ancient america people have been in the americas for at least 11,500 years, and maybe much earlier,...
TRANSCRIPT
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Ancient America• People have been in the
Americas for at least 11,500 years, and maybe much earlier, as scholars have known through radiocarbon dating since the late 1950s.
• The "land bridge" (a vast area now usually called Beringia) became available several times in the last 70,000 years due to huge drops in sea level during the Ice Age.
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“Indians”
• Paleoindians– Stone tools– Both genders contributing to food supply– Greater reliance on gathering than hunting for all
• Later North American Indians– More flexible gender roles
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Mythology/Origins
• Old Spider Woman– Serpent Woman– Corn Woman– Earth Woman
• She is creator, informs balance, oversees all, creates, destroys, awards, and punishes– Defined traditionally as ‘fertility goddess’
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History
• Early 1600s a squaw-sachem known as the ‘Massachusetts Queen’ ruled the Massachusetts Confederacy, until the people were devastated by famine, disease, and colonial manipulations
• Queen Weetamoo commanded 300 warriors in King Philip’s War and harbored and released Mary Rowlandson
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Mayans
• Ceren, El Salvador: Volcano Site, the American Pompeii– Given the similarity of other Maya peoples
and the engendered nature of their daily life, scholars are reasonably certain that Ceren did have a sexual division of labor, where women prepared the corn, cooked the meals, and wove the fabric.
– However, one building, larger and with different relics, probably religious, was inhabited solely by a single woman
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Mayans• Altar De Sacrificios,
Guatemala– Burial 128 and 96: Royal
identified as a man, but there are clues that it might be a woman.
– A vase with hieroglyphics might tell the tale, but in the thirty-some years since this archeological find, scholars have learned how to translate Maya hieroglyphics; however, the vase included with Burial 96 has not yet been studied, in spite of its many hieroglyphics.
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