the spread of islam: where? how? why?. reasons for the spread of islam common language (arabic)...
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The Spread of Islam: Where? How? Why?
The Spread of Islam: Where? How? Why?
Reasons for the Spread of Islam Common Language (Arabic) spoken throughout
the Middle East Strong Military
Weakened state of Byzantine and Persian Empires allowed for Muslims to conquer these territories
The Spread of Islam: Where? How? Why?
Treatment of conquered people Allowed others to practice their
own faith, but you had to pay a special tax Qur’an forbids forced conversion
If you freely converted you were exempt from a higher tax rate
Possibility of social mobilityPeople all are creations of Allah,
so they are all equal
Taxation under the Umayyads
The Spread of Islam: Where? How? Why?
Trade Cultural Diffusion People exposed to Islamic beliefs and embrace Islam’s
message Regions
Middle East by end of 600s via conquest North Africa by late 600s via trade & conquest Spain and Sicily by 700s via conquest India by 700s via trade & conquest Southeast Asia by the 1200s via trade
Bedouins Middle Eastern desert dwelling nomads who helped spread Islam through their camel-raising trade
Why Not Western Europe?
The Battle of Tours (732 A.D.) Christian Franks under Charles Martel were
able to repel Muslim forces in France. Preserved Christianity as the religion of
Western Europe
The Abbasids
Non-Muslims had grown dissatisfied with the Umayyads for the following Paying higher taxes than Muslims Social discrimination Lower wages in the army &
government Anti-Umayyad forces overthrow
the empire Abbasid Empire established
under Caliph Abu’l-Abbas
Abbasids
Empire reaches it’s height under Harun al-Rashid
Life in the Abbasid Islamic state Sophisticated urban civilization develops Capital moved to Baghdad Better treatment of non-Muslims Leads to Islamic golden age
Abbasids
Fall of the Abbasids Conquered by Seljuk
Turks (recently converted Muslims) Allowed Abbassids to
still oversee the religion, but Seljuks controlled state affairs.
Abbassids aren’t completely defeated until Chinggis Khan captures Baghdad in 1258.
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