic properties of heavyweight
builidings• Materials are non-toxic and low embodied energy
Timber Roof Construction
U-value 1.7 W/m²K(with 200mm pavatherm)Decrement delay 11.5 hrSound absorption > 47db
Advantages• Reduces overheating and external noise• Vapour permeable without membranes prevents
interstitial condensation
• Materials are non toxic with low embodied energy
Bedroom
Seasonal Performance• Typical summer day (free floating)
3ac/h (07:00-22:00),
1ac/h (22:00-07:00)
• Typical spring day
Heating requirement 3.73 kWh
• Typical winter day
Heating requirement 22.29 kWh
Bedroom Demand Profile
Sensible heating loadWinter (typical)• Varies between 0.3-0.5 kW
Transition (typical)• Peak 04:00-08:00 about 0.25 kW• Off 14:00-20:00
Summer (typical)• Most days require no heating• Some days require boost 0.03kW
from 04:00-8:00
Electrical Demand
kWh per year
Lighting 27, 890
Catering 20, 500
Ventilation 2,400
Cooling 0
Equipment 2, 920
Swimming pool 8,500
GSHP 30,000
Other 2, 920
Total 95, 630
Thermal Demand
kWh per year
Space Heating 93, 440
Hot water 70, 080
Swimming pool 17, 520
Catering 40, 000
Total 221, 040
Final Demand Analysis
• Our hotel consumes:
– 56% less energy than typical practice– 33% less energy than best practice
Demand /Supply Matching - HOMER
• Manipulation to model– CHP system
• Biogas Generator• Heat recovered from generator – imitate GSHP + Heat recovery• Boiler – imitate thermal supply from CHP
• Resources– Wind – ESP-r database– Stream Flow – 40 l/s– Biomass – Constant Supply
• Load Profiles– Thermal – ESP-r– Electrical – Good Energy
Conclusions
• Final Supply Systems– Biomass CHP– Wind Energy– Ground Source Heat Pumps
• Do without Hydro Power• Use of Batteries
top related