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UWC First YearResearch WorkshopGetting started on your Extended Essay research
Workshop leader: Jillian Harkness
Why are we here today?
Who Am I? Hello my name is Jillian Harkness
My aim is to help you by:
• Developing a research strategy for your EE• Introduce research resources at UWC Adriatic• Discuss research skills – note taking and citation
What is research?
What are you hoping to get out of this workshop?
Coming up with a topic
Things to think about:
• What are you interested in or curious to know more about?
• What are you naturally drawn to? • What topics or issues are important to you?
Coming up with a topic
I’m interested in the environment and I think that environmentalism is an important issue.
I like poetry and I think poetry helps people understand themselves and their world.
Maybe I will do a paper on nature in literature?
Brainstorm!
Once you have a general topic in mind, make a list of words and phrases about the topic. You might ask yourself:
• What are some key issues involved in this topic?• How would you describe this topic to someone else who
didn’t know about it?• What do you like about this topic? • What do you want to know more about it?• Why do you think this is an important subject?• What other subjects or topics are related to this one?• Where will you find this subject/topic? In what
sources/mediums?
• What are some key issues involved in this topic?
• How would you describe this topic to someone else who didn’t know about it?
• What do you like about this topic? • What do you want to know more about
it?• Why do you think this is an important
subject?• What other subjects or topics are related
to this one?• Where will you find this subject/topic? In
what sources/mediums?
Nature Literature Brainstorm
• What are some key issues involved in this topic?
• How would you describe this topic to someone else who didn’t know about it?
• What do you like about this topic? • What do you want to know more about
it?• Why do you think this is an important
subject?• What other subjects or topics are related
to this one?• Where will you find this subject/topic? In
what sources/mediums?
Nature Literature Brainstorm
Human experience of natureNature is relaxingDifference between experiencing nature in a book or in real lifeDoes nature literature make us more interested in our natural world?Is it linked to environmentalism?Literature can express links between:
technology and nature gender and naturesociety and nature
Might find it in poems, novels, essaysWho are some major authors of nature lit?
Find out more – Research!
With your brainstormed list of words and phrases, choose some of the main ideas you find the most interesting.
Use these main ideas to find more information in order to help you develop your research question.
What kind of information do you want to find?
Types of sources - Primary and Secondary Sources
What are Primary and Secondary Sources?
Types of sources - Primary and Secondary Sources
Primary sources will be the ‘data’ you choose to analyze or investigate.
Primary Sources:• original works of art and literature • first-hand accounts of events• materials created by participants or witnesses of the event/s under study• original records created at the time that events occurred• raw data
Secondary sources will give analysis, insights, and complementary information on your topics to help in your discussion.
Secondary Sources: • works that discuss a subject, but which are written after the time that the event/s
occurred (by someone other than an eyewitness)• works that contain explanations/interpretations/analysis/judgments/discussions of past
events, research results, data etc
What are some examples of primary and secondary sources?
Types of sources - Examples
Primary Sources
Literature, songs,advertisements, interviews,
speeches, memoirs, autobiographies, pamphlets/treatises,
works of art, photographs,television and radio shows,
letters, wills, diaries, Government documents,
treaties, censuses, and statistics, scientific data, original research
Secondary Sources
Encyclopedia entries,non-fiction books on a subject (also
called monographs),journal articles,
dictionaries,textbooks,
biographies…
..which help you to furtherunderstand, interpret or analyze
your primary source.
Resources for research:
Where are you going to find your information?
• Google?• Wikipedia?• Blogs and personal websites? • Professional websites? Government websites? • Newspapers/magazines?• Academic journals?• Books (monographs) and encyclopedia?• How can you tell if it’s an appropriate source???
Evaluating Secondary Sources
• Who wrote it? Is the author a scholar in the field? • Who published it? A blogging platform or a university publisher? Is it in an
academic journal?• When was it written? Is the content still relevant?• Was it Peer-Reviewed? • Is the author discussing their own opinion or do they use citations to back up
their claims?• What sources or references did the author use? Is there a bibliography? Do
their sources seem credible? • Where did you find it? Has it been indexed and organized for research?
Could someone else find it?
An academic research paper should use secondary sources that meet the following criteria:
• Written by a scholar in the field• Published by an scholarly press (as a journal or monograph) which
requires peer review• Current and up-to-date• Unbiased (ie. is not swayed by a personal agenda/ideology)• Include citations and bibliography.
UWC Adriatic Library Resources
Books!
Use the catalogue to search for them: http://www.infoteca.it/uwcad
Online databases for academic articles and e-books: Questia School
https://www.questiaschool.com/
Other Sources:
Other libraries!
This summer, visit your local public library or university libraries – they are
great resource!
They may have online databases (like Questia) which you may be able to can
access from here with your library card.
Academic Books and Articles
(all disciplines):
Directory of Open Access
Journal (DOAJ)
Directory of Open Access
Books
Google scholar
African Journals Online
JSTOR open access e-books
(list form)
Ideas
PubMed Central
Primary Sources:
EuroDocs
World Digital Library
Google Arts and Culture
Elephind: Historical Newspapers
Internet Archive Wayback Machine:
Website Archives
Other Sources: Online Resources
What is open access?
Data and Stats:
Organization for Economic Co-
operation and Development
(OECD)
UNdata
(Food and Agriculture UN) FAO
World Bank Development
Indicators
RFE: Resources for Economists on
the Internet
Gapminder DATA
(Adapted from the 2016 IB Guide)
Start with more general sources such as encyclopedia and reference books on
your subject. Ask yourself:
- What has already been written about this topic?
- Was it easy to find sources of information?
- Is there a range of different sources available?
- Is there a range of views or perspectives on the topic?
- What interesting questions have started to emerge from this reading?
Start to pose open-ended questions about your general topic using the
terms “how,” “why” or “to what extent.”
Preliminary Reading and Developing a Research Question
How does Rilke explore the relationship between technology and nature in The Duino Elegies?
Primary Source – The Duino Elegies
Secondary Source research areas:• Technology and literature• Rilke – biography, major themes, other works, etc• The Duino Elegies• Early 20th century German literature• Technology in the late 19th and early 20th century• Views of nature in early 20th century
And now …. back to the research process!
The process is a cycle. You think, research, read, refine, repeat, and then you
write.
So, how are you going to keep track of all that research?
What is Citation? What is a Bibliography?Why Cite?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IMhMuVvXCVw
What is Citation? What is a Bibliography?Why Cite?
• All good research relies on previous research and writing• When you write an essay, you enter into the scholarly conversation• Citation is the system that scholars use to show the context of their
work:• Citing makes your work stronger as it backs up your ideas• It allows readers to trace your steps and find your sources if they
want more information• Proper citation prevents accidental plagiarism
Understanding citation will help you in a huge way!
It will allow you to:
• Understand the author’s sources and where to find them• Evaluate the author’s sources• Prepare for your own writing, where you will have to:
• Use other author’s quotes • Cite other’s ideas• Avoid plagiarism• Create a bibliography
Other citation managers:
Zotero - an open source citation manager, very recommended!
No matter what style of tracking you choose, make sure you record this information for all your sources while you are reading:
• Author name (and editors names if applicable)• Title• Date of publication (and volume/issue if applicable)• Publisher or Periodical Name• URL (if you found it online)• Starting and ending page numbers (if periodical or book chapter)• Page numbers for the material you are interested in• And be careful with copy and paste!
Record your search history too – keep a list of the search terms you used in each database.
Questions?
Happy researching!
For the links in this workshop, go to:
researchuwcad.wordpress.com
Thank You!
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