transitional kindergarten implementation summit
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Transitional Kindergarten Implementation Summit
Alignment of the California Preschool Learning Foundations with the Common
Core State Standards
This presentation is drawn from a project of the California Department of Education, Child Development Division
Presenters: Peter L. Mangione, WestEd Osnat Zur, WestEd
November 8, 2011
The Preschool Learning Foundations
Goal: To strengthen preschool education and children’s school readiness
• Developed by researchers, early childhood educators, and other stakeholders.
• Age Range: Describe key knowledge and skills that children acquire with appropriate support– At around 48 months of age– At around 60 months of age
• Cover nine developmental domains
Preschool Learning Foundations, Volume 1
Social-Emotional Development
Language and Literacy
English-Language Development
Mathematics
Preschool Learning Foundations, Volume 2
Visual and Performing Arts
Physical Development
Health
Preschool Learning Foundations, Volume 3
History-Social Science
Science
Preschool Learning Foundations
The Common Core State Standards
Goal: Clear and consistent goals for learning, to prepare America’s children for success in college and work
• Led by the National Governors Association (NGA), and the Council of Chief State School Offices (CCSSO), and developed in collaboration with a variety of stakeholders
• Age Range: Standards for every grade level (K-12th grade)• Domains:– English-Language Arts & Literacy in History/Social
Studies, Science, and Technical Subjects.– Mathematics
The Alignment
• Draws the connection between the preschool learning foundations in the domains:– Language and Literacy–Mathematicsand the corresponding common core state standards.
• Illustrates the developmental progression of key foundations in these domains, as they relate to specific common core state standards
Aspects to Consider in Reviewing the Alignment:• Organization of the two resources:– Each of the documents groups standards or
foundations into domains– The standards/foundations in a domain are
organized in key content areas (referred to as strands in the preschool foundations)
– Specific foundations within the strands are organized in subgroups (referred to as substrands in the preschool foundations).
Aspects to Consider in Reviewing the Alignment:
• Key Characteristics of Early Learning and Development:
Differences among different age periods: The preschool foundations and the kindergarten common core state standards were written for children at different age periods. The foundations/standards reflect these developmental differences.
Key Characteristics of Early Learning and Development:• Differentiation of Competencies as Children Learn and Develop– Some developments reflect continuous growth, with
quantitative change over time (e.g, vocabulary growth) – Other developments result in qualitative changes and
the emergence of new competencies (e.g., the ability to write).
– Many of the competencies described at the preschool level become more differentiated and lead to more specific competencies at the kindergarten level.
Alignment with Common Core Standards:Language and Literacy
Preschool FoundationsDomain:
Language & Literacy
Common Core Standards-KGDomain: English-Language Arts &
Literacy in History/Social Studies, Science, and Technical Subjects.
The Common Core State Standards present a broad picture of literacy across different academic subjects.
Language and Literacy Alignment at Strand Level:• The preschool learning foundations and the common
core state standards are organized according to the same basic categories (strands): listening and speaking, reading and writing.
• The common core state standards also include a strand identified as language standards. It includes standards for grammar and vocabulary, covered under listening and speaking in the preschool foundations.
Language and LiteracyAlignment at Strand Level:
Preschool Foundations• Listening and Speaking
• Reading
• Writing
Common Core Standards-KG
• Speaking and Listening• Language Standards
• Reading Standards for Literature
• Reading Standards for Informational Texts
• Reading Standards: Foundational Skills
• Writing Standards
Language and Literacy Alignment at Substrand Level:• Specific preschool foundations in each strand
are grouped in substrands • Specific common core state standards are
organized according to key areas, overarching College and Career Readiness (CCR) anchor standards
• The alignment draws the connection between substrands in the preschool foundations and common core anchor standards.
Preschool Foundations: Listening and Speaking
Preschool FoundationsSubstrands:
1.0 Language use and Conventions
2.0 Vocabulary
3.0 Grammar
Common Core Standards- KAnchor Standards
Speaking & Listening• Comprehension and Collaboration• Presentation of Knowledge and
Ideas
Language Standards• Vocabulary Acquisition and Use
Language Standards• Conventions of Standard English
Preschool Foundations: Reading
Preschool FoundationsSubstrands
1.0 Concepts about Print
2.0 Phonological Awareness
3.0 Alphabetics and word/print recognition
4.0 Comprehension and analysis of age-appropriate text
5.0 Literacy interest and response
Common Core Standards- KGAnchor Standards
• Print Concepts• Craft and Structure
• Phonological Awareness
• Print Concepts• Phonics and Word Recognition
• Key Ideas and Details• Integration of knowledge and
ideas
-------------------------
WritingPreschool FoundationsSubstrand
1.0 Writing Strategies
-------------------------
-------------------------
Common Core Standards- KAnchor Standards
• Text Types and Purposes
• Production and Distribution of Writing
• Research to Build and Present Knowledge
Language and Literacy
Alignment Analysis:• Substantial correspondence in content between the preschool
foundations and the common core state standards in all areas
• Certain common core standards focus on skills that emerge in kindergarten, and therefore have no corresponding content in the preschool foundations: Reading– Fluency (Read text with purpose and understanding)– Range of Reading and Level of Text ComplexityWriting– Production and Distribution of Writing– Research to Build and Present Knowledge
Developmental Progression Across Age-LevelsExample: Concepts about Print
Preschool FoundationsAt around 60 months
Concepts about Print1.1 Display appropriate book-
handling behaviors and knowledge of print conventions.
1.2 Understand that print is something that is read and has specific meaning
Common Core Standards-K
Print Concepts1. Demonstrate understanding of
the organization and basic features of print.– Follow words from left to right,
top to bottom, and page by page.– Recognize that spoken words are
represented in written language by specific sequences of letters.
– Understand that words are separated by spaces in print.
Developmental Progression Across Age-LevelsExample: Writing
Preschool FoundationsAt around 60 months
Writing Strategies1.1 Adjust grasp and body position for
increased control in drawing and writing.
1.2 Writes letter or letter-like shapes to represent words or ideas.
1.3 Writes first name nearly correctly.
Common Core Standards-K
Text Types and Purposes1. Use a combination of drawing, dictating, and
writing to compose opinion pieces in which they tell a reader the topic or the name of the book they are writing about and state an opinion or preference about the topic or book (e.g., My favorite book is . . .).
2. Use a combination of drawing, dictating, and
writing to compose informative/explanatory texts in which they name what they are writing about and supply some information about the topic.
3. Use a combination of drawing, dictating, and
writing to narrate a single event or several loosely linked events, tell about the events in the order in which they occurred, and provide a reaction to what happened.
Domain: Mathematics
Alignment of the Preschool Learning Foundations and the Kindergarten Common Core State Standards
Strands in the Preschool Learning Foundations in Mathematics Domain
MathematicalReasoning
Geometry
Number Sense
Measurement
Classification & Patterning
Organization of the Common Core State Standards- Mathematics Domain• Standards for Mathematical Content– Counting and Cardinality– Operations and Algebraic Thinking– Number and Operations in Base Ten– Measurement and Data– Geometry
• Standards for Mathematical Practice– Eight key processes and proficiencies that apply to
all content areas in all grade-levels
MathematicsAlignment at Strand Level:
Preschool Foundations• Number Sense
• Algebra and Functions (Classification and Patterning)
• Measurement
• Geometry
• Mathematical Reasoning
Common Core Standards-K• Counting and Cardinality• Operations and Algebraic Thinking• Number and Operations in Base Ten
• Measurement and Data
• Measurement and Data
• Geometry
• Mathematical Practices
MathematicsAlignment at Strand Level:
• Even though the preschool foundations and the common core standards are organized somewhat differently, overall, both cover the same key areas in mathematics.
• Differences in organization:– Content related to number sense in the preschool learning
foundations is represented in two key area in the common core state standards: counting and cardinality, and operations and algebraic thinking.
– Content in number and operations in base ten of the Common Core State Standards is too advanced for it to have corresponding content in the preschool foundations.
– Content related to Classification appears under algebra and function in the preschool foundations, and under measurement and data in the Common Core State Standards.
Preschool Foundations: Number Sense
Preschool FoundationsSubstrands:
1.0 Children understand numbers and quantities in the their everyday environment
2.0 Children understand number relationships and operations in their everyday environment
------------------------------------
Common Core Standards- K
Counting and Cardinality• Know number names and the count
sequence• Count to tell the number of objects• Compare numbers
Operations and Algebraic Thinking• Understand addition as putting
together and adding to, and understand subtraction as taking apart and taking from.
Number and Operations in Base Ten• Work with numbers 11-19 to gain
foundations for place vale.
Preschool Foundations: Algebra and Functions (Classification and Patterning)
Preschool FoundationsSubstrands
1.0 Children sort and classify objects in their everyday environment
2.0 Children recognize/expand understanding of simple repeating patterns.
Common Core Standards- K
Measurement and Data• Classify objects and count
the number of objects in categories.
----------------------------
Preschool Foundations: Measurement
Preschool FoundationsSubstrand
1.0 Children compare, order, and measure objects
Common Core Standards- K
Measurement and Data• Describe and compare
measurable attributes.
Preschool Foundations: Geometry
Preschool FoundationsSubstrands
1.0 Children identify and use shapes
2.0 Children understand positions in space
Common Core Standards- K
Geometry• Identify and describe
shapes• Analyze, compare, create,
and compose shapes
• Identify and describe shapes
Preschool Foundations: Mathematical Reasoning
Preschool FoundationsSubstrand
1.0 Children use mathematical thinking to solve problems in their everyday environment
Common Core Standards- KStandards for Mathematical Practices
• Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them
• Reason abstractly and quantitatively • Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning
of others
• Model with mathematics • Use appropriate tools strategically.
• Attend to precision. • Look for and make use of structure • Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning
MathematicsAlignment at Substrand Level:• For almost every substrand of the preschool learning
foundations, there is a category in the common core state standards with corresponding content.
• The Common Core State Standards – Include differentiated standards in mathematical reasoning– Do not include standards related to patterning, subitizing
(number sense), and measuring length (measurement).
• Developmental progression across age-levels in every substrand
Developmental Progression Across Age-LevelsExample: Number Sense (Counting)
Preschool FoundationsAt around 60 months
• 1.1 Recites numbers in order to twenty with increasing accuracy.
Common Core Standards- K
Know number names and the count sequence.
• Count to 100 by ones and by tens.
• Count forward beginning from a given number within the known sequence (instead of having to begin at 1).
Developmental Progression Across Age-LevelsExample: Geometry (Shapes)
Preschool FoundationsAt around 60 months• 1.1 Identify, describe, and
construct a variety of different shapes, including variations of circle, triangle, rectangle, square, and other shapes.
Common Core Standards- KIdentify and describe shapes (squares,
circles, triangles, hexagons, cubes, cones, cylinders, and spheres).
• Correctly name shapes regardless of their orientations or overall size.
• Identify shapes as two-dimensional (lying in a plane, “flat”) or three-dimensional (“solid”).
Analyze, compare, create, and compose shapes.
• Analyze and compare two- and three-dimensional shapes, in different sizes and orientations, using informal language to describe their similarities, differences, parts (e.g., number of sides and vertices/”corners”) and other attributes (e.g., having sides of equal length).
In Summary,• The alignment indicates substantial correspondence in
content between the preschool learning foundations and the common core state standards.
• The two documents cover the same key areas in language & literacy and in mathematics, even when the content is organized somewhat differently in the preschool foundations and in the common core standards.
• The alignment illustrates a developmental progression across
age-levels, and the differentiation of competencies as children learn and develop.
Alignment of the Preschool Learning Foundations in English-Language Development with the K-12 Content Standards in English Language Development
The Preschool Learning Foundations in English-Language Development
• Describe a typical developmental progression in four general categories of English acquisition: listening, speaking, reading, and writing
• Describe a continuum of “beginning,” “middle,” and “later” stages of English acquisition for every foundation.
The K-12 Content Standards in English Language Development• Include standards in three main areas:
listening and speaking, reading, writing• Describe standards in three levels,
“beginning,” “intermediate” and “advanced”.• Children proceed through these levels based
on their individual progress in listening, speaking, reading and writing skills.
Aspects to Consider in Reviewing the Alignment in the ELD Domain:
• The K-12 English-language development standards do not represent a developmental progression from preschool to kindergarten, and therefore it is not possible to align specific preschool foundations to specific K-12 standards in the ELD Domain.
• The alignment only points to corresponding content areas (substrands) in the preschool foundations and the K-12 ELD standards, but does not identify the next level in English acquisition for children entering kindergarten.
English-Language DevelopmentAlignment at Strand Level:
• The preschool learning foundations and the kindergarten content standards are organized according to the same basic categories (strands): listening and speaking, reading and writing.
• Both documents describe a continuum of English-language development across three levels.
English-Language DevelopmentAlignment at Strand Level:
Preschool Foundations• Listening
• Speaking
• Reading
• Writing
K-12 ELD Standards• Listening and Speaking• Reading
• Listening and Speaking• Reading
• Reading
• Writing
English Language DevelopmentAlignment at Substrand Level: Listening
Preschool Foundations
Listening• Children listen with
Understanding
K-12 Standards
Listening and Speaking• Strategies and Applications;
ComprehensionAnd elements from:ReadingWord Analysis, Fluency, and
Systematic Vocabulary Development; Vocabulary and concept Development
English Language DevelopmentAlignment at Substrand Level: Speaking
Preschool Foundations Speaking• Children use nonverbal and verbal
strategies to communicate with others
• Children use language to create narratives
• Children begin to understand and use social conventions in English
K-12 StandardsListening and Speaking• Strategies and Applications;
Organization and delivery of oral communication
Reading• Word Analysis, Fluency, and Systematic
Vocabulary Development; Vocabulary and concept Development
Listening and Speaking• Strategies and applications;
Comprehension; Organization and Delivery of Oral Communication
English Language DevelopmentAlignment at Substrand Level: ReadingPreschool Foundations
Reading• Children demonstrate an appreciation
and enjoyment of reading and literature
• Children show an increasing understanding of book reading
• Children demonstrate an understanding of print conventions.
• Children demonstrate awareness that print carries meaning
K-12 StandardsReading
• ------------------
• Reading Comprehension; Comprehension and analysis of grade-level appropriate text; structural features of informational materials
• Reading Comprehension; Comprehension and analysis of grade-level appropriate text
• -------------------
English Language DevelopmentAlignment at Substrand Level: Reading
Preschool Foundations
Reading• Children demonstrate
progress in their knowledge of the alphabet in English
• Children demonstrate phonological awareness
K-12 Standards
Reading
• Word Analysis, Fluency, and Systematic Vocabulary Development; Phonemic Awareness; Decoding and Word Recognition
English Language DevelopmentAlignment at Substrand Level: Writing
Preschool FoundationsWriting• Children use writing to
communicate their ideas
K-12 Standards
Writing• Strategies and Applications;
Penmanship; Organization and Focus
English Language DevelopmentAlignment Analysis
• All substrands in the preschool learning foundations are aligned with a kindergarten ELD substrand with corresponding content, except for the following preschool substrands:– Children demonstrate an appreciation and
enjoyment of reading and literature– Children demonstrate awareness that print
carries meaning
Alignment of the Preschool Learning Foundations in Social-Emotional Development with the Kindergarten Content Standards in Health: Mental, Emotional, and Social Health
Alignment with the Kindergarten Content Standards: Social-Emotional Development
Preschool FoundationsDomain:
Social-Emotional Development
K Content StandardsDomain:
HealthMental, Emotional, and Social
Health
Social-Emotional Development :Alignment with Kindergarten Content Standards
• The kindergarten content standards related to social-emotional development are included as part of the health domain, under the strand, mental, emotional and social health, rather than as a separate domain.
• Some, but not all, of the content in the preschool domain Social-Emotional Development aligns with the mental, emotional, and social health strand of the kindergarten Health domain.
Social-Emotional DevelopmentAlignment at Strand Level:
Preschool FoundationsSocial-Emotional Development• Self
• Social Interaction
• Relationships
Content Standards- K
Health• Mental, Emotional and
Social Health
• Mental, Emotional and Social Health
• Mental, Emotional and Social Health
Social-Emotional DevelopmentAlignment at Substrand Level: Self
Preschool FoundationsSelf1.0 Self Awareness
2.0 Self Regulation
3.0 Social and Emotional Understanding
4.0 Empathy and Caring
5.0 Initiative in Learning
Content Standards- K• Essential Concepts
• Interpersonal Communication• Practicing Health-Enhancing Behaviors
• Essential Concepts
• Goal Setting• Practicing Health Enhancing Behaviors
• ----------------------
Social-Emotional DevelopmentAlignment at Substrand Level: Social Interaction
Preschool FoundationsSocial Interaction1.0 Interactions with Familiar
Adults2.0 Interactions with Peers
3.0 Group Participation
4.0 Cooperation and Responsibility
Content Standards- K• ----------------------
• Interpersonal Communication
• -----------------------
• -----------------------
Social-Emotional DevelopmentAlignment at Substrand Level: Relationships
Preschool FoundationsRelationships1.0 Attachment to Parents2.0 Close Relationships with
Teachers and Caregivers
3.0 Friendships
Content Standards- K
• Essential Concepts• Analyzing Influences• Accessing Valid Information
• -----------------------
Social-Emotional-DevelopmentAlignment Analysis• The Mental, Emotional, and Social Health content standards
give a more narrow coverage of social-emotional development than the preschool learning foundations.
• The content in the preschool substrands initiative in learning, interaction with familiar adults, group participation, cooperation and responsibility, and friendships has no corresponding content in the kindergarten standards.
• The overlapping content between preschool foundations and kindergarten standards in social-emotional development illustrates a progression across age-levels.
For questions or additional information, you may contact:
Peter L. MangioneCenter for Child and Family Studies, WestEd
pmangio@wested.org
Osnat ZurCenter for Child and Family Studies, WestEd
ozur@wested.org
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