the seven basic molecules

THE SEVEN BASIC MOLECULES

INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

HOW DO WE RECOGNIZE THEM

• Metals and Non-MetalsSALTS

• Starts with H always. Then Non-MetalACIDS

• Metals and OHHYDROXIDES

• Metals and Oxygen onlyMETAL OXIDES

• Non-Metals and OxygenNON-METAL OXIDES

• Metal and HydrogenMETAL HYDRIDES

• Non-Metal and HydrogenNON-METAL HYDRIDES

ACIDS

OXACID

• THEY HAVE OXYGEN

HYDRACID

• THEY HAVE NO OXYGEN

H2SO4

HBr

Non Metals

C N O S

H P B F

Br I Cl He

Ar Ne Kr Rd

Metals

K Li Ca Rb

Cs Mg Fe Mg

Mn Cu Au Ag

Ti Hg Ba Cr

SALTS

METALS NON-

METALS

EXAMPLES (Formula and Name)

•Sodium ChlorideNaCl

•Potassium SulfideK2S

•Calcium FluorideCaF2

•Lithium BromideLiBr

Rule:

Metals are writen first, because theyare the less eletronegative. Name

with no changes

Non-Metals are writen after. Mames with the sufix «ide» instead of the

original

Molecules

Formula Name

NaCl

ACIDS

NON-METALS

HYDROGEN OXYGEN

FORMATION

NON-METAL

OXYGEN WATER

HALOGENS FORM ACIDS STRAIGHT

EXAMPLES (Formula and Name)

•Phosphoric AcidH3PO4

•Sulfuric AcidH2SO4

•Nitric AcidHNO3

•Carbonic AcidH2CO3

HYDROXIDES

METAL OXYGEN HYDROGEN

FORMATION

METAL OXYGEN WATER

EXAMPLES (Formula and Name)

•Sodium HydroxideNaOH

•Calcium HydroxideCa(OH)2

•Magnessium HydroxideMg(OH)2

•Lithium HydroxideLiOH

METAL OXIDES

METAL OXYGEN

CaOCALCIUM OXIDE

NON-METAL OXIDES

NON METAL

OXYGEN

NO2NITROGEN OXIDE (IV)

METAL HYDRIDES

METAL HYDROGEN

NaHSODIUM HYDRIDE

NON-METAL HYDRIDES

NON-METAL

HYDROGEN

NH3NITROGEN HYDRIDE (III)

Crossing valences procedure

Na O+1 -2

Na2OSODIUM OXIDE

Ca O+2 -2

CaOCALCIUM OXIDE

Fe O+3 -2

Fe2O3

IRON OXIDE (III)

Fe O+2 -2

FeOIRON OXIDE (II)