an nunzia to erin

8/11/2019 An Nunzia to Erin

1/19

PJAS December 2010

The Effect of Detergent

Concentration on Plant

GrowthErin AnnunziatoMs. Pietrangelo


2/19

Reason- Environment

laundry detergent in run-off

fatal to plants

human obstinacy

more eco-friendly run-off


3/19

Hypothesis

If there is more than 5% laundrydetergent in the water given to the

plants, then the plants will notgrow.


4/19

Types of Peas

Field Peas:

split peas

used in farming

Pisum arvense

Gardening Peas:

popular for home gardeners

sweeter and softer


5/19

Growing Pea Plants

Environment:

about 12-24 C (55-75 F)

moist soil

sunny or partially-sunny


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Key Terms

photosynthesis: energy from the sunlight

water and carbon dioxide -> food and oxygen

detergent: cleans soiled surface (usually refers only to synthetic detergents)

soap- a kind of detergent (different chemical-makeup than syntheticdetergents)

surfactants/surface active agents- consists of molecules that pull away dirtparticles from surface

ANOVA- an analysis of variance


7/19

Lab Details

Independent Variable: concentration of detergent in thewaterLevels: 1% detergent, 2% detergent, 3% detergent,4%detergent, 5% detergent, 6% detergent, and 7%detergentTrials: 3Control: 0% detergentDependent Variable:Growth of plants (cm)Constants: type of plant, total amount of

detergent/water added,, watering times and frequency, growingenvironment and time


8/19

Design Diagram

Levels

detergent

(Control)

0%

1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7%

Results of

Trials

1-3

Average


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Materials

Pisum sativumseeds

Tide Laundry Detergent

water

potting soil

8 pots- 11 centimeter circumference; 9.5 centimeter height

graduated cylinder

ruler

7 plastic bottles


10/19

Procedure

1. Plant 5 pea seeds 2 centimeters deep per 8 pots, each pot filled 6.3 centimeters with potting soil

2. Water the pots with pure water (0% detergent) every day until stems are at adequate heights to begin experiment

3. Measure test levels 1-7% detergent by mixing water and detergent in 500 mL water plastic bottles:

1%: 5 mL of laundry detergent and 495 mL of water

2%: 10 mL of laundry detergent and 490 mL of water

3%: 15 mL of detergent and 485 mL of water





4. Water plants each pot with the same amount (100 mL) of corresponding concentration level every day.

5. Record the plant height in centimeters every third day.


11/19

Nov. 13 Nov. 16 Nov. 19 Nov. 22

0% 12.3 15 16.6 16.9

1% 12.6 14

2% 5.5 5.5

3% 12.8 134% 10.6 11.8

5% 10.5 10.75

6% 13 13.6 12.25

7% 9.3 9.2

Average Plant Heights (cm)

Results

Measurement Day

He

ights(cm)

* These values have been gathered with only two trials, rather than three


12/19

Average Growth (cm)

Results

Measurement Day

Differencein

He

ights(cm)

start-13 13-16 16-19 19-22

0% 0 2.7 1.6 0.3

1% 0 1.4

2% 0 0

3% 0 0.2

4% 0 1.2

5% 0 0.7

6% 0 0.6 -1.35

7% 0 -0.1


13/19

Addressing 6%

height of plant 1 decreased

cells may have shrunk

unlikely measurement error because there is a trend

plant 1 was the tallest

plant 3 increased, then decreased

plant 2 did not change then died

13th 16th 19th 22nd

1 17 16.5 15

2 14 14

3 8 10.5 9.5


14/19

ANOVA: Results

Source of Sum of d.f. Mean F

Variation Squares Squares

between 202.8 7 28.97 1.742error 266.2 16 16.64total 469.0 23

The probability of this result, assuming the null

hypothesis, is 0.169The null hypothesis is not rejected:

There was no significant difference of the heights between the different

groups that were treated with different concentrations of detergent

Null hypothesis: There are no differences in the

observed heights between the treatment groups


15/19

Conclusions

Hypothesis:

If there is more than 5% laundry detergent in the water given to theplants, then the plants will not grow.

I cannot support nor refute my hypothesis

1-5% died, while 6% survived

not enough data

control survived


16/19

Sources of Error

inadequate sunlight

different starting maturity

small pots

human error

graduated cylinder


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Improvements

more mature plants

growing lamps

same plant height

lower laundry detergent concentrations

larger growing space

regulate root depth


18/19

Extensions

root depth

soap

different plants


19/19

Thank you :)

Ms. Pietrangelo

My mother and my au pair

an nunzia to erin

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