the scientific revolution a product of the renaissance
Post on 19-Jan-2016
216 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
The Scientific Revolution
A Product of the Renaissance
The Traditional World
• For years people had followed the teachings of the ancient Greeks. Even the Catholic Church adhered to their observations of man and space.
• Ptolemy, a ancient Greek philosopher, had theorized that the Earth was the center of the universe. The Church agreed.
Humanism steps up
• The Renaissance inspired free thinking• Scientists would use the concept of Humanism
to question long held beliefs about nature• The Printing Press would allow new scientists
to spread their ideas to others• The spread of Protestantism began to loosen
the power of the Catholic Church
Astronomy
• Nicholas Copernicus
www.cyfronet.
Copernicus
• He finds faults with Ptolemy’s theories.• Copernicus believes that the Sun is the center
of the Universe and the earth is one of many planets that revolves around the sun.
• He keeps his ideas secret.• He only publishes his theories at the end of his
life.• He did not wish to be accused of Heresy.
Galileo Galilei Linceo
• He discovers pendulums• He discovers that gravity pulls on all things
equally. He does this by dropping different weights to show that they hit the ground at the same time.
• Built the first telescope• Discovered that the world spins on an axis• Proved Copernicus was right. The sun is the
center of the Universe.
The Greeks versus Galileo
Ptolemy and Aristotle• Earth is the center of the
Universe• Heavier objects fall faster
than light ones• The moon is a smooth,
mirror –like object that reflects light
• The Milky Way is a mass of spiritual power
Galileo• The Sun is the center
• All objects fall at the same speed
• The moon’s surface is rough and cratered
• The Milky Way is a mass of stars
arcticchicken.files.wordpress.com/
Johannes Kepler
• German Mathmematician• Observed that the Sun was indeed the center
of the Universe.• Opposed Copernicus’ idea that planets
revolved around the sun in perfect circular orbits.
• He proposed elliptical orbits.
www.astro.cornell.edu
Sir Isaac Newton
• Wrote “The Principia.”• Universal Law of Gravity• He invented Calculus• Discovered prisms. He was able to use these
to break light into its components and discover why objects appear to be different colors
New Ideas challenge old ones
Galen – Greek Philosopher• Galen dissected animals to
theorize about the make up and functions of the Human body
• The Liver circulates blood
New Scientists• William Harvey proves that
the Heart Circulates Blood in a complete circuit
• Andreas Vesalius dissected human cadavers and diagramed the real Human anatomy.
Sir Francis Bacon
• Invents the Scientific Method- This idea turns science into a legitimate study of nature.
• Observe----Hypothesis----Test----Refine Hypothesis----Draw conclusion
The Other Great Scientists
• Robert Boyle= discovers properties of Gasses• Antoine Lavoisier= discovers and labels
chemical elements=periodic table• Maria Winkelmann= discovered comets• Margaret Cavendish=Man cannot stop or
control nature• Rene Descartes= rationalism—reason is the
source of knowledge “I think Therefore I am.”
Others
• John Locke= Natural Rights of Man—Every man has the right to Life Liberty and Property
• Voltaire= challenged Christianity. He proposed Deism---The Universe is like a clock. God made it, wound it, and let it work alone without his intervention.
Government
• Baron de Montesquieu= Used natural law to find the perfect form of government for man
• His findings supported Separation of Powers and a system of branches of government with checks and balances against abuses in power.
The Encyclopedia is Born
• Denis Diderot classifies the things of our world into a scientific publication.
• His articles attacked superstition and old legends. He sought for truth and scientific explanations of the world.
Jean Jacques Rousseau
• Philosopher= Education should foster, not restrict, a child’s natural instincts
• He also stated that people want to be governed and that they choose governments that best suit their lives. Members of society agree to be governed= Social Contract
Religion
• John Wesley = Believed in Methodism.• Methodism teaches people to have
meaningful relationships with God.• His teachings appealed to the lower classes.• His teachings split followers away from the
Church of England created by Henry VIII.
top related