Africa Rising?

Ana Larcher Carvalhoaclns@iscte.pt

http://ecopoder.wordpress.com/

Africa Rising? McKinsey: McKinsey Quaterly -

What's Driving Africa's Growth:https://www.mckinseyquarterly.com/Whats_driving_Africas_growth_2601#AboutTheAuthors

Mc Kinsey (2010) Lions on the move. http://www.nepad.org/system/files/The%20progress%20and%20potential%20of%20African%20economics.pdf

Radelet, S (2010). Emerging Africa: How 17 Countries Are Leading the Way. Center Global Development brief. http://www.cgdev.org/files/1424419_file_EmergingAfrica_FINAL.pdf

Delfin Sia Go, John Page (2008) Africa at a Turning Point?: Growth, Aid, and External Shocks

RELATÓRIOS DE ORGANZAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS

https://ecopoder.wordpress.com/economia-africana-geral/

Africa Rising: O que caracteriza o crescimento africano nesta

década?

Aumento das taxas de crescimento do PIB

A partir de 1995: Ponto de Viragem?

20 países apresentam taxas de crescimento per capita superiores à média.

São países em que se descobriram ou voltaram a explorar recursos minerais: Sudão,

Chad,

Guiné Equatorial e

Angola.

Ou países que levaram a cabo muitas reformas; Gana,

etiopia,

benin,

mali,

malawi,

Moçambique

Temos ainda a AS, Bostsuana, (faltam 8)

Os leões Africanos: Crescimento do PIB

Os países que mais crescem

Quais são os factores de recuperação?

Factores principais

1. Aumento da procura para as exportações africanas: aumento das exportações

2. Aumento dos preços das matérias primas (commodities)

Mas também há outros factores

3. Procura interna:

4. Investimento público em infrastrutura

5. Aumento do IDE

6. Mudanças estruturais

1. Aumento da procura e das exportações: China e India

1. Aumento das exportações:

PETRÓLEO É O GRANDE MOTOR DA EXPANSÃO: Reserves and production: estimated a 228 billion barrels of oil-equivalent (boe)- 138 poços activos- uma proporção pequenada exploração global: 5 a 7%- As reservas estãoconcentradas nalgunspaises: Nigeria, Angola, Sudão- Mas foram feitas novasdescobertasGana, Tanzania, Moçambique, Uganda prospected fields Sierra Leone, Mali and Kenya

Onde está o petróleo

2. Evolução dos preços das commodities

2. Evolução dos preços das commodities

2. Evolução dos preços das commodities

2. Evolução dos preços das commodities

2. Evolução dos preços das commodities

Aumento dos preços das matérias primas alimentares

MORE THAN A RESOURCE BOOM”

1. Aumento da Procura interna

2. Investimento público

3. IDE

4. Mudanças estruturais

5. Outros

Governação

Algum progresso em relação aos ODM

“Africa could be on the brink of an economic take-off, much like China was 30 years ago and India 20 years ago”

WB, 2011

Muitos países não dependeram só dos recursos mineirais

3. Procura interna

Aumento populacional é um dos factores que faz aumentar a procura interna

Aumento das receitas,

fluxos de remessas

Aumento de crédito

4. Investimento público em infrastrutura

5. InvestimentoDirecto Estrangeiro

5. InvestimentoDirecto Estrangeiro

Visualizing Chinese Investment in Africa

by JEFF DESJARDINS 2015

http://www.visualcapitalist.com/visualizing-chinese-investment-in-africa/

Africa is home to some of the world's fastest-growing economies, with many of them relying on oil for foreign exchange.

It is estimated that 57 percent of Africa's export earnings come from hydrocarbons. Proven oil reserves have grown by almost 150 percent, increasing from 53.4 billion barrels since 1980, to 130.3 billion barrels by the end of 2012.

The region is home to five of the top 30 oil-producing countries in the world, and nearly $2 trillion of investments are expected by 2036.

Due to these conditions, the interest of Europeans, Americans and Chinese remains high in the continent.

American oil company ExxonMobil is one of the largest foreign investors in Africa. Over the last years, it has committed more than $24bn to energy exploration and development.

Italy remains close. ENI, an Italian multinational oil and gas company, plans to invest around $25bn mainly in oil and gas, representing 60 percent of the company's investment.

China is the world's second-largest consumer of oil, and it's projected to become the world's largest consumer by 2030. It is estimated that the country will import over 66 percent of its total oil by 2020, and 72 percent by 2040. Its second-largest source of crude imports is Africa.

The interest of major US energy companies in Africa has not decreased, and the needs of Asia and Europe will not stop growing.

"We all know oil resources are becoming increasingly rare. The last major reserves of oil in Africa will become increasingly important. Pre-positioning oneself with a view to exploiting these resources is vital," says Jean Batou, professor of history at Lausanne University, in the documentary titled, Shadow War in the Sahara.

Mudanças estruturais

Melhoria da Governação:

Democratização que ocorre em vários países, melhores políticas

Controle da inflação: passou de 22% em 1990 para 8% depois de 2000

Diminuição dos défices

Acumulação de divisas pelos exportadores de matérias-primas

Dívida externa diminui

Privatização

Reforços dos sistemas legais e financeiros

Diminuição da dívida externa

Novos parceiros

Diminuição dos conflitos

Fim de várias guerras civis (libéria, Serra Leoa, Angola, Moçambique

Conflitos transnacionais (RDC)

UMA nova geração de empresários

Emergência de uma nova geração de líderes, políticos, activistas, homens de negócios http://www.howwemadeitinafric

a.com/category/articles/entrepreneur-watch/

http://www.forbes.com/sites/mfonobongnsehe/2013/02/23/30-under-30-africas-best-young-entrepreneurs/

The ‘new generation of African entrepreneurs’:ENTREPRENEURSHIP & REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT, 17, JANUARY (2005), 17–42 http://clas.ufl.edu/users/aspring/publications/New%20African%20Entrepreneurs.pdf

Dr Mohamed "Mo" Ibrahim (brn 1946)

Mohamed "Mo" Ibrahim é um empresário sudanês-britânico do ramo de telecomunicações.

Fundador da Celtel.

2006: Estabeleceu uma fundação cujo objectivo é apoiar a boa governação e liderança em Africa

The Ibrahim Index of African Governance

Mo Ibrahim Laureates

The 20 Most Powerful People In African Business

Aliko Dangote GCON (born 10 April 1957)

Nigeria

a Nigerian billionaire,[2] who owns the Dangote Group, which has interests in commodities.

The company operates in Nigeria and other African countries, including Benin, Cameroon, Ghana, South Africa, Togo, Tanzania and Zambia.[3] As of January 2015, he had an estimated net worth of US$18.6 billion.[2]

Marius Kloppers : mining

CEO BHP Billiton (uma das maiores empresas de extração mineral do mundo)

Naushad Merali

Nationality: Kenyan

The reclusive Indian-Kenyan is one of East Africa’s most revered businessmen and dealmakers.

He heads the Sameer Group – a $2 billion privately held conglomerate with interests in construction, engineering, energy, finance, transportation and software. Also chairs Bharti Airtel’s operations in Kenya. Has close links with country’s president, Mwai Kibaki.

http://madamenoire.com/109464/10-powerful-people-in-african-business/6/

The 20 Most Powerful People In African Business

Strive Masiyiwa telecom Zimbabue

Job: Chairman, Econet Group

The Zimbabwean telecoms visionary founded Econet Wireless, one of the pioneering providers of mobile phone services in Africa. Now seeking expansion outside Africa; company owns a 3G license in New Zealand. He also serves on the Board of Trustees at the Rockefeller foundation.

Reginald Mengi; media Nationality: Tanzania;

Job: Chairman, IPP Group

Mengi is one of Africa’s most powerful media barons. Started out as an accountant; made first millions manufacturing ballpoint pens and selling them to big retailers. Today, he heads IPP Group, a diversified media conglomerate active in East Africa. Assets include 9 newspapers, 2 television stations and 3 radio stations. Also owns a Coca-Cola bottling plant in Dar-es Salaam.

James Mwangi: banking Nationality: Kenyan Job: CEO, Equity Bank

Charismatic Kenyan banker turned around a moribund microfinance company into East Africa’s largest financial services provider

The 20 Most Powerful People In African Business

Sam Jonah

Nationality: Ghanaian

Job: Executive Chairman, Jonah Capital

The former president of AngloGold Ashanti was instrumental in transforming the mining company into a multinational corporation; increased gold production from 240,000 ounces per annum to over 1.6 million ounces in ten years

World Bank releases its 2008 report Doing Business, African entrepreneurs are profiled.

Permanent URL for this page: http://go.worldbank.org/YHLJIIOHW0

Diminuição da pobreza

Conclusão: