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Unit 8 – Classification Study Guide

1. What are the levels of hierarchy of classification?

Information about physical features and activities is arranged in a hierarchy of increasing specificity. The levels in the accepted hierarchy include: domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species.

2. What are the three domains of organisms? Current classification systems now generally recognize the categorization of organisms into three domains: Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya.

3. Why does classification continue to change?As our technology improves so does our understanding of the natural world. As living things are constantly being investigated, new attributes (physical and chemical) are revealed that affect how organisms are placed in a standard classification system. Evolution and technology both impact classification.

4. What is binomial nomenclature and why is it used in classification?

The scientific name of a species is a two-name naming system known as binomial nomenclature and consists of the Genus and species names. We use these names so that regardless of language, the exact species being discussed is the same species.

5. Complete the following chart: Domain

(1 pt)Kingdom

(2pts)Type of Cell (2pts)

# of Cells (2pts)

Energy(2pts)

Example(2pts)

Archaea Archaebacteria Prokaryote Uni Auto/ Hetero

MethanogenThermoacidophile

Halophile

(Eu)Bacteria Eubacteria Prokaryote Uni Auto/HeteroStreptococcusStaphlococcusTuberculosis

Eukarya

Protista Eukaryote Uni/MultiAuto = Plant-likeHetero = Animal-like

AlgaeEuglenaAmoeba

Kelp

Fungi EukaryoteMulti(Unicellular for yeast)

Hetero Decomposer

MushroomYeast

Plant Eukaryote Multi Auto

Rose, maple tree (Angiosperm-flowering)

Pine Tree, Juniper (Gymnosperm-conifer)

Fern (Fern)

Moss (moss)

Animal Eukaryote Multi Hetero Consumers

HumanCoral

A B C D

Cornus florida Aphonopelma anax Euglena viridis Bryum capillareE F G H

Macrobdella decora Methanospirilium stamsil Diploria strigosa Juniperus virginiana

I J K L

4

Carcharhinus leucas Octopus vulgaris Streptococcus pneumoniae

Matteuccia struthiopteris

M N O P

Pisaster brevispinus Pinus virginiana Harmonia axyridis Agaricus bisporusQ R S T

Chrysaora hysoscella Gallus gallus Dicranoweisia cirrata Rudbeckia hirtaU V W X

Cornu aspersum Osmunda cinnamomea Lumbricus terrestris Macrocystis pyrifera