wind: caused by uneven heating of the earth’s surface -uneven heating causes differences in air...

WIND: CAUSED BY UNEVEN HEATING OF THE EARTH’S SURFACE

-UNEVEN HEATING CAUSES DIFFERENCES IN AIR PRESSURE TO DEVELOP

-WIND BLOWS FROM AREAS OF HIGH PRESSURE TO AREAS OF LOW PRESSURE-WIND BLOWS FASTEST WHERE AIR PRESSURE CHANGES THE QUICKEST.

SEA BREEZES:

-ON A HOT SUMMER DAY,THE LAND HEATS QUICKER THAN THE OCEAN CAUSING LOW PRESSURE OVER THE LAND.

-THE RESULT IS A COOL BREEZE BLOWING IN OFF THE WATER BECAUSE THE WATER HAS THE HIGHER PRESSURE

OCCUR DURING THE DAY

LAND BREEZES:OCCUR AT NIGHT

-AT NIGHT LAND COOLS QUICKER THAN THE OCEAN

-THE AIR OVER THE WATER IS WARMER THAN THE AIR OVER THE LAND

-LOW PRESSURE DEVELOPS OVER THE WATER

-BREEZE BLOWS FROM THE LAND TO THE WATER

ANEMOMETER:MEASURES WIND SPEED

*TO MEASURE WINDS, YOU NEED WIND SPEED AND WIND DIRECTION*

WIND VANE:

-MEASURES WIND DIRECTION

-IT IS BUILT TO POINT IN THE DIRECTION OF THE WIND

*WINDS ARE NAMED BY THE DIRECTION FROM WHICH THEY COME

CORIOLIS EFFECT:-OCCURS BECAUSE THE EARTH SPINS

-IN THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE, WINDS CURVE TO THE RIGHT OF THEIR ORIGINAL PATH

-IN THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE, WINDS CURVE TO THE LEFT OF THEIR ORIGINAL PATH

-CAUSES OCEAN CURRENTS TO CURVE AS WELL. “SURFACE OCEAN CURRENTS”

*WATER MOLECULES COLLECT ON “CONDENSATION NUCLEI”, TINY PARTICLES OF DUST AND DIRT

*CLOUDS FORM WHEN RISING AIR IS COOLED BELOW ITS DEW- POINT

WHEN DROPLETS BECOME BIG ENOUGH, THEY FALL OUT OF THE SKY AS PRECIPITATION

WHEN WE SEE A CLOUD WE ARE NOT LOOKING AT WATER VAPOR(GAS). GAS IS INVISIBLE

*AIR CAN RISE FOR A COUPLE OF REASONS

1) LOW DENSITY DUE TO HIGH TEMPERATURE AND/OR HUMIDITY

2) MOVING MASS OF AIR HITS A MOUNTAIN

3) IF COLD AIR AND WARM AIR CRASH TOGETHER, THE COOL AIR SQUEEZES UNDER THE WARM AIR AND FORCES THE WARM AIR TO RISE AND COOL

1ST) THINK ABOUT A BICYCLE PUMP-IT TAKES ENERGY TO COMPRESS

THE PUMP AND THAT ENERGY CHANGES TO HEAT AND MAKES THE PUMP WARM

2ND) THE OPPOSITE OCCURS AS AIR RISES IN THE ATMOSPHERE

-RISING AIR EXPANDS DUE TO DECREASING PRESSURE

-JUST AS COMPRESSION WARMS A GAS, EXPANSION OF RISING AIR CAUSES IT TO BECOME COOLER

-CLOUD DROPLETS MUST JOIN TOGETHER TO BECOME LARGE ENOUGH TO FALL THROUGH THE ATMOSPHERE

-MOST PRECIPITATION BEGINS AS SNOW HIGH IN THE ATMOSPHERE

-ONCE SNOW MELTS IT CANNOT TURN BACK INTO SNOW