analyse the performance of a sport skill: rugby line-out throw

Foundation Degree in Sports Coaching

Performance Analysis of Rugby Line-out Throw SPO001-2 Coaching for Development

Carl Page (1008889)

University of Bedfordshire

Mr. D Burns

SPO001-2 Coaching for Development

Carl Page (1008889) Page 1 Foundation Degree in Sports Coaching

Contents

Performance Analysis....................................................................................................................... 1

Skill Analysing .................................................................................................................................... 2

4 Phases of the Perfect Model ........................................................................................................ 2

Starting Position: Perfect Model...................................................................................................... 3

Transition: Perfect Model ................................................................................................................. 4

Execution: Perfect Model ................................................................................................................. 5

Recovery: Perfect Model .................................................................................................................. 6

Findings (Strengths & Areas Of Improvement) ............................................................................ 6

Starting Position: ‘Room for Improvement’.................................................................................... 6

Transition: ‘Room for Improvement’ ............................................................................................... 7

Execution: ‘Room for Improvement’ ............................................................................................... 7

Recovery: ‘Room for Improvement’ ................................................................................................ 8

Conclusion .......................................................................................................................................... 8

Bibliography........................................................................................................................................ 9

Appendices.......................................................................................................................................17

Performance Analysis

Performance Analysis is the science of observing and recording events and actions during

competition and training environments (Wikiversity, 2011). practice of methodical

observations with various instruments; this offers investigators a process of gathering

behavioural information within cooperation of the coach and the athlete involved. The

information then is able to be analysed and managed in a range of means which helps to

offer a factual profile, benefiting from providing equally the athlete and the coach feedback

about their movements.

From the developments of both filmed technology and computers it has been able to make

this important method of performance analysis more cost-effective than ever before. Also it

makes available to the coach an audio-visual feedback about their communications with

their athlete. Afterwards includes answering these difficulties in their fullness whereby



interpreting the use of the impartial observation methods into training exercise to develop

as a coach or athlete further.

Skill Analysing

This study focuses on the analysis of the lineout throw in rugby. The skill will take place

when the ball has crossed the side-line as a result is thrown back into the field of play to

restart the game. (Sayers, 2011) The throw is believed to be legal once the ball has

travelled a minimum of five metres and it is thrown in a straight line without being unfair to

any team (IRB, 2010). This skill gives the team who is throwing the ball back in, they will

settle on how many participants needed. However there needs to be at least two

participants from opposing teams in it. The hooker of the team is typically the one whose

job is to throw the ball back in.

4 Phases of the Perfect Model

The skill will continuously be executed in the identical technique when in a match or

training situations. Therefore must make sure there is a specific and agreed starting

position. StasoSphere, (2011) recommends this to the extent then affects the nature of the

movement allowed which has to be continued motion through the completion of the action.

Whereas the transition of the lineout throw is defined as the movement, passage, or

change from one position, state, stage, subject, concept, etc., to another; change.

(Dictionary.com 2012) However execution Collins English Dictionary, 2003 defines it

as the style or manner in which something is accomplished or performed. Finally involves

recovery which is known as a return to the position of guard after making an attack (Collins

English Dictionary, 2003).



Starting Position: Perfect Model

Firstly you must stand with your legs marginally away from each other and with your

weight this has to be on the opposite foot to your stronger throwing arm. (VideoJug

Corporation Limited, 2006) Coaches Info, (2012) discusses about foot contact, being if the

foot forward stance is decided by the participant subsequently it’s important that both their

feet stay in contact with the playing surface all through the throwing movement. However

there are numerous differences of participant’s foot position and these all have their own

variations.

BBC, (2012) mentions if you are a right handed thrower then have to place your right foot

in front plus your left leg this will be just behind it. However your body this faces to the line

out, as transferring your own weight onto your right foot. Furthermore Coaches Info, (2012)

reveals most throwers will have a preference of advancing their foot on the reverse side to

which their dominant hand is at. Although there is several victorious participants who

decide to have their foot in a forward position same as the dominant hand.

Additionally once the ball is taken behind the head, next the thrower will begin to step in

front from a feet together position or a marginally offset stance. Along with making sure

that the knees are slightly bent, as helps the body to be prepared to shift forward. It is vital

there is body stability, yet there is not as much with the foot position. Since there will be

pressure placed all through the body in process of throwing the ball. (Coaches Info,

(2012)

Queensland Rugby Union & Nick Leah Rugby Consulting, (2009) advice this is done by

having your elbows high and by facing forward with your chest out. Since forcing the belly



near towards the spine to the active core. Whereas the knees, these are directed towards

the line out and over the toes too. Also has to be a curve in the back, whereby the

shoulder and hips these are straight to the lineout. As making sure that your stance is

correct which helps to start a good basis. Furthermore with the feet square to the side line

this helps for best balance. (Queensland Rugby Union & Nick Leah Rugby Consulting,

2009)

Transition: Perfect Model

Next phase includes getting a decent firm grip on the ball. As involves bringing your arms

and placing them behind your head as making sure they are bent fully at the elbow.

(VideoJug Corporation Limited, 2006) Therefore a right-handed thrower, their right hand

has to be close the back of the ball, whilst the left hand this must be in front of it. (BBC,

(2012) Further evidenced from Coaches Info, (2012) indicate when the ball is in both

hands next goes behind the throwers head. After that the favoured body action is started

plus the ball is thrown in a forward motion up into the air with the suitable path to go to the

intended jumper’s hands. The right handed thrower will lift the ball and grip it as if they are

about to throw a “Left” to “Right” Spiral Pass. As well ensure that start with the ball in a

fully cocked place.

Since when in the cocked position this makes certain that the back hand wrist is “flat”. Also

with sights set on the target by keeping eyes set. (Queensland Rugby Union & Nick Leah

Rugby Consulting, 2009) Though make sure that the grip is relaxed, or else the ball will not

go straight as an arrow or even reach the intended target. (BBC, (2012) Furthermore with

the right hand this offers the power, although the left hand it helps with the aiming to a

target. (BBC, (2012)



The opposing team’s lineouts won’t be able to aid in the signal of cocking before the throw;

in addition this restricts any unnecessary movement. (Queensland Rugby Union & Nick

Leah Rugby Consulting, 2009) Coaches Info, (2012) recommend there are a range of

hand positions which can be popular, however it is suggested that with the two handed

balanced method to be used. This is done with the throwers main hand being placed

behind the throwers weaker one. Plus keep the ball in the rear sloping face. Further shown

by Queensland Rugby Union & Nick Leah Rugby Consulting, (2009) if the back hand of

the wrist is too far up on the ball also at an angle as a result the over rotation of the ball will

happen and the ball will curl through the air this will lower precision.

Execution: Perfect Model

Followed by bringing the arms behind your head and your elbows have to be fully bent and

are placed near to your head. As own weight ought to be forward and prepared for the

throw. (BBC, (2012) Therefore starting the “Kinetic Chain” has to speedily extend knees

along with in the exact same motion to this to the elbows by extending them forwards. The

rear hand this grips the ball which helps to make the ball spin and velocity though with the

front hand this helps point the ball through the air.

Coaches Info, (2012) state the speed of release is controlled by the amount of the effort

pushed to move the ball. Furthermore the ball’s angle is a necessary part of the throw, as

this influence considerably to the steadiness of the ball when in the air. Plus precision of

the throw. Therefore to complete the motion of throwing accurately, you have to carry on to

rotating hands steadily. Then end with together hands/arms equally also with palms facing

down and the fingers aiming to the target otherwise can instead rotating hands completely

which finish with both palms facing out and with fingers aimed at the target.



Although the complete Kinetic Chain execution this will then put the throwers arms

completely spread and shall be up onto their toes too (Queensland Rugby Union & Nick

Leah Rugby Consulting, 2009). Coaches Info, (2012) express that the steadiness of the

ball in the hands just before release is that the path of target is retained throughout the

throwing action. Along with the trail of driving force is all through the centre part of the ball.

Transferring of your weight frontwards and directing your arms in a good, flat forward

motion. (VideoJug Corporation Limited, 2006)

Recovery: Perfect Model

As whenever the time is accurate then must release the ball. (VideoJug Corporation

Limited, 2006) The direction of the hands, must trail a level curve instead of a rapid

movement. Since following through and placing the hands which go to the planned object

with transferring own weight onto the front foot. (BBC, (2012) By ‘spinning' the ball while it

is being thrown since this will offer it a great solid aimed path. (VideoJug Corporation

Limited, 2006) Likewise as soon as the ball has been let go, roll the left hand this is so

that the ball curls it in a precise manner. Also will aid the intended target to collect the ball

much simpler. BBC, (2012)

Findings (Strengths & Areas Of Improvement)

Starting Position: ‘Room for Improvement’

The starting position of the ‘Room for Improvement’

thrower Figure 1 maintained a slight flexion in their knees

at the same time they began to relax by reducing their

heart rate this with the focusing and giving all attention to

Figure 1. Starting Position



Figure 2. Transition Phase

the imminent lineout throw. However they have stood with their legs at shoulder width

apart plus haven’t put weight on their stronger foot in front of the other one behind the line

to further psychologically prepare for the throw.

Transition: ‘Room for Improvement’

Whereas transition phase ‘Room for Improvement’ Figure 2

their hand placement used on the ball this was done by shifting

their strong hand near to the rear of the ball. This will definitely

influence the direction in which the ball once free it will support

it holding the front of the ball downwards. Next once thrower

has lifted the ball beyond their head then the abdominal wall is

extended and as a result it has been set in motion ready to

spring back forward.

Execution: ‘Room for Improvement’

Followed by as soon as the thrower has started the throwing action of their hips and knees

extending, it shifts the force from their lower body to the core

Figure 3. The Room for Improvement’ forces are passed

through their upper chest to their hands and arms and the

complete momentum leaves when the ball is being propelled.

The thrower has an offset hand position on the ball, this will

make a minor left/right change in their elbow position and the

throwing line. However if the thrower were to pull their elbows

in towards the centre line and then the ball will continue its Figure 3. Execution Stage



path towards the target, also the thrower must be crucially aware through the airlift the ball

has to battle against the wind which can cause the ball to move sidewards in any direction.

Recovery: ‘Room for Improvement’

The throwing process used by the ‘Room for Improvement’

model shows that when releasing at their specific time and

height also by not using a follow-through approach the

models performs an overthrow Figure 4. However if they

next time were to let go of the ball at a higher point along

with by following through this will give the ‘Room for

Improvement’ thrower a further improved chance of an

perfect lineout throw.

Conclusion

Subsequently in this assignment focused on the analysis of the lineout throw in rugby. In

which use of the library and internet this research helped me to create a skills checklist

and discover the different types of performance analysis and how I can use it as a coach.

Hence the performance of the lineout throws in rugby which has four stages which are the

starting position, transition, execution and recovery.

Therefore one is pattern of the perfect model, whereas the other is a model that needs

opportunity for progression. Since through being able to report a detailed description of

the best technical model is the perfect executing action which incorporates images and

Figure 4. Recovery Stage



video as well to compare to individual athletes. Additionally with the use of images/videos

it provides useful information for future decisions and development of performers.

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soccer. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 4(1) August, pp. 98–102.

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at: http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/uwic/ujpa/2003/00000003/00000001/art00006


Sayers, MGL. (2011) Kinematic analysis of line-out throwing in elite international rugby

union. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, (26)8, pp.553–558. [Online] Available at:

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Books

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Edition). Mississauga: John Wiley and Sons. [Online Book] Available at:

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EHw2qBlOkC&oi=fnd&pg=PA1&dq=Rugby+lineout+throw&ots=1f-6Oorzo0&sig=3r-

l0kBlj_5jdGTR2jv0Kn1vNOg#v=onepage&q=Rugby%20lineout%20throw&f=false


http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=GppwebXKtwAC&pg=PA246&lpg=PA246&dq=guardia

n+sport+performance+analysis&source=bl&ots=3FLEd9UTIN&sig=xR3qwT3WF03HPLb4

hEAt2ETAPlE&hl=en&sa=X&ei=OKldT6KdKsjB0QXQnuy6DQ&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBw


Hughes, M. and Franks, I.M. (eds.) (2008) The essentials of performance analysis : an

introduction [Book]. London: Routledge.

O'Donoghue, P. (2010) Research Methods for Sports Performance Analysis. London:

Taylor & Francis. [Online Book] Available at:

http://books.google.co.uk/books/about/Research_Methods_for_Sports_Performance.html?

id=6sxH9b7NmEEC&redir_esc=y [Accessed on: 11/03/2012]

Quinn, K. (1992)The encyclopedia of world rugby. Australia: Seven Hills Books. [Online

Book] Available at:

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U&hl=en [Accessed on: 11/03/2012]

Reilly, T. & Araújo, D. (2005) Science and football V: the proceedings of the Fifth World

Congress on Science and Football. London: Routledge. [Online Book] Available at:

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gby+lineout+throw&ots=SFtSKwoSk3&sig=a-

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http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=GppwebXKtwAC&pg=PA246&lpg=PA246&dq=guardian+sport+performance+analysis&source=bl&ots=3FLEd9UTIN&sig=xR3qwT3WF03HPLb4hEAt2ETAPlE&hl=en&sa=X&ei=OKldT6KdKsjB0QXQnuy6DQ&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBw



http://books.google.co.uk/books/about/Research_Methods_for_Sports_Performance.html?id=6sxH9b7NmEEC&redir_esc=y

http://books.google.co.uk/books/about/Research_Methods_for_Sports_Performance.html?id=6sxH9b7NmEEC&redir_esc=y

http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=nBTwAAAAMAAJ&q=lineouts+RFU&dq=lineouts+RFU&hl=en

http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=nBTwAAAAMAAJ&q=lineouts+RFU&dq=lineouts+RFU&hl=en

http://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=sGD89ts5oGUC&oi=fnd&pg=PA99&dq=Rugby+lineout+throw&ots=SFtSKwoSk3&sig=a-MXjpxLCt9y07i0g1DBCGBJtWY#v=onepage&q=Rugby%20lineout%20throw&f=false




MXjpxLCt9y07i0g1DBCGBJtWY#v=onepage&q=Rugby%20lineout%20throw&f=false


Thompson, I. (2010) The RFU Guide to Coaching Positional Skills. London: A&C Black

Publishers Ltd. [Online Book] Available at:

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Appendices

Appendix 1 Picture Rugby side on 1




Appendix 5 Stick Rugby 1




Appendix 9 Rugby posterior grip video freeze

Appendix 10 Rugby posterior stance video freeze

Appendix 11Rugby posterior release video freeze

Appendix 12 Chong, AK. (2008) Recent Practical Applications Of Close-Range

Photogrammetry For Complex Motion Study

Appendix 13 Sayers, MGL. (2011) Kinematic analysis of line-out throwing in elite

international rugby union.


http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=v1doXXuodcsC&pg=PA42&dq=lineouts+RFU&hl=en