year-round foraging for goat production s. solaiman,c. shoemaker, d. bransby, c. kerth and r. noble...

Year-Round Foraging for Goat Production

S. Solaiman,C. Shoemaker, D. Bransby, C. Kerth and R. Noble

USDA/SARE

Year-Round Foraging for Goat Production

S. Solaiman,C. Shoemaker, D. Bransby, C. Kerth and R. Noble

USDA/SARE

Tuskegee University/Auburn UniversityTuskegee University/Auburn University

Goat Production Goat Production SystemsSystems

Year-round Foraging or Feedlot Year-round foraging, mimosa or Year-round foraging, mimosa or

bahaigrass in summer and ryegrass in bahaigrass in summer and ryegrass in winterwinter

Stocking rates on ryegrass are being Stocking rates on ryegrass are being determineddetermined

Mimosa may reduce internal Mimosa may reduce internal parasites???parasites???

Production Systems

Feedlot SystemFeedlot System

AnimalsAnimals 16 Castrated Goats16 Castrated Goats Initial BWInitial BW 21 Kg21 Kg Age Age 4-5 months4-5 months BreedBreed Boer/SpanishBoer/Spanish FeedFeed 40% Dairy pellets, 40% 40% Dairy pellets, 40%

Soybean Hulls, 20% BG HaySoybean Hulls, 20% BG Hay PeriodPeriod 100 days100 days

Feedlot System (100 Days) PURCHASESPURCHASES GoatsGoats BoerBoer 88 $50/h$50/h $400.0$400.0 Boer XBoer X 88 $40/h$40/h $320.0$320.0 Dairy pelletsDairy pellets $201.7$201.7 Soy hullsSoy hulls $101.8$101.8 BermudagrasBermudagras s Hays Hay $ 50.4$ 50.4 Medicated feedMedicated feed $ 17.8$ 17.8 CydectinCydectin $ 4.2$ 4.2 Co-Ral DustCo-Ral Dust $ 9.9$ 9.9 Clostridium C &D with TetanusClostridium C &D with Tetanus $ 3.2 $ 3.2 TOTALTOTAL $1109$1109 INCOME If sold live 80lbs @ $1/lbINCOME If sold live 80lbs @ $1/lb $1280$1280 PROFITPROFIT $171$171 Profit/goatProfit/goat $10.7$10.7

Feedlot System (100 Days) INCOME if slaughtered @ 50% dressingINCOME if slaughtered @ 50% dressing

Total meat & boneTotal meat & bone 640 lbs640 lbs

@$3.00/lb@$3.00/lb $1,920$1,920

@.6/lb processing@.6/lb processing $ 384$ 384

NetNet $1,536$1,536

PROFITPROFIT $ 427$ 427

Profit/goatProfit/goat $ 26.7$ 26.7

Feed CostFeed Cost $ 392$ 392

Feed Cost/goatFeed Cost/goat $ 22$ 22

Medication CostMedication Cost $ 17$ 17

Medication Cost/goatMedication Cost/goat $ 1.1$ 1.1

Production Systems

Grazing System (Summer)Grazing System (Summer)

AnimalsAnimals 16 Castrated Goats16 Castrated Goats Initial BWInitial BW 21 Kg21 Kg Age Age 4-5 months4-5 months BreedBreed Boer/SpanishBoer/Spanish FeedFeed Bahaiagrass Pasture, Dairy pellets Bahaiagrass Pasture, Dairy pellets

100-200 g/h/ day as needed100-200 g/h/ day as needed PeriodPeriod 134 days134 days

Grazing System (134 days)Bahaigrass Pasture (Summer)

PURCHASESPURCHASES Goats BoerGoats Boer 88 $50/h$50/h $400$400 Boer XBoer X 88 $40/h$40/h $320$320 LimeLime $26/ton$26/ton $ 65$ 65 Fertilizer 16-16-16Fertilizer 16-16-16 $240/ton$240/ton $120$120 Medicated feedMedicated feed $ 17.8$ 17.8 Cydectin (twice)Cydectin (twice) $ 8.3$ 8.3 Co-Ral DustCo-Ral Dust $ 9.9$ 9.9 Clostridium C &D with TetanusClostridium C &D with Tetanus $ 3.2 $ 3.2 IvermectinIvermectin $ 8.8$ 8.8 ValbazinValbazin $ 3.0$ 3.0 PanacurPanacur $ 6.7$ 6.7

Grazing System (134 days)Bahaigrass Pasture (Summer)

Purchases ContinuedPurchases Continued Dairy Pellets @ 3.5 lbs/d for 54 dDairy Pellets @ 3.5 lbs/d for 54 d $23.8$23.8 Dairy Pellets@ 7.0 lbs/d for 52 dDairy Pellets@ 7.0 lbs/d for 52 d $45.9$45.9 Dairy Pellets @ 10.6 lbs/d for 28 dDairy Pellets @ 10.6 lbs/d for 28 d $37.1$37.1 Bermuda grass HayBermuda grass Hay $10.1$10.1 Bahaigrass pastureBahaigrass pasture

TOTALTOTAL $1080$1080

INCOMEINCOME If sold live 65 lbs @ $1/lb If sold live 65 lbs @ $1/lb $1040$1040 PROFIT- LOSSPROFIT- LOSS $ - 40$ - 40 Profit- Loss /goatProfit- Loss /goat $ -2.5$ -2.5

Grazing System (134 days)Bahaigrass Pasture (Summer)

INCOME if slaughtered @ 50% dressingINCOME if slaughtered @ 50% dressing

Total meatTotal meat 520 lbs520 lbs

@$3.00/lb@$3.00/lb $1,560$1,560

@.60/lb processing@.60/lb processing $ 312$ 312

NetNet $1,248$1,248

PROFITPROFIT $ 168$ 168

Profit/goatProfit/goat $ 10.5$ 10.5

Feed CostFeed Cost $ 320$ 320

Feed Cost/goatFeed Cost/goat $ 20$ 20

Medication CostMedication Cost $ 40$ 40

Medication Cost/goatMedication Cost/goat $ 2.5$ 2.5

Preliminary Data on Mimosa7- Week Average Daily Gain

About 105 About 105 grams/daygrams/day

About 0.23 About 0.23 lbs/daylbs/day

46 goats46 goats

Average Daily Gain on Mimosa

Ranged fromRanged from 0.17lbs (79 0.17lbs (79 grams)-0.39 lbs grams)-0.39 lbs (177 grams) (177 grams) /day/day

46 goats46 goats

Goats having a feast on MimosaGoats over 40 lbs of initial BW gained 0.24 lbs (109 grams)/day

SHARING MIMOSA

Goats with 30-40 lbs of initial BW gained 0.23 lbs (106 grams)/day

Preliminary Mimosa StudyGoats with 20-30 lbs initial BW gained 0.17 lbs (79 grams)/day

Compare the gain on

Mimosa with80% grain fed goats, gained 0.29 lbs(131 grams)/day

HOW HIGH CAN YOU FLY

Production Systems

Browse SystemBrowse System

AnimalsAnimals 16 Castrated Goats16 Castrated Goats Initial BWInitial BW 21 Kg21 Kg AgeAge 4-5 months4-5 months BreedBreed Boer/SpanishBoer/Spanish FeedFeed Mimosa, Corn 100 g/h/dMimosa, Corn 100 g/h/d PeriodPeriod 134 days134 days

Browse System, Mimosa (134 Days)(Summer)

PURCHASESPURCHASES GoatsGoats BoerBoer 8 8 $50/hd$50/hd $400.0$400.0 Boer X 8Boer X 8 $40/hd$40/hd $320.0$320.0 Corn 100g/hd/dCorn 100g/hd/d $ 49.6$ 49.6 Medicated feedMedicated feed $ 32.7$ 32.7 CydectinCydectin $ 4.2$ 4.2 Co-Ral DustCo-Ral Dust $ 9.9$ 9.9 Clostridium C &D with TetanusClostridium C &D with Tetanus $ 3.2 $ 3.2 ValbazinValbazin $ 3.0$ 3.0 TOTALTOTAL $822.6$822.6 INCOMEINCOME If sold live 70lbs @ $1/lb If sold live 70lbs @ $1/lb $1120$1120 PROFITPROFIT $ 297$ 297 Profit/goatProfit/goat $ 18.6$ 18.6

Browse System, Mimosa (134 Days)(Summer)

INCOMEINCOME if slaughtered @ 50% dressingif slaughtered @ 50% dressing

Total meatTotal meat 560 lbs560 lbs@$3.00/lb@$3.00/lb $1,680$1,680@.60/lb processing@.60/lb processing $ 336$ 336NetNet $1,344$1,344PROFITPROFIT $ 521$ 521

Profit/goatProfit/goat $ 32.5$ 32.5

Feed CostFeed Cost $ 82.3$ 82.3Feed Cost/goatFeed Cost/goat $ 5.1$ 5.1Medication CostMedication Cost $ 20.3$ 20.3Medication Cost/goatMedication Cost/goat $ 1.3$ 1.3

Preliminary Ryegrass Study

Animals grazed annual Animals grazed annual Marshall ryegrass for 55 Marshall ryegrass for 55 days.days.

WethersWethers Initial body weight:Initial body weight:

– 30-35 kg30-35 kg Daily Gain:Daily Gain:

– Average 68 g/dAverage 68 g/d– Ranged 23-124 g/dRanged 23-124 g/d

Ryegrass Study Animals grazed annual Animals grazed annual

Marshall ryegrass for Marshall ryegrass for 55 days.55 days.

BucksBucks Initial body weight:Initial body weight:

– 30-35 kg30-35 kg Average Daily Gain:Average Daily Gain:

– 138 g/d138 g/d– Ranged 101- 212 g/dRanged 101- 212 g/d

Production Systems

Grazing System (winter)Grazing System (winter)

AnimalsAnimals 30 Wethers/Bucks30 Wethers/Bucks Initial BWInitial BW 30-35 Kg30-35 Kg AgeAge 6-7 Months6-7 Months BreedBreed Boer/SpanishBoer/Spanish FeedFeed Marshall RyegrassMarshall Ryegrass PeriodPeriod 55 days55 days

Grazing System (55 Days)Ryegrass (Winter) PURCHASESPURCHASES GoatsGoats Boer X 30 @ $50/hdBoer X 30 @ $50/hd $400.0$400.0 Medicated feedMedicated feed $ 32.7$ 32.7 CydectinCydectin $ 7.8$ 7.8 Co-Ral DustCo-Ral Dust $ 9.9$ 9.9 Clostridium C &D with TetanusClostridium C &D with Tetanus $ 6.0 $ 6.0 Marshall RyegrassMarshall Ryegrass $ 43.9$ 43.9 N 80lb/acreN 80lb/acre $ 243.2$ 243.2 TOTALTOTAL $1843.6$1843.6 INCOMEINCOME If sold live 100 lbs @ $1/lb If sold live 100 lbs @ $1/lb $3000$3000 PROFITPROFIT $1156.4$1156.4 Profit/goatProfit/goat $ 38.5$ 38.5

Grazing System (55 Days)Ryegrass (Winter) INCOMEINCOME if slaughtered @ 50% dressingif slaughtered @ 50% dressing

Total meatTotal meat 1500 lbs1500 lbs@$3.00/lb@$3.00/lb $4,500$4,500@.60/lb processing@.60/lb processing $ 900$ 900NetNet $3,600$3,600PROFITPROFIT $1,756$1,756Profit/goatProfit/goat $ 58.5$ 58.5

Feed CostFeed Cost $ 320$ 320Feed Cost/goatFeed Cost/goat $ 10.7$ 10.7Medication CostMedication Cost $ 23.8$ 23.8Medication Cost/goatMedication Cost/goat $ 0.8$ 0.8

Stocking Rate/ Marshall Ryegrass (105 days)

GoatGoat IBWIBW FBWFBW ADGADG /acre /acre kg kg kg kg g/day g/day lbs/daylbs/day 88 22.722.7 39.639.6 160.4160.4 0.350.35 1111 22.122.1 40.440.4 174.7174.7 0.390.39 1414 22.622.6 32.732.7 96.396.3 0.210.21 1717 23.023.0 30.830.8 74.474.4 0.160.16

System comparison ($)/goat

FeedlotFeedlot Bahiagrass Bahiagrass Browse Browse RyegrassRyegrass

Feed cost Feed cost 22 20 22 20 5.1 5.1 10.710.7

Medication costMedication cost 1.1 1.1 2.5 2.5 1.3 1.3 0.8 0.8

Total costTotal cost 69 69 67.5 67.5 51.4 51.4 61.461.4

Profit if sold liveProfit if sold live 10.7 10.7 -2.5 -2.5 18.6 18.6 38.538.5

Profit if sold retailProfit if sold retail 26.7 26.7 10.5 10.5 32.6 32.6 58.558.5

CHALLENGES FOR A VIABLE INDUSTRY

CONSUMER EDUCATIONCONSUMER EDUCATION MARKETTING STRATEGIESMARKETTING STRATEGIES GOOD STOCKSGOOD STOCKS VALUE ADDEDVALUE ADDED PARASITES (Southeast)PARASITES (Southeast) QUALITY FORAGESQUALITY FORAGES BROWSEBROWSE

There is my goat !!