anatomy of plants chapter 4. prokaryotes no membrane enclosed organelles considered primitive...
TRANSCRIPT
Prokaryotes
• No membrane enclosed organelles
• Considered primitive
• Examples: Bacteria & Blue green algae
Eukaryotes
• Organelles bound with membranes
• Organelles such as: nucleus, mitochondria, vacuoles etc.
• Examples: plant & animal
Cell Walls
• Made of hemicellulose
• Protects the organelles
• Give structure and support
• Secondary cell walls are made up of cellulose, pectic, suberin, cutin, and lignins
Protoplast
• Refers to the inside of the cell
• Cytoplasm:– The fluid surrounded by plasma membrane– Made up of proteins– Suspends the organelles
Chloroplasts
• Responsible for photosynthesis
• Contains pigments
• Solar energy is harvested
• Made up of flattened discs called grana
• Double membranes plastids
Mitochondria
• The manufacturing plant
• Site of respiration
• Involved in producing ATP
• Double membrane surrounding it
Nucleus
• Control center of the cell
• Contains chromosomal DNA
• Double membrane which is porous to allow
material to pass in and out of the nucleus
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
• Site of protein synthesis
• Two types: Rough ER has ribosomes and
Smooth ER does not have ribosomes
Golgi Apparatus (Body)
• Membrane bound
• Packages energy
• Delivers packaged energy to different parts of the cell
Permanent Tissue
• Epidermis
• Parenchyma– Collenchyma, support function– Sclerenchyma, they make plant fibers or gritty
cell like in pears