syntax n constituent structure and tree diagrams

SyntaxSyntax

Constituent Structure and Tree Constituent Structure and Tree diagramsdiagrams

SyntaxSyntax

Constituent Structure and Tree Constituent Structure and Tree diagramsdiagrams

At least 3 important aspects of At least 3 important aspects of sentence structure:sentence structure:

SyntaxSyntax

Constituent Structure and Tree Constituent Structure and Tree diagramsdiagrams

At least 3 important aspects of At least 3 important aspects of sentence structure:sentence structure:– the linear order of words in a the linear order of words in a

sentencesentence

SyntaxSyntax

Constituent Structure and Tree Constituent Structure and Tree diagramsdiagrams

At least 3 important aspects of At least 3 important aspects of sentence structure:sentence structure:– the linear order of words in a the linear order of words in a

sentencesentence– the categorization of words into parts the categorization of words into parts

of speechof speech

SyntaxSyntax Constituent Structure and Tree Constituent Structure and Tree

diagramsdiagrams At least 3 important aspects of At least 3 important aspects of

sentence structure:sentence structure:– the linear order of words in a sentencethe linear order of words in a sentence– the categorization of words into parts of the categorization of words into parts of

speechspeech– the grouping of words into structural the grouping of words into structural

constituents (participants)constituents (participants)

SyntaxSyntax

Constituent Structure and Tree Constituent Structure and Tree diagramsdiagrams

Tree diagrams allow us to analyze Tree diagrams allow us to analyze the function of sentences, by the function of sentences, by looking at their constituent looking at their constituent structures.structures.

SyntaxSyntax

Constituent Structure and Tree Constituent Structure and Tree diagramsdiagrams

Tree diagrams allow us to analyze Tree diagrams allow us to analyze the function of sentences, by the function of sentences, by looking at their constituent looking at their constituent structures.structures.

Ex: noun phrases, verb phrases, Ex: noun phrases, verb phrases, quantifiers, articles, etc.quantifiers, articles, etc.

SyntaxSyntax

SyntaxSyntax

We can test the function of the We can test the function of the constituent structure in several constituent structure in several ways:ways:

SyntaxSyntax

We can test the function of the We can test the function of the constituent structure in several constituent structure in several ways:ways:

Ex: testing for noun phrasesEx: testing for noun phrases

SyntaxSyntax

We can test the function of the We can test the function of the constituent structure in several constituent structure in several ways:ways:

Ex: testing for noun phrasesEx: testing for noun phrases– Using the question rule - in other words Using the question rule - in other words

can we make a question out of the can we make a question out of the sentence with the presumed noun sentence with the presumed noun phrase using the English Question phrase using the English Question Rule?Rule?

SyntaxSyntax

We can test the function of the We can test the function of the constituent structure in several constituent structure in several ways:ways:

Ex: testing for noun phrasesEx: testing for noun phrases– Cleft setencesCleft setences

It + is/was + x that y, where the clause It + is/was + x that y, where the clause represent by y refers back to xrepresent by y refers back to x

It was Mary that broke the lampIt was Mary that broke the lamp x y x y

SyntaxSyntax

We can test the function of the We can test the function of the constituent structure in several constituent structure in several ways:ways:

Ex: testing for noun phrasesEx: testing for noun phrases– By conjunctionBy conjunction– Mary and BillMary and Bill

SyntaxSyntax We can test the function of the We can test the function of the

constituent structure in several ways:constituent structure in several ways: Ex: testing for noun phrasesEx: testing for noun phrases

– By conjunctionBy conjunction– Mary and BillMary and Bill– This would also work to test other kinds of This would also work to test other kinds of

phrases, but in any case, the two kinds of phrases, but in any case, the two kinds of phrases would be the same: np and np; phrases would be the same: np and np; vp and vp, etc.vp and vp, etc.

SyntaxSyntax Practice sentences:Practice sentences:

– The girl and the boy went to the store with The girl and the boy went to the store with their mother.their mother.

– The old house on the hill was torn down by The old house on the hill was torn down by the town.the town.

– Bill’s date stood him up again at the bar Bill’s date stood him up again at the bar and he drank 10 jack and cokes down and he drank 10 jack and cokes down before he left.before he left.

– Mildred used to sing for her supper, but Mildred used to sing for her supper, but now she has a 3 CD deal with Warner Bros.now she has a 3 CD deal with Warner Bros.