ugs 303 review - philosophical.spacephilosophical.space/303/finalreview.pdf · ugs 303 review...
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Hume
• Is/ ought--normativity
• feelings as the foundation for ought
• two-level theory, enlightenment
Monday, December 11, 17
Hume
• Reason, passion
• Is and ought
• feeling, morality
• Enlightenment, two-level theory
Monday, December 11, 17
Marx• communism--abolition of
private property
• patterned theory of justice--from each according to....
• essence of humanity to produce, to make--means of production
• class struggle--bourgeoisie and proletariat
Monday, December 11, 17
Marx• Dictatorship of proletariat, vs
bourgeoisie
• Class conflict
• Materialist, two-level theory
• Communism---abolition of private property---Marxism as practiced
• Consciousness, life
• Vision of a Communist society
Monday, December 11, 17
Nietzsche• God is dead!
• No eternal facts, no absolute truths
• science should be playful
• Relativist, historicist
• two-level theory--material, biochemical basis
Monday, December 11, 17
Nietzsche• Historicist
• Relativism, two-level theory, chemistry
• God is dead!
• Irrationality, will to power
• Cultural criticism
• Redefine value, become who you are
Monday, December 11, 17
Dostoevsky• Anointed--society as split
into two groups, shepherds and the sheep
• Burden of freedom-- people want to be taken care of-- freedom vs. happiness
• The self vs. God as source of values
• Conservative--ordered liberty-- philosophy of
Monday, December 11, 17
Dostoevsky
• Paradox of the anointed
• Conservative, critic of socialism, vision of good for mankind can come only from yourself, narcissism
• Religion, dignity, respect
Monday, December 11, 17
Shaw• Golden rule--no golden rule!
• Cynicism about traditional values, institutions, education, marriage, ....
• You are the window through which you see the world
• Relativism
• Socialism
Monday, December 11, 17
Shaw
• Golden rule: no golden rules
• Cynicism, weakness of will, temptation
• Opposite of traditional moral rules
• Greatest benefactor: destroy
Monday, December 11, 17
Remarque
• Fought in WW1
• Loss of innocence
• Chance, indifferent
• Society lied to us; trust fades with the first death they see
• Distrust the leaders
Monday, December 11, 17
Kipling• Civilization is under threat--
fight back! Willingness to use violence.
• Rhymes!
• Reclaim traditional values
• Moral complexity
• Imperialism
• Social capital
Monday, December 11, 17
Kipling
• Social capital
• Civilization
• Willingness to use violence
• Future, multiple generations
• Law of the jungle
Monday, December 11, 17
Freud• Dreams
• Fulfillment of wishes
• Manifest and latent content
• Id, ego, superego
• Death wish
• Pleasure principle, reality principle
Monday, December 11, 17
Fitzgerald
• Lost generation
• Finding identity--I know myself, but that is all!
• Excluded middle-- Nietzsche vs. Tolstoy (Dostoevsky)
• Loss of morals--losing virtues--no more heroes
Monday, December 11, 17
Fitzgerald
• No more heroes
• I know myself, but that is all!
• New generation
Monday, December 11, 17
Mussolini• Fascism
• The state! We get value from the state
• Absolutism-- with or against us, for or against the state, militaristic
• Regaining glory of ancient Rome
• Futurism--violence--new--
Monday, December 11, 17
Mussolini• All classes serve the State
• Symbols, social myths
• Against individualism
• Collective, everything within State
• Fascism
• Propaganda
Monday, December 11, 17
Christie• Truth
• Deception, secrets, lies
• Unreliable narrator
• Logic, reason, inquiry
• Knowledge, evidence
• Women, intuition, good detectives
Monday, December 11, 17
Murdoch
• Sun, good, Plato, objectivity
• to find reality
• language the net that keeps reality from us
• experience is particular; all theorizing is flight
Monday, December 11, 17
Borges
• garden of the forking paths--labyrinths--time as branching and converging
• responsibility--imagine decision as already having been made
• missing explanation argument against idealism
Monday, December 11, 17
Churchill• conscience
• courage
• folly of appeasement
• Iron Curtain
• Civilization hangs on a few who are willing and able to fight for it
• Democracy's dilemma
Monday, December 11, 17
Other Writers• Wilson
• Coolidge
• Yeats
• Eliot
• Pirandello
• Roosevelt
• Forster
• Camus
• Lewis
• Hayek
Monday, December 11, 17
Other Writers• Quine
• Ferlinghetti
• Lyotard
• Rawls
• Nozick
• Didion
• Reagan
• Solzhenitsyn
• Havel
• Rilke
Monday, December 11, 17
Concepts• Two-level theory
• Manifest and scientific images
• Normativity
• Relativism
• Vision of the Anointed
Monday, December 11, 17
Concepts• Paradox of the Anointed
• Narcissism
• Social Capital
• Relativism
• Realism
• Idealism
Monday, December 11, 17
Concepts• Conservativism
• Socialism
• Communism
• Fascism
• Distributive Justice
Monday, December 11, 17
Concepts• End-result theory
• Patterned theory
• Historical theory
• Original position
• Veil of ignorance
Monday, December 11, 17
Concepts• Existentialism
• Subjectivism
• Noncognitivism
• Objectivity
• Paradox of subjectivism
Monday, December 11, 17
Concepts• Pluralism
• Distributed knowledge
• Public choice theory
• Indeterminacy of translation
• Postmodernism
Monday, December 11, 17
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