the natural environment as stakeholder
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© 2005 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 1
The The Natural Natural EnvironmEnvironment As ent As StakeholdStakeholderer
Search the WebValuable information for dealing with environ-mental stakeholders can be found at Enviro-Link Network’s web site: www.envirolink.org
© 2005 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 2
Chapter Thirteen Objectives• Discuss why natural environmental
issues are complex• Describe the eight major natural
environment issues• Describe the NIMBY environmental
problem• Discuss the roles that business and
government play in environmental issues
• Explain the concept of environmental ethics
© 2005 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 3
Chapter Thirteen Outline• The Natural
Environment• Impact of Business
on the Natural Environment
• Natural Environmental Issues
• Responsibility for Environmental Issues
• The Role of Governments in Environmental Issues
• Other Environmental Stakeholders
• Business Environmentalism
• The Future of Business
• Summary
© 2005 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 4
Introduction to Chapter Thirteen
• Environment• Carrying
Capacity• Entropy• Ecosystem• Niche
• Cycle• Threshold• Pollution• Irreversibility• Sustainability
Important Environmental Terms
© 2005 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 5
Business Impact on the Environment
DebatePollution vs. productivity
© 2005 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 6
Eight Environmental Issues• Ozone depletion• Global warming• Solid and
hazardous wastes
• Fresh water quantity and quality
• Degradation of marine environments
• Deforestation• Land degradation• Endangerment of
biological diversity
© 2005 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 7
Other Environmental Issues• Air/rain
pollution• Indoor air
pollution• Energy
efficiency
• Toxic substances
• Radon pollution• Noise pollution• Aesthetic
pollution
© 2005 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 8
Other Environmental Issues
Pollutants Health Concerns
Ozone Respiratory tract and lung problems
Particulates Eye, throat and lung damage
Carbon monoxide
Cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases
Silver dioxide Respiratory tract problems
Lead Brain damage—especially in children
Nitrogen dioxide Respiratory illness and lung damage
Effects of Air Pollutants
© 2005 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 9
Responsibility for Environmental Issues• Not In My Back Yard (NIMBY)• Environmental ethics
– Green values• Life on earth to continue• Natural justice should be done by all• Pursue nonmaterial qualities of life
– Other ethical theories
© 2005 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 10
The Role of Governments in Environmental IssuesResponses of Governments in
Canada• Canadian Environmental Protection
Act (CEPA)– Policy goals
• Air quality legislation– National Ambient Air Quality
Objectives (NAAQOs)– Canada-Wide Standards (CWSs)
© 2005 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 11
The Role of Governments in Environmental IssuesResponses of Governments in Canada
Water quality legislation– Canada Water Act (1970)– Canadian Environmental Protection Act
(1999)– Fisheries Act – Navigable Water Protection Act– Yukon Waters Act and Northwest Territories
Waters Act– Canada Shipping Act– Dominion Water Power Act
© 2005 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 12
The Role of Governments in Environmental Issues
Responses of Governments in Canada
Land-related legislation– Canadian Environmental Protection
Act (CEPA) focuses on pollution prevention and protection of the environment, human life, and health from the risks associated with toxic substances
© 2005 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 13
The Role of Governments in Environmental Issues
International Government Responses
United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP)
– Montreal Protocol– Kyoto Protocol
© 2005 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited.
APEC Statement on Global Warming• APEC Leaders Adopt Global Warming Statement By VOA News
08-September-2007
An unidentified man is ordered to back away from police following a disturbance during a protest demonstration in downtown Sydney, 8 Sep 2007Asia-Pacific leaders have ended the first day of their two-day summit in Sydney, Australia, by agreeing to work on reducing climate-changing greenhouse gas emissions.
Australian Prime Minister John Howard said the 21 economies on Saturday agreed to adopt what he called "aspirational" goals to reduce emissions, with all nations contributing according to their own capacities.
They did not adopt firm emission-reduction targets.
Environmentalists had called on the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation group to set some firm reduction targets, instead of non-binding goals. But many governments -- including the United States, China and Australia -- opposed such an agreement.
Their statement, also called the "Sydney Declaration," sets a target for reducing what is known as "energy intensity" by 25 percent by 2030. Energy intensity is a measure of the energy efficiency of a nation's economy.
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© 2005 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 15
Other Environmental StakeholdersInterest groups include:•Radicals•Mainstreamers•Accommodators
© 2005 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 16
Other Environmental Stakeholders
•Green consumers•Green employees•Green investors
© 2005 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 17
Business Environmentalism• Use of corporate examples• Environmental and financial
performance• Systematic business responses to the
environmental challenges:– Generic management decision-making
tools– Cost-benefit analysis– Risk management– Strategic environmental management
© 2005 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 18
Future of Business:Greening or Growing?
Two Important Questions• Can the earth support a high
consumption Western lifestyle?• If not, what are the implications for
business and how can business respond?
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