anatomy of the knee. bones of the knee consists of 3 bones: distal part of the femur proximal tibia...
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Anatomy of the Knee
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Bones of the Knee
• Consists of 3 Bones:• Distal Part of the Femur• Proximal Tibia• Patella
• The fibula is not considered part of the knee joint.
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Bones of the Knee
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Bones of the Knee
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Joints of the knee
• The knee joint is the Largest joint in the body• Tibiofemoral Joint • Patellofemoral Joint
• The Proximal Tibiofibular joint is not considered to be part of the knee joint.
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Ligaments of the Knee
• Anterior Cruciate Ligament• Posterior Cruciate Ligament• Lateral Collateral Ligament• Medial Collateral Ligament
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Ligaments of the Knee(Anterior View)
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The Meniscus
• 2 Fibrocartilage Discs:• Medial and Lateral Meniscus
• Attached to the Tibial Plateaus and Joint CapsuleFunctions:• Distribute Joint Pressure• Add Stability• Shock Absorption• Lubrication
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The Meniscus
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Total Knee(Posterior View)
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Muscles of the Knee
• Anterior Muscles:• The Quadriceps:• Rectus Femoris (two joint muscle)• Vastus Medialis• Vastus Intermedius• Vastus Lateralis
• Sartorius
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Muscles of the Knee
• Posterior:• Hamstrings:• Biceps Femoris • Semitendinosus• Semimembranosus
• Gracilus• Popliteus• Gastrocnemius
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Muscles of the Knee OIA chart
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Muscles of the Knee OIA chart
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Bursa of the Knee
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ROM of the Knee
• Tibiofemoral joint:• Flexion and Extension: 140-0 degrees
• Knee Flexed:• Internal Rotation: 30 degrees• External Rotation: 45 degrees
• “Screwing Home” Mechanism• During the final few degrees of knee extension the
tibia externally rotates on the femur, which brings the knee into its closed packed position
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ROM of the Knee
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Alignments of the Knee
• Q-angle• The angle of formed by the line connecting the ASIS
to the center of the patella and the line connecting the center of the patella and the tibial tuberosity
• Determines the line of pull of the patella at the patellofemoral joint
• Normal Ranges: • 18 degrees female• 13 degrees male
• Q-angle below normal: Genu Varum (bow-legged)• Q-angle above normal: Genu Valgum (knock Kneed)
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Alignments of the Knee