the seven basic molecules
DESCRIPTION
Instructive Power Point about the Seven Basic Types of Inorganic Molecules. Very important considering our final examTRANSCRIPT
THE SEVEN BASIC MOLECULES
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
HOW DO WE RECOGNIZE THEM
• Metals and Non-MetalsSALTS
• Starts with H always. Then Non-MetalACIDS
• Metals and OHHYDROXIDES
• Metals and Oxygen onlyMETAL OXIDES
• Non-Metals and OxygenNON-METAL OXIDES
• Metal and HydrogenMETAL HYDRIDES
• Non-Metal and HydrogenNON-METAL HYDRIDES
ACIDS
OXACID
• THEY HAVE OXYGEN
HYDRACID
• THEY HAVE NO OXYGEN
H2SO4
HBr
Non Metals
C N O S
H P B F
Br I Cl He
Ar Ne Kr Rd
Metals
K Li Ca Rb
Cs Mg Fe Mg
Mn Cu Au Ag
Ti Hg Ba Cr
SALTS
METALS NON-
METALS
EXAMPLES (Formula and Name)
•Sodium ChlorideNaCl
•Potassium SulfideK2S
•Calcium FluorideCaF2
•Lithium BromideLiBr
Rule:
Metals are writen first, because theyare the less eletronegative. Name
with no changes
Non-Metals are writen after. Mames with the sufix «ide» instead of the
original
Molecules
Formula Name
NaCl
ACIDS
NON-METALS
HYDROGEN OXYGEN
FORMATION
NON-METAL
OXYGEN WATER
HALOGENS FORM ACIDS STRAIGHT
EXAMPLES (Formula and Name)
•Phosphoric AcidH3PO4
•Sulfuric AcidH2SO4
•Nitric AcidHNO3
•Carbonic AcidH2CO3
HYDROXIDES
METAL OXYGEN HYDROGEN
FORMATION
METAL OXYGEN WATER
EXAMPLES (Formula and Name)
•Sodium HydroxideNaOH
•Calcium HydroxideCa(OH)2
•Magnessium HydroxideMg(OH)2
•Lithium HydroxideLiOH
METAL OXIDES
METAL OXYGEN
CaOCALCIUM OXIDE
NON-METAL OXIDES
NON METAL
OXYGEN
NO2NITROGEN OXIDE (IV)
METAL HYDRIDES
METAL HYDROGEN
NaHSODIUM HYDRIDE
NON-METAL HYDRIDES
NON-METAL
HYDROGEN
NH3NITROGEN HYDRIDE (III)
Crossing valences procedure
Na O+1 -2
Na2OSODIUM OXIDE
Ca O+2 -2
CaOCALCIUM OXIDE
Fe O+3 -2
Fe2O3
IRON OXIDE (III)
Fe O+2 -2
FeOIRON OXIDE (II)