welcome to bio 181 l. are you in the right room? section 26 koffler 430 – tuesday 5:00 – 7:50 pm...

Welcome to BIO181L

Are you in the right room?

• Section 26 Koffler 430 – Tuesday 5:00 – 7:50 PM

• Section 30 Koffler 430– Wednesday 8:00 – 10:50

Instructor• Lynn Massey• Email: lmassey@email.arizona.edu• Sections: 26 and 30 • Koffler Room 430• Friday 11:00 – 12:00 noon

Office Hours

• I’m only in my office hours if you ask me to be

• I am more than willing to meet personally with you on another day if you need

Notecards

• On the notecard please write: – Your name– Major– Class (Freshman…Senior?)– How much music on your iPod is illegally

downloaded

Now Say Hi to each other

• Take 5 and get to know the people at your lab bench

Course Homepage

• http://www.blc.arizona.edu/courses/181lab

• or http://www.mcb.arizona.edu/courses/181lab

Important Tabs

• Course homepage–Instructor Tab–Section 26 or 30 under my picture–Access to class calendar and links to

assignments

Course Software

• ADOBE SHOCKWAVE PLAYER– Course Homepage– Software Tab– Left Column under “General”• Find “Get Shockwave” link and download

program

Course Software

• Bio181L_GO– Is a folder that contains all the programs you will

need for homework– Course Homepage Software Links for “MAC”

and “WIN” at top of page – DOWNLOAD AND KEEP!!!!– This is how you will access your homework

Course Software

• Bio181L_Go package– Has various homework assignments– The most important one is ASSESSOR• This contains the majority of your online tutorials

Resources

• You have endless resources in this course• Get to know the website- it will be helpful• There are tutorials and detailed instructions

with EVERY assignment• Taking note of these will save us time in class

Syllabus

• Course homepage- link is in right column• READ for next week–Questions from syllabus included

on next week’s quiz and this week’s homework

Asya Roberts

• Asya handles absences- not me• If you know in advance you will miss a lab, see

her IMMEDIATELY • BSE Room 109, Mon-Fri: 800AM- 200PM is her

general schedule

Plagiarism Contract

• Page xiii of Lab Manual–Sign and return to me by beginning

of lab next week–Having a signed syllabus will be 10

points of your first quiz

HOMEWORK

• Online assignments due by 10:00 PM the night before lab• CARE NOW!!!! Not at the end of the

semester……

Weekly Quizzes

• Quiz in the first ten minutes of class every week

• Used as late penalty • Material covers current day’s lab and

concepts you need to complete the lab• READ lab manual….it will save time

Create 181L Account

• Homepage• Left Column- MCB 181L Homework Account • Enroll in your section (Tues 26/ Wed 30)• Create a password and WRITE IT DOWN- this

is what you will use the rest of the course

LAB 1: MOLECULAR TAO

The World is made of Atoms

• Made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons

Review of Terminology

• Nucleus (the center)= protons (+ charge) and neutrons (neutral charge)

• Electrons (- charge) - rotate AROUND the nucleus

Periodic Table of Elements (0-1 Lab Manual)

• The number below the elemental symbol refers to the amount of PROTONS in the nucleus–This EQUALS THE NUMBER OF

ELECTRONS rotating about the nucleus–This is meant to BALANCE THE CHARGE

BUT

• Atoms “prefer” to have EIGHT electrons in their outermost shell- based off a mathematical model

• This fact is what characterizes how atoms will BOND with other atoms….creating a MOLECULE (many atoms)

Review

• The rings around the atoms are a way to depict “orbitals” or the “electron shell” – which is the space where electrons reside

• Atoms like to have EIGHT electrons in their OUTERMOST orbital or electron shell (EXCEPT HYDROGEN AND HELIUM)

Electronegativity

• A characteristic that describes how BADLY an atom wants an electron

• This property determines how the atom will bond and HOW MANY bonds it will make

The GENERAL trend

How badly do atoms want electrons?

• The CLOSER an atom is to having the full eight electrons in the outer shell, the MORE they want electrons= the more electronegative they are

• Elements are organized into columns on the PTE to denote how many electrons are still needed

Everyone wants to be a noble gas

• Every atom seeks to be like the gases in the right hand column of the periodic table

• These elements already have eight electrons in the outer shell

• The column number indicates how many more electrons the element needs to have eight total

How many bonds?

• However many electrons are missing from the outer shell is how many bonds the atom will make

• EX: Nitrogen- in column 5, meaning it needs 3 more electrons, meaning it will bond 3 times

• NH3 Ammonia

Example: Ammonia

Bonding

• Covalent • Ionic• Hydrogen interactions • These are discussed in GREAT DETAIL in your

homework- this review will be BRIEF

Covalent Bonding

• The SHARING of electrons• If an atom needs more electrons to reach the

desired eight, it BONDS to another atom

Example

Polar vs. Nonpolar Covalent

• This is a VERY essential concept to being successful in this course and understanding today’s exercise

Polar

• The electrons shared in the covalent bond spend MORE TIME ROTATING ABOUT THE MORE ELECTRONEGATIVE ATOM

• UNEQUAL SHARING OF ELECTRONS BETWEEN ATOMS

• Results in partial charges on each atom

THE Example: Water

What creates the charge?

• How many protons does oxygen have?• How many electrons does oxygen have?• How many does it have it the two electrons

from water is rotating around it? Is this a charge balance?

• It’s kind of like sharing a playstation

Polar Interactions

• Molecules with polar covalent bonding tend to be attracted to OTHER molecules with polar covalent bonding

• Why? Because charges attract each other

Nonpolar

• EQUAL SHARING OF ELECTRONS• This occurs most regularly in molecules with a

lot of C – H bonds• Carbon and hydrogen have the same

electronegativity- no partial sharing

Example:

Nonpolar interactions

• There are none. There is no partial charge to be attracted to anything

• Nonpolar substances don’t care about anyone• Oils are common examples • The playstation spends the same amount of

time at each person’s house

Ionic Bonding

• Arises due to the attraction of opposite charges • One atom steals the electron= has total ownership

over electron

Hydrogen “Interactions”

• Happens BETWEEN molecules • Does NOT MEAN A BOND WITH HYDROGEN• Is the INTERACTION of hydrogen with an

electronegative atom, such as oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine

• Example: Network of water molecules

Today’s Lab Activity

• Computer desktops- Lab 1 Tao Stack Exercise • Work in groups of 4 • Have one person READ passages OUT LOUD

Discussion Points

• Why did water “bead up” on wax paper?• Why did adding salt to the alcohol mixtures

create a layer for the propanol mixture? • Why did the pepper flakes “flee” the toothpick

dipped in detergent?

CLEAN UP

• This is your responsibility, not the prep staff’s• Please return everything at your station back

to normal • Bio 181L homepage- bottom right link says

“weekly cleanup”- follow that

Homework for next week

• Signed plagiarism contract• Assessor: “181 Lab Intro”• Assessor: “Molecular World Tutorial” • “Atoms and Molecules” –Crosswords OR OR OR VocabuWary

–VIA BIO181_ GO package

For Homework

• You must download the BIO181_GO package and access the homework there

• OR access it via the Software tab on the website, but downloading the package works better

• The website is less secure, it functions slower than the BIO181L_GO package

Extra Slides

Why do belly flops hurt?