Census of India 2011

ANDHRA PRADESH

SERIES-29 PART XII-B

DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK

ADILABAD

VILLAGE AND TOWN WISE

PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT (PCA)

DIRECTORATE OF CENSUS OPERATIONSANDHRA PRADESH

CENSUS OF INDIA 2011

ANDHRA PRADESH

SERIES-29 PART XII - B

DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK

ADILABAD

VILLAGE AND TOWN WISE PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT (PCA)

Directorate of Census Operations ANDHRA PRADESH

MOTIF

NIRMAL PAINTINGS

Nirmal painting is named after the village where this art form originated. The small village of Nirmal is nestled amidst the forest in Adilabad District in the Telangana region. It is about 77 kms from Adilabad and 383 kms from Hyderabad.

The Nirmal art form originated in the 14th century and the artisans were known as “Nakkash”. These creative artisans painted scenes from Hindu epics, the Ramayana and the Mahabharatha, as well as legends from the Puranas. During the Mughal era, the emperors were extremely enchanted by this art form and this resulted in the rulers patronising this art form extensively.

The credit for spreading the word about Nirmal paintings goes to Lady Hyderi, who brought the artisans to Hyderabad five centuries later. The subsequent generations of Nirmal artisans did not restrict themselves to mythological themes. They forayed into other styles, drawing inspiration from art styles of Ajanta, Kangra and Mughal miniatures.

What makes Nirmal paintings and art unique is the usage of local materials to paint and create craft items. Wood forms the basis for the paintings and craft, and locally available soft white wood called Ponniki is used. This wood is strengthened by coating it with a paste of tamarind seeds, fine muslin and pipe clay. Herbs, resins and minerals are used to create the vibrant colours. The golden colour that is synonymous with Nirmal paintings and art is created using herbal juices.

Pages

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6 13

7 15

8 17

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(i) 20

(ii) 25

(iii) 51

(iv) 89

(v) 109

(vi) 129

(vii) 443

10 Section –II Tables based on Households Amenities and Assets (Rural/Urban) at District and Sub-District level.

(i) Table -1: Households by Ownership status and by Number of Dwellingrooms occupied in the District, 2011 465

History and Scope of the District Census Handbook

Urban PCA-Town wise Primary Census Abstract

Section - I Primary Census Abstract (PCA)

Brief note on Primary Census Abstract

District Primary Census Abstract

Appendix to District Primary Census Abstract Total, Scheduled Castes andScheduled Tribes Population - Urban Block wise

Primary Census Abstract for Scheduled Castes (SC)

Rural PCA-C.D. blocks wise Village Primary Census Abstract

Contents

Primary Census Abstract for Scheduled Tribes (ST)

Administrative Setup

Important Statistics

District Highlights - 2011 Census

Brief History of the District

Foreword

Preface

Acknowledgement

(ii) Table -2: Percentage distribution of Households living in Permanent,Semi permanent and Temporary houses, 2011 466

(iii) Table -3: Number and Percentage of Households by main source ofDrinking water, 2011 470

(iv) Table -4: Number and Percentage of Households by main source ofLighting, 2011 478

(v) Table -5: Number and Percentage of Households by type of Latrinefacility, 2011 486

(vi) Table -6: Number and Percentage of Households by type of Drainageconnectivity for waste water outlet, 2011 494

(vii) Table -7: Number and Percentage of Households by availability ofKitchen facility, 2011 498

(viii) Table -8: Number and Percentage of Households by type of fuel used forCooking, 2011 502

(ix) Table -9:Number and Percentage of Households availing Bankingservices and number of Households having each of thespecified Assets, 2011

510

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FOREWORD The District Census Handbook (DCHB) is an important publication of the Census Organization since 1951. It contains both Census and non Census data of urban and rural areas for each District. The Census data provide information on demographic and socio-economic characteristics of population at the lowest administrative unit i.e. of each Village and Town and ward of the District. The Primary Census Abstract (PCA) part of this publication contains Census data including data on household amenities collected during 1st.phase of the Census i.e. House Listing and Housing Census. The non Census data presented in the DCHB is in the form of Village Directory and Town Directory contain information on various infrastructure facilities available in the village and town viz; education, medical, drinking water, communication and transport, post and telegraph, electricity, banking, and other miscellaneous facilities. Later on, the Telegraph Services were closed by the Government of India on 15th. July, 2013. The data of DCHB are of considerable importance in the context of planning and development at the grass-root level. 2. In the 1961 Census, DCHB provided a descriptive account of the District, administrative statistics, Census tables and Village and Town Directory including Primary Census Abstract. This pattern was changed in 1971 Census and the DCHB was published in three parts: Part-A related to Village and Town Directory, Part-B to Village and Town PCA and Part-C comprised analytical report, administrative statistics, District Census tables and certain analytical tables based on PCA and amenity data in respect of Villages. The 1981 Census DCHB was published in two parts: Part-A contained Village and Town Directory and Part-B the PCA of Village and Town including the SCs and STs PCA up to Tahsil/Town levels. New features along with restructuring of the formats of Village and Town Directory were added. In Village Directory, all amenities except electricity were brought together and if any amenity was not available in the referent Village, the distance in broad ranges from the nearest place having such an amenity, was given. 3. The pattern of 1981 Census was followed by and large for the DCHB of 1991 Census except the format of PCA. It was restructured. Nine-fold industrial classification of main workers was given against the four-fold industrial classification presented in the 1981 Census. In addition, sex wise population in 0-6 age group was included in the PCA for the first time with a view to enable the data users to compile more realistic literacy rate as all children below 7 years of age had been treated as illiterate at the time of 1991 Census. One of the important innovations in the 1991 Census was the Community Development Block (CD Block) level presentation of Village Directory and PCA data instead of the traditional Tahsil/Taluk/PS level presentation. 4. As regards DCHB of 2001 Census, the scope of Village Directory was improved by including some other amenities like banking, recreational and cultural facilities, newspapers & magazines and `most important commodity’ manufactured in a Village in addition to prescribed facilities of earlier Censuses. In Town Directory, the statement on Slums was modified and its coverage was enlarged by including details on all slums instead of ‘notified slums’. 5. The scope and coverage of Village Directory of 2011 DCHB has been widened by including a number of new amenities in addition to those of 2001. These newly

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added amenities are: Pre-Primary School, Engineering College, Medical College, Management Institute, Polytechnic, Non-formal Training Centre, Special School for Disabled, Community Health Centre, Veterinary Hospital, Mobile Health Clinic, Medical Practitioner with MBBS Degree, Medical Practitioner with no degree, Traditional Practitioner and faith Healer, Medicine Shop, Community Toilet, Rural Sanitary Mart or Sanitary Hardware Outlet in the Village, Community Bio- gas, Sub Post Office, Village Pin Code, Public Call Office, Mobile Phone Coverage, Internet Cafes/ Common Service Centre, Private Courier Facility, Auto/Modified Autos, Taxis and Vans, Tractors, Cycle-pulled Rickshaws, Carts driven by Animals, Village connected to National Highway, State Highway, Major District Road, and Other District Road, Availability of Water Bounded Macadam Roads in Village, ATM, Self-Help Group, Public Distribution System(PDS) Shop, Mandis/Regular Market, Weekly Haat, Agricultural Marketing Society, Nutritional Centers (ICDS), Anganwadi Centre, ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist), Sports Field, Public Library, Public Reading Room, Assembly Polling station, Birth & Death Registration Office. In the Town Directory, seven Statements containing the details and the data of each Town have been presented viz.; (i)-Status and Growth History of Towns,(ii)- Physical Aspects and Location of Towns, (iii)-Civic and other Amenities, (iv)-Medical Facilities, (v)-Educational, Recreational & Cultural Facilities, (vi)- Industry & Banking, and (vii)- Civic & other amenities in Slums respectively. CD Block wise data of Village Directory and Village PCA have been presented in DCHB of 2011 Census as presented in earlier Census.

6. The data of DCHB 2011 Census have been presented in two parts, Part-Acontains Village and Town Directory and Part-B contains Village and Town wise Primary Census Abstract. Both the Parts have been published in separate volumes in 2011 Census.

7. The Village and Town level amenities data have been collected, compiled andcomputerized under the supervision of Smt Y.V Anuradha, IAS., Director of Census Operation, Andhra Pradesh. The task of Planning, Designing and Co-ordination of this publication was carried out by Dr. Pratibha Kumari, Assistant Registrar General (SS) under the guidance & supervision of Dr. R.C.Sethi, Ex-Addl. RGI and Shri Deepak Rastogi present Addl.RGI. Shri A.P. Singh, Deputy Registrar General, (Map) provided the technical guidance in the preparation of maps. Shri A.K. Arora, Joint Director of Data Processing Division under the overall supervision of Shri M.S.Thapa, Addl. Director (EDP) provided full cooperation in preparation of record structure for digitization and validity checking of Village and Town Directory data and the programme for the generation of Village Directory and Town Directory including various analytical inset tables as well as Primary Census Abstract (PCA). The work of preparation of DCHB, 2011 Census has been monitored in the Social Studies Division. I am thankful to all of them and others who have contributed to bring out this publication in time.

(C.Chandramouli) Registrar General &

Census Commissioner, India New Delhi. Dated:- 16-06-2014

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Preface

The District Census handbooks (DCHBs) is brought out in each decennial census

since 1951 containing Village and Town Directory, Village & Town wise Primary

Census Abstract (PCA) and data on “amenities” for each village and town in the

district. The objective of publishing the DCHB is to place the data collected at

census along with the data on amenities at Village and Town level, collected from

Tahsildars/Municipal Commissioners. The amenities data is validated by comparing

with secondary data obtained from Heads of the Departments. For example,

information on schools was compared with data available with the Commissioner,

School Education and information on post offices was compared with data obtained

from the Chief Post Master General and so on. Validation of data in the above

manner was by no means an easy exercise. Scores of officials had put in grueling

efforts for months together.

Generally, the District Census Hand Book contains two parts i.e., Part A & Part B.

Part A contains Village and Town Directory and Part-B contains data on Village and

Town Primary Census Abstract along with Housing amenities. This time both Part-A

and Part-B volumes will be published separately for each district.

The present volume deals with the Part-B of the DCHB and comprises broadly:

History and scope of the DCHB, Brief History of the district, Administrative setup,

District highlights, Important Statistics of the District, Brief note of Primary Census

Abstract, Appendix to District Primary Census Abstract i.e., Urban block wise

figures of Total, SC & ST Population, Rural PCA, Urban PCA, Housing Amenities

etc., of 2011 Census of India.

The District Census Handbook is further enriched with a district and Sub-district

(Mandal) maps depicting villages/towns with population size and also amenities

such as educational Institutions, Hospitals, Telegraph and Telephone facilities,

Banks etc.

I am grateful to the Chief Secretary, Principal Secretaries, Secretaries, District

Collectors, Municipal Commissioners, Tahsildars and senior officials of the

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Government of Andhra Pradesh for their co-operation and assistance throughout

the Census Operations and in the process of collection of the Secondary data.

I am very privileged to be associated with the national task of Census of India 2011

in the capacity of Director of Census Operations, Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad. I

express my heartfelt gratitude to Dr. C. Chandramouli, IAS, Registrar General &

Census Commissioner, India, for the inspiring guidance all along. I sincerely

express my profound thanks to Dr. R.C. Sethi, ISS, Additional Registrar General,

India, Dr. Deepak Rastogi, Deputy Director General, Shri. A.K. Singh, Deputy

Registrar General (Census) for help, guidance and constant support accorded in all

matters. Thanks are also due to Dr. A.P. Singh, Deputy Registrar General (Map) for

his support and guidance in generating digital maps. I also acknowledge the

continuous support of Dr. Prathibha Kumari, Assistant Registrar General (S.S) and

other Officers of the Office of the Registrar General, India, New Delhi.

I sincerely express my gratitude to Shri M.S. Thapa, Additional Director (EDP) and

his team for their technical guidance and also in generating various tables in

bringing out this volume.

The credit for preparation of DCHB goes to a team of devoted officers and staff of

this Directorate under the guidance of Shri. R.V.V. Durga Prasad, Joint Director

along with the methodical direct supervision of Shri. S. Daya Sagar, Assistant

Director for their active involvement and painstaking efforts in bringing out this

publication. The names of individuals associated with this project are shown in

‘Acknowledgements’. I am grateful to all of them.

I hope that the data users will find this publication very useful.

Date: 30.06.2014 Y.V. Anuradha, I.A.S. Hyderabad Director

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Officers Designation

Shri. D. Hanumantharaya Joint Director Shri. R.V.V. Durga Prasad Joint Director Shri. G. Bapuji Joint Director Shri. Jagannath Majhi Deputy Director Shri. S. Daya Sagar Assistant Director Shri. V.Sreekanth Assistant Director

Drafting

Dr. P. John Samuel Senior Geographer

Collection, Compilation, Comparison and Finalization

Shri. Pradip Dev Statistical Investigator Grade-I Smt. P. Vijaya Statistical Investigator Grade-I Shri .B. Nadavaiah Statistical Investigator Grade-II Smt. T. Balatripura Sundari Statistical Investigator Grade-II Smt. M. Indra Bhavani Statistical Investigator Grade-II Shri. G. Venkateswara Rao Statistical Investigator Grade-II Shri. L. Sudish Mitra Statistical Investigator Grade-II Smt.Deepthi Divakaran Statistical Investigator Grade-II Shri. P.L.N. Sharma Senior Compiler Smt. P.S. Veena Compiler Smt. Alin Barkha Tigga Compiler Smt. C.K. Karthika Compiler Kum. Minakshi Sahu Compiler Smt. N.V. Satyavathi Devi Assistant Compiler Smt. T. Manorama Assistant Compiler Smt. T. Sujatha Data Entry Operator Grade ‘B’ Smt. K. Rama Data Entry Operator Grade ‘B’ Smt. D. Kali Prasanna Data Entry Operator Grade ‘B’ Shri. K. Nagaiah Assistant Director [G] {on Contract} Shri. M. Sree Ramulu Statistical Investigator Grade-II {on Contract} Shri. S. Ramakrishna Statistical Investigator Grade-II {on Contract} Shri. D. Ramulu Statistical Investigator Grade-II {on Contract} Shri. D. Somanna Statistical Investigator Grade-II {on Contract} Smt. B. Kusuma Kumari Statistical Investigator Grade-II {on Contract} Shri. L.K. Murthy Data Entry Operator Grade ‘B’ {on Contract} Shri. B.S. Hanumantha Reddy Data Entry Operator Grade ‘B’ {on Contract}

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Data Entry Shri.K.S.K.Chakravarthy Data Entry Operator Grade ‘B’ Smt.S.Anuradha Data Entry Operator Grade ‘B’ Smt. C. Lakshmi Data Entry Operator Grade ‘B’ Shri. N. Mahesh Mohan Rao Data Entry Operator Grade ‘B’ Shri. D. Venkata Ramana Data Entry Operator Grade ‘B’ Smt. T. Sujatha Data Entry Operator Grade ‘B’ Smt. K. Rama Data Entry Operator Grade ‘B’ Smt. D. Kali Prasanna Data Entry Operator Grade ‘B’ Smt. V.Adilakshmi Data Entry Operator Grade ‘B’ Smt. B. Shobha Rani Data Entry Operator Grade ‘B’ Smt. Deepthi Divakaran Statistical Investigator Grade-II Sri. Indrapal Yadav Statistical Investigator Grade-II Smt. P.S. Veena Compiler Smt. Alin Barkha Tigga Compiler Smt. C.K. Karthika Compiler Kum. Minakshi Sahu Compiler

Supervision of Mapping Work Smt G.V. Chandrakala Assistant Director Smt M.B. Rama Devi Senior Geographer

Preparation of Computerised Maps Shri G. Mariyanna Senior Drawing Assistant Shri D. Chiranjeevi Raju Senior Draughtsman Shri M.A Quadeer Senior Draughtsman Shri T. Trinadh Senior Draughtsman Smt R.R.S.N Subba Lakshmi Senior Draughtsman Shri Gulam Hasan Mohinuddin Senior Draughtsman Shri P. Babji Senior Draughtsman

ORGI- Data Processing Division

Shri Jaspal Singh Lamba

Ms. Usha

Shri Anurag Gupta

Deputy Director

Assistant Director

DPA Grade ‘A’

Shri Mukesh K.Mahawar

Ms. Shagufta Nasreen Bhat

Ms. Kiran Bala Saxena

DPA Grade ‘A’

DPA Grade ‘A’

Sr. Supervisor

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HISTORY AND SCOPE OF THE DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK

The need of data at the grass root level for the administrative and planning purposes at sub micro level as well as academic studies prompted the innovation of District Census Handbook. District Census Handbook is a unique publication from the Census organization which provides most authentic details of census and non-census information from village and town level to district level. The District Census Handbook was firstly introduced during the 1951 Census. It contains both census and non census data of urban as well as rural areas for each district. The census data contain several demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the lowest administrative unit i.e. of each village and town and ward of the district. The non census data comprise of data on availability of various civic amenities and infrastructural facilities etc. at the town and village level which constitute Village Directory and Town Directory part of the DCHB. The data of DCHB are of considerable importance in the context of planning and development at grass-root level.

In 1961 census DCHB provided a descriptive account of the district, administrative statistics, census tables and village and town directory including Primary Census Abstract. This pattern was changed in 1971 Census and the DCHB was published in three parts: Part-A related to village and town directory, Part-B to village and town PCA and Part-C comprised analytical report, administrative statistics, district census tables and certain analytical tables based on PCA and amenity data in respect of villages. The 1981 census DCHB was published in two parts: Part-A contained village and town directory and Part-B the PCA of village and town including the SCs and STs PCA up to tahsil/town levels. New features along with restructuring of the formats of village and town directory were added into it. In Village Directory, all amenities except electricity were brought together and if any amenity was not available in the referent village, the distance in broad ranges from the nearest place having such an amenity, was given.

The pattern of 1981 census was followed by and large for the DCHB of 1991 Census except the format of PCA. It was restructured. Nine-fold industrial classification of main workers was given against the four-fold industrial classification presented in the 1981 census. In addition, sex wise population in 0-6 age group was included in the PCA for the first time with a view to enable the data users to compile more realistic literacy rate as all children below 7 years of age had been treated as illiterate at the time of 1991 census. One of the important innovations in the 1991 census was the Community Development Block (CD Block) level presentation of village directory and PCA data instead of the traditional tahsil/taluk/PS level presentation.

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As regards DCHB of 2001 Census, the scope of Village Directory was improved by including some other amenities like banking, recreational and cultural facilities, newspapers & magazines and `most important commodity’ manufactured in a village in addition to prescribed facilities of earlier censuses. In Town Directory, the statement on Slums was modified and its coverage was enlarged by including details on all slums instead of ‘notified slums’.

The scope and coverage of Village Directory of 2011 DCHB has been widened by including a number of new amenities in addition to those of 2001. In the Town Directory, seven Statements containing the details and the data of each town have been presented viz.; (i)-Status and Growth History of towns,(ii)- Physical Aspects and Location of Towns, (iii)-Civic and other Amenities, (iv)-Medical Facilities, (v)-Educational, Recreational & Cultural Facilities, (vi)- Industry & Banking, and (vii)- Civic & other amenities in Slums respectively. CD Block wise data of Village Directory and Village PCA have been presented in DCHB of 2011 census as presented in earlier census. The data of DCHB 2011 Census have been presented in two parts, Part-A contains Village and Town Directory and Part-B contains Village and Town wise Primary Census Abstract. Both the Parts have been published in separate volumes in 2011 Census.

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Brief History of the District

Adilabad district, prior to 1905, was a sub-district by name Sirpur-Tandur and extended over an area of 5029 square miles. It then consisted of only three taluks viz., Edlabad (Adilabad), Rajura and Sirpur besides a few jagir villages. In 1905 the erstwhile Hyderabad Government effected a general reconstitution of the divisions and districts in Hyderabad State during which Sirpur-Tandur sub-district gained two taluks viz., Narsapur and Nirmal from Nizamabad (Indur) district and two taluks viz., Chinnur and Lakshettipet from Karimnagar (Elgandla) district and the sub-district was upgraded into an independent district known as Adilabad district. The northern portions of Narsapur and Nirmal Taluks and a part of Edlabad (Adilabad) Taluk were clubbed and constituted into a new taluk called Kinwat. The remaining portion of Narsapur was merged with Nirmal taluk. In between Sirpur and Lakshettipet taluks,a new taluk by name Jangoan was created by grouping together villages from both the taluks. This taluk was later renamed as Asifabad taluk. A new paigah taluk of Yelgadap was also constituted later. During the following decade of 1911-1921, the taluks were again reorganized so as to allow the formation of the new taluks of Utnur and Boath. During the decade 1941-1951 Yelgadap-paigah taluk was renamed as Khanapur Independent Sub-Taluk.

In November, 1956, when the Reorganisation of States was made and Andhra Pradesh was formed, a major portion of this district along with the other eight districts of Telangana became part of Andhra Pradseh. The predominantly Marathi speaking taluks of Rajura and Kinwat and Islapur circle of Boath taluk were transferred to Maharashtra State while this district gained Mudhole taluk except Dharmabad circle i.e., Mudhol, Kubeer and Bhainsa circles from Nanded district. These three circles were constituted into Mudhol taluk. The district did not undergo any major territorial change in its jurisdiction after November, 1956. Very little is known about the early history of Adilabad district before it became part of Hyderabad State. A brief early history of Deccan of which Adilabad district formed part is, however, given below.

Early Hindu Period :

In pre-historic times the great Dravidian race occupied Southern India including a major portion of the Deccan plateau. It is uncertain when the Aryans invaded the Deccan. The empire of Asoka (273-231 B.C.), however, seems to have had control over the whole of Berar and a considerable portion of the Deccan plateau. The Andhras were the next kings who ruled the Deccan. They are mentioned in the Asokan inscriptions but their rise to power dates from about 220 B.C. Gradually extending their sway from Krishna delta they soon possessed an empire reaching Nasik. This dynasty seems to have come to an end in the third century A.D. but the reasons for the collapse are little known. The Pallavas who ruled South of Krishna might have extended their power to this region. The next dynasty of importance is that of the Chalukyas who rose to power in Bijapur district by about 550 A.D. and founded an empire spreading east and west across the Peninsula with their capital at Badanis. Pulakesin II (608-642 A.D), ruled practically the major portion of South India from the Narmada river and even came into contact with Harshavardhana of Kanauj. Throughout their period of supremacy, the Chalukyas were at war with the Pallavas. In the middle of the eigth

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century, the Chalukyas were displaced by the Rashtrakutas of Malkhed in Gulbarga district. From about 973 A.D., the Chalukyan dynasty was restored and for nearly 200 years maintained its position, inspite of fierce struggles with the Cholas and Hoyasala of Dwarasamudra. The Chalukya power fell by about 1189 A.D. yielding place to the Hoyasalas and Yadavas, the later of whom established themselves at Deogiri. The Yadavas were the last great Hindu rulers of the Deccan, for Vijayanagar kingdom which was founded half a century later after the advent of the Muhammadans, never acquired much sway in the Deccan proper.

Muhammadan Period :

Alla-ud-din khilji led the first Muhammadan expedition into the Deccan, in 1294 against the Yadava ruler of Deogiri and forced him to submission. In 1296 he assassinated his own uncle and seized the throne, and sent an expedition to Deogiri. His first expedition was dispatched in 1303 against the Kakatiya kings of Warangal, who had established themselves there since the middle of 12th century. This having failed, he sent a second expedition under Malik Kafur in 1309, which resulted in the submission of the Raja who agreed to pay tribute. Muhammad-bin-Tughlak later conducted a campaign against Warangal and finally broke the Kakatiya power in 1323. In 1310, Mallik Kafur was sent against the Hoyasala Raja of Dwarasumdra (Halebid in Mysore). In 1318 when Harpal, the Deogiri ruler rebelled, he was defeated and put to death and with him the Yadava dynasty ended. When Muhammad-bin-Tughlak ascended the throne of Delhi in 1325 the Muhammadans were masters of the Deccan from North to South; the chief Rajas of Telangana acknowledged their sway and paid tributes. He changed the name of Devagiri to Daultabad and made it his capital. A few years later, the imperial Governors of the Deccan revolted resulting in the establishment of the Bahamani dynasty. Zafar Khan, who styled himself as Alla-ud-Din Hasan Shah Gangu founded this line and having taken possession of the Deccan provinces including Bidar and Gulbarga, he made the latter place his capital and commenced to rule from 1347 A.D. The Bahamani kingdom extended from Berar in the North of the Deccan to the left bank of Tungabhadra in the South and from Dabal on the West coast to the Telangana tracts in the East. After the fall of this dynasty the Barid Shahi dynasty came into power. Amir Barid who assumed sole charge of the affairs of the Bahamani kingdom, after the down fall of the Bahamani dynasty, had many vicissitudes and constant wars with the rulers of Bijapur and Berar and he died in Daultabad in 1538. He was succeeded by his son Ali Barid who was the first to assume the title of Shah. In 1565, he marched along with the other Deccan kings against the Rajah of Vijayanagar and in the memorable battle near Rakshsi Tangadi, the Vijayanagar ruler was defeated and his fate sealed. Ali Barid died in 1582 and he was succeeded by three other kings. The Qutub Shahi dynasty next came into prominence. Sultan Quli Qutub-ul-Mulk, a Turk of noble family who was Governor of the Golconda province under the Bahmanis took advantage of the distracted State of the kingdom under Muhammad Shah of the Barid Shahi dynasty and declared his establishing the Qutub Shahi dynasty which reigned from 1512 to 1687 A.D.

When the Mughals invaded the Deccan, the local rulers formed an alliance against them but after defeating the invaders they fell out among themselves enabling the Mughal troops to subdue the country. Shah Jahan after rebelling

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against his father fled from Burhanpur and was welcome at Golconda by Abdullaha Qutub Shah. In 1635 A.D. Shah Jahan who had by then become the Emperor, sent a ‘farmaan’ to Golconda which was well received. Mir Jumla, the king’s Minister appealed to Aurangazeb for help against his master in 1655 A.D. and this afforded a pretext for Aurangazeb to invade the territory. Hyderabad was plundered, but Abdullah sued for peace and paid arrears of tribute. He died in 1674 A.D. and was succeeded by his nephew Abdul Hasan also called Tana Shah. After the fall of Bijapur in 1686 A.D. Aurangazeb turned his attention to Golconda which was taken over in the following year. Tana Shah was made a prisoner and died in 1704 A.D. and with him the Qutub Shahi line ended. This dynasty was followed by Asaf Jahi dynasty to which the former Nizam belongs. The Asaf Jahi dynasty was founded by Asaf Jah, a distinguished General of Aurangazeb, a Turkman by descent. After a long service under the Delhi Emperor, he was appointed as Subedar or Viceroy of the Deccan in 1713A.D. with the title of Nizam-ul-Mulk, which has since become the hereditary title of the family. The Mughal Empire at this period was on the verge of decline owing to internal dissensions and attacks from within. Amidst the general confusion Asaf Jah had little difficulty in asserting his Independence against the degenerated and weak occupants of the throne of Delhi, but he had to repel the inroads of Marathas who were creating harassment in the west of his newly acquired territory. His independence was the cause of much jealousy at Delhi and the court party secretly instructed Mubariz Khan, Governor of Khandesh to oppose him by force of arms. A battle was fought at Shakarkhelda in the Buldana district of Berar in 1724 A.D. when Mubariz Khan was totally defeated and put to death. This battle established the Independence of Asaf Jah who annexed Berar and fixed his residence at Hyderabad and established his dominions. Adilabad district along with the rest of the Telangana came under the control of the Asaf Jahi dynasty.

After the death of Asaf jah, Nazir Jung his second son, and Muzaffar Jung, his grandson by one of his daughters, strove for the succession. At this time the English and the French were contending supremacy in the East and each of the claimants secured the support of one of these powers; Nazir Jung’s cause was espoused by the English, while Muzaffar Jung was supported by the French. The latter, however, fell a prisoner to his uncle, but on the assassination of Nazir Jung, Muzaffar Jung was proclaimed the soverign. Dupleix, the French Governor, became the controller of the Nizam’s authority. Muzaffar Jung was killed by some Pathan chiefs and the French then selected Salabat Jung a brother of Nazir Jung and son of Asaf Jah as ruler. Ghazi-ud-Din, the eldest son of Asaf Jah, who, it was alleged, had relinquished his claim at first, now appeared as a claimant, supported by the Marathas, but his sudden death put a stop to further struggle. The English and the French were now contesting power and influence in the Deccan; but the victories of Clive in the Carnatic caused the latter to turn their attention to their own possessions which were threatened and to leave Salabat Jung to shift for himself. Nizam Ali Khan, the fourth son of Asaf jah at this juncture obtained the support of the English on the promise of dismissing French from his service. Salabat Jung was dethroned in 1761A.D. and Nizam Ali Khan was proclaimed ruler.

In 1766 A.D. the Northern Circars were ceded to the British on the condition that the Nizam was to be furnished with a subsidiary force in times of war, and received six lakhs of rupees per annum when no troops were required, the Nizam

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on his part promising to support the British with his troops. This was followed by the treaty of 1768 A.D., by which the East India Company and the Nawab of Carnatic engaged to assist the Nizam with troops whenever required by him, on payment. In 1790 A.D., war broke out between Tipu Sultan and the British and treaty of alliance was concluded among the Nizam, the Marathas and the British. Tipu, however, concluded peace and had to relinquish half of his dominions which were divided among allies. In 1798 A.D., another treaty was concluded between the Nizam and the British. On the fall of Seringapatnam and the death of Tipu Sultan, the Nizam participated largely under the treaty of Mysore in 1799 in the division of territory and his share was increased because of the withdrawal of the peshwas from the treaty. In 1800 a fresh treaty was concluded between the Nizam and the British by which the Nizam ceded all the territories which had accured to him under the treaties of 1792 and 1799, i.e. Cuddapah, Kurnool, Anantapur and Bellary districts known as the ceded districts of Madras. Nizam Ali Khan died in 1803 and he was succeeded by his son, Sikandar Jah. On the death of Sikandar Jah in 1829, his son Nasir-ud-Doula succeeded to the throne. Nasir-ud-Doula died in May, 1857 and he was succeeded by his son Afjal-ud-Doula. In 1869 on the death of Afjal-ud-Doula, his son Mir Mahbub Ali Khan Bahdur became the ruler. As he was only three years old then, regency was constituted for the administration of the kingdom, with Salar Jung I as regent and Nawab Shams-ul-Umara as co-regent, the British resident being consulted on all important matters concerning the welfare of the State. On the death of the co-regent in 1877, his half brother Nawab Vikar-ul-Umara was appointed co-administrator but he too died in 1881, Sir Salar Jung remained the sole administrator and regent till his death (in 1883). In 1884, Mir Mahbub Ali Khan having attained majority, was installed as ruler by Lord Rippon. On the death of Mir Mahbub Ali Khan in 1911 Mir Osman Ali Khan ascended the throne.

In 1947 when the country attained independence, the princely States were given the choice either to remain independent or to join the Indian Union. The Nizam’s Dominions became part of the Indian Union in 1948, as a part ‘B’ State. In 1956, during the Reorganisation of States, the Hyderabad State was trifurcated and the nine predominantly Telugu speaking districts of Adilabad, Nizamabad, Karimnagar, Medak, Hyderabad, Mahbubnagar, Nalgonda, Warangal and Khammam known as the Telangana region were transferred to Andhra Pradesh. Major portions of the predominantly Kannada speaking districts of Raichur, Gulbarga and Bidar were transferred to Mysore State (renamed as Karnataka state) while the Marathwada comprising the five districts of Aurangabad, Osmanabad, Bhir, Parbhani and Nanded and a portion of Bidar which is predominantly Marathi speaking area was transferred to Maharashtra State. These changes were effected on 1st November, 1956.

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Administrative set-up

(a) Region of the State where the district is located:

The district is located at North-Western part of the State. It is bounded in the North and East by Yeotmal & Chanda districts and West by Nanded district of Maharastra State, South by Nizamabad and Karimnagar districts of Andhra Pradesh State.

(b) Number of Revenue Divisions and Mandals:

In 1985, the then existing 11 Taluks were reorganized into 52 Mandals. Corresponding to the revenue Mandals, Mandal Parishads were also formed, which were co-terminus with the revenue Mandals, except statutory towns which were not included in the jurisdiction of the Mandal Parishads.

The district has 52 Mandals organized into five revenue divisions which are as follows:

1. Adilabad Division: (10 Mandals) Adilabad, Talamadugu, Tamsi, Jainad, Bela, Boath, Bazarhathnoor, Ichoda, Gudihathnoor and Neradigonda.

2. Utnoor Division: (8 Mandals) Utnoor, Inderavelly, Narnoor, Jainoor, Sirpur(U), Tiryani, Kerameri and Wankdi.

3. Nirmal Division: (13 Mandals) Lokeswaram, Kuntala, Sarangapur, Nirmal, Dilawarpur, Mamda, Laxmanchanda, Kubeer, Bhainsa, Mudhole, Tanoor, Khanapur and Kaddam (Peddur)

4. Mancherial Division: (12 Mandals) Jannaram, Dandepalle, Luxettipet, Mancherial, Mandamarri, Kasipet, Chennur, Kotapalle, Vemanpalle, Nennal, Jaipur and Bellampalle.

5. Asifabad Division: (9 Mandals) Asifabad, Rebbana, Tandur, Sirpur (T), Kouthala, Bejjur, Dahegaon, Bhimini and Kagaznagar.

(c) Total number of Villages/Towns:

There were 1,748 villages in 1991 Census, out of which 19 villages were fully included in urban areas, while 1,729 villages were in rural areas. The villages fully included in towns or formed as OG’s to towns were not included in the list of villages, while allotting permanent location code numbers in 2001 Census. The number of villages in the district was 1,729. Though, there was no change in number of rural villages between 1991 Census and 2001 Census, some changes were taken place after 1991 Census. Due to de-classification of two Census towns, Luxettipet and Sirpur of 1991 Census as rural areas and new formation of one village Pipri in Mudhole Mandal and three villages Kanjar, Polapalle (K) and Polapalle (B) in Laxmanchanda Mandal, six villages were increased. At the same time six villages’ viz: Dasnapur in Adilabad Mandal, Madaram in Tandur Mandal and Teegalpahad, Naspur, Thallapalle and Singapur of Mancherial have become urban areas. Hence, these six villages were deleted from the list of revenue villages in 2001 Census. There were 15 towns (7 statutory & 8 Census Towns) during 2001 Census as against 11 towns during 1991 Census. Out of 11 towns of 1991 Census, two Census towns were de-classified and attained rural status due to strict application of criteria for treating a place as town. Six new Census towns were created for 2001 Census. Mandamarri, which was non statutory town was classified as Municipal town. Two urban agglomerations were formed out of seven statutory towns for the first time during 2001 Census.

D. Changes in Administrative Units during 2011 Census:

During 2011 Census, four new villages are added/formed due to split from villages are given below:

a) Kothapalli. (H) village is formed from Bheempur village of Narnoor Mandal.

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b) Jendeguda village is formed from Ashapalle village of Jainoor Mandal.c) Jamgaom village is formed from Ushagoon village of Jainoor Mandal, andd) Patha Kommugudem village is formed from Dowdepalle village of Luxettipet Mandal.

In addition to the above, Madaram CT is de-classified as Madaram village, while Seetaramapalle village is classified as fully outgrowth to Mancherial U.A. In urban part; eight new Census towns have emerged from eight villages namely; Jainoor, Utnoor, Ichoda, Thimmapur, Devapur, Kasipet, Luxettipet, and Chennur CTS. Three Urban agglomerations are: (1) Adilabad U.A with Adilabad (M) and Dasanapur (CT), (2) Mandamarri U.A (new) with Mandamarri (M) and Kyathampalle (CT), (3) Mancherial U.A with Mancherial (M), Teegalpahad (CT), Naspur (CT), Thallapalle (CT), Singapur (CT) and Seetharampalle (fully O.G).

However, there are 1,725 villages in 2011 Census out of which (135 uninhabited and 1,590 habited), 52 Mandals (rural), five revenue divisions, 22 Towns (7 statutory towns as Municipalities and 15 Census towns) and three Urban Agglomerations.

Statement showing Urban Agglomerations along with its Constituent Units Sl. No. Name of U.A Constituent Units

1 Adilabad Adilabad (M), Dasnapur (CT) 2 Mandamarri (New) Mandamarri (M), Kythampalle (CT)

3 Mancherial Mancherial(M), Teegalpahad (CT), Naspur (CT), Singapur (CT), Thallapalle (New CT) and Seetharampale (New OG fully)

Statement showing Administrative units at various Censuses – Adilabad

Sl. No. Administrative Unit Census Years

1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 1 Revenue Divisions 3 3 3 5 5 5 2 Mandals (Sub-districts / Taluks) 10 (T) 10 (T) 11 (T) 52 52 52

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Villages 1721 1709 1716 1729 1729 1725 a. Inhabited villages 1543 1556 1559 1581 1586 1590 b. Un-inhabited villages 178 153 157 148 143 135 c. Villages fully included in towns 14 11 15 19 23 1 d. Villages partly included in towns - - 4 6 7 -

4 Towns 10 11 12 11 15 22

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Statutory towns 7 6 6 6 7 7 a. Municipal Corporations - - - - - - b. Municipalities 7* 6 6 6 6 7 c. Nagar Panchayats - - - - 1 -

6 Census towns 3 5 6 5 8 15 7 Urban Agglomerations - - - - 2 3

*In 1961 Census, Municipalities were divided into C.M (City Municipalities) and T.M (TownMunicipalities).

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District Highlights - 2011 Census Adilabad district stands 5th position in terms of area with 16,105 Sq. Kms and

ranks 20th in terms of population with 27,41,239 persons in the state.

Adilabad district stands 10th in terms of urban area with 353.70 Sq. Kms and ranks 15th in terms of urban population with 7,60,259 persons in the state while it stands 6th in terms of rural area with 15,751.30 Sq. Kms and ranks 18th in terms of rural population with 19,80,980 persons in the state.

The district ranks 21st in terms of households with 6,49,849 as against 5,24,649 households in 2001.

The district ranks 3rd in terms of total number of villages with 1,725 as against 1,729 in 2001.

The district ranks 10th position in the state in terms of Sex-ratio with 1,001 as against 989 in 2001.

The district ranks 23rd in terms of Density with 170 persons per Sq. Kms as against 154 in 2001.

The district ranks 21st in terms of literacy with 14,83,347 literates as against 1,112,189 in 2001.

The district is with 13,23,667 workers and 14,17,572 non-workers as against 11,23,248 workers and 13,64,755 non-workers in 2001

Mandal [Sub-District]:

Bejjur Mandal is having the largest area of 608.75 Sq. Kms, while Laxmanchanda

Mandal is having the least area of 143.76 Sq. Kms.

Mancherial Mandal is having the largest Urban area of 89.06 Sq. Kms, while Jainoor Mandal is having the least Urban area of 2.5 Sq. Kms.

Bejjur Mandal is having the largest Rural area of 608.75 Sq. Kms, while Mandamarri Mandal is having the least Rural area of 121.86 Sq. Kms

Adilabad Mandal is having the highest population of 1,98,338 persons, while the

least population is found in Vempalle Mandal 19,532.

Highest Urban Population of Mancherial is 1,63,552 persons and least Urban Population of 6,342 in Jainoor Mandal.

Highest Rural Population of 58,955 persons in Adilabad Mandal and least Rural Population of 15,372 in Mandamarri Mandal.

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Highest Sex-ratio of 1,129 is found in Sarangapur Mandal and the least Sex-ratiois found in Narnoor Mandal is 909.

Nirmal Mandal is having highest Density of 668, while Tiryani Mandal is havingthe least Density of 65 persons per Sq. Km.

Highest No. of 1,28,332 literates are in Adilabad Mandal and least No. of 8,270literates are found in Vemanpalle Mandal.

Adilabad Mandal is having highest No. of workers 79,899 and highest non-workers 1,27,309 found in Mancherial Mandal while Vempalle Mandal is havingthe least No. of workers 11,827 and non-workers 7,705 respectively.

Village:

Waipet village of Indravelly Mandal is having the largest area of 7,808 hectareswhile Ramraopeta Village of Bhimini Mandal is having the least area of 18hectares.

Mudhole Village of Mudhole Mandal is having the highest No. of households2,825, highest Population 12,823 is found in Nazrulnagar village in KagaznagarMandal and highest 0-6 years Population 1,669 is in Mudhole village of MudholeMandal, while the least No. of households 1 least Population 1 are found inRenukapur village of Mudhole Mandal. Nil 0-6 years population is in Jewni villageof Tiryani Mandal, Babuldhole village of Ichoda Mandal ,Kamlapur ,Nagnaipetvillages of Nirmal Mandal and Renukapur village of Mudhole Mandal.

Highest Sex-ratio of 4,093 is found in Old Pochampad Village of Nirmal Mandaland least Sex-ratio of 0 is found in Renukapur Village of Mudhole Mandal.

Highest No. of 8,810 Literates are found in Nazrulnagar Village of KagaznagarMandal and least No. of Literates (0) are found in Kamalapur village of NirmalMandal and in Danaboina peta village of Asifabad Mandal. Highest No. of 6,118Illiterates are found in Mudhole Village of Mudhole Mandal and least No. ZeroIlliterates are found in Renukapur Village of Mudhole Mandal .

Mudhole Village of Mudhole Mandal is having the highest workers of 5,819 andRenukapur Village of Mudhole Mandal is having the least workers of 0 whileNazrulnagar Village of Kagaznagar Mandal tops with 8,309 Non-workers andNagnaipet Village and Kamalapur village of Nirmal Mandal have the least No. ofNon-Workers of Zero persons respectively.

Number of Villages Total 27,800 1,725 Inhabited 26,286 1,590 Uninhabited 1,514 135

Number of Towns Statutory 125 7 Census 228 15 Total 353 22

Number of Households Normal 2,09,27,188 6,46,703 Institutional 52,588 1,777 Houseless 42,812 1,369

Population Total Persons 8,45,80,777 27,41,239 Males 4,24,42,146 13,69,597 Females 4,21,38,631 13,71,642

Rural Persons 5,63,61,702 19,80,980 Males 2,82,43,241 9,85,303 Females 2,81,18,461 9,95,677

Urban Persons 2,82,19,075 7,60,259 Males 1,41,98,905 3,84,294 Females 1,40,20,170 3,75,965

Percentage Urban Population 33.36 27.73

Number Percentage Number Percentage

Persons 83,70,770 10.98 2,53,236 10.18

Males 39,14,733 10.16 1,18,639 9.48

Females 44,56,037 11.83 1,34,597 10.88

Area (in sq Km.) 275045 16105.00

308 170

Sex Ratio Total 993 1,001 (Number of females per 1000 males) Rural 996 1,011

Urban 987 978

District

Important Statistics

Decadal Population Growth 2001-2011

Density of Population (Persons per sq Km.)

State

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Important Statistics

Number Percentage Number Percentage

Literates Persons 5,05,56,760 67.02 14,83,347 61.01Males 2,82,51,243 74.88 8,56,350 70.81Females 2,23,05,517 59.15 6,26,997 51.31

Scheduled Castes Persons 1,38,78,078 16.41 4,88,596 17.82Males 69,13,047 16.29 2,42,844 17.73Females 69,65,031 16.53 2,45,752 17.92

Scheduled Tribes Persons 59,18,073 7 4,95,794 18.09Males 29,69,362 7 2,47,472 18.07Females 29,48,711 7 2,48,322 18.10

Workers and Non-WorkersPersons 3,94,22,906 46.61 13,23,667 48.29Males 2,41,85,595 56.98 7,48,939 54.68Females 1,52,37,311 36.16 5,74,728 41.90

(i) Main Workers Persons 3,30,37,378 39.06 10,66,460 38.90Males 2,14,60,081 50.56 6,39,313 46.68Females 1,15,77,297 27.47 4,27,147 31.14

(ii) Marginal Workers Persons 63,85,528 7.55 2,57,207 9.38Males 27,25,514 6.42 1,09,626 8.00Females 36,60,014 8.69 1,47,581 10.76

Non-Workers Persons 4,51,57,871 53.39 14,17,572 51.71Males 1,82,56,551 43.02 6,20,658 45.32Females 2,69,01,320 63.84 7,96,914 58.10

(i) Cultivators Persons 64,91,522 16.47 3,63,737 27.48Males 43,57,304 18.02 2,30,952 30.84Females 21,34,218 14.01 1,32,785 23.10

(ii)Agricultural Labourers Persons 1,69,67,754 43.04 4,84,912 36.63Males 81,30,022 33.62 2,12,358 28.35Females 88,37,732 58 2,72,554 47.42

Persons 14,39,137 3.65 84,661 6.40Males 6,43,092 2.66 20,087 2.68Females 7,96,045 5.22 64,574 11.24

(iv) Other Workers Persons 1,45,24,493 36.84 3,90,357 29.49Males 1,10,55,177 45.71 2,85,542 38.13Females 34,69,316 22.77 1,04,815 18.24

Total Workers (Main and Marginal)

Category of Workers (Main & Marginal)

(iii)Workers in household industry

State District

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Section - I

Primary Census Abstract (PCA)

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Brief Note on Primary Census Abstract

Introduction: The Indian Census has the reputation of being one of the best in the world. The first Census in India was conducted in the year 1872. This was conducted at different points of time in different parts of the country. In 1881 a Census was taken for the entire country simultaneously. Since then, Census has been conducted every ten years, without a break. Thus, the Census of India 2011 was the fifteenth in this unbroken series since 1872, the seventh after independence and the second census of the third millennium and twenty first century. The census has been uninterruptedly continued despite of several adversities like wars, epidemics, natural calamities, political unrest, etc.

The Census of India is conducted under the provisions of the Census Act 1948 and the Census Rules, 1990. In Censuses until 1931, a synchronous de-facto method was adopted wherein the Census was conducted throughout the country on a single night. This being a very costly affair and involved the deployment of very large force at one point of time was given up in 1941. Since then the same methodology has been followed in all the Censuses. It is a gigantic operation and considered to be the single largest, complex, peace time administrative exercise in the world.

The Census Operation in India is carried out in two distinct but inter connected phases - the House listing and Housing Census followed by the Population Enumeration. During the first phase of Census 2011 i.e., House listing and Housing Census, the buildings, census houses and households were identified and systematically listed in the House Listing and Housing Census Schedule during the period April to September, 2010 in different States/Union Territories. Apart from listing of houses, some useful data on the amenities available to the households was also collected for assessing condition of human settlements, housing deficits etc.

Censuses prior to Census 2001 had the system of collecting the information through Individual Slip which was a key schedule for every individual. The information collected through slip was then compiled for a household. Some information was also collected in addition to this for the household. During 2001 Census a comprehensive Household Schedule was adopted replacing the individual slip concept. In 2011 Census also similar household schedule was used for canvassing. The scope of demographic, socio-economic parameters has been widened in every census.

2. Population Enumeration - Census 2011:

The field work of the second phase i.e. Population Enumeration was carried out during February-March, 2011. One of the essential features of Population Enumeration in the second phase was that each person was enumerated and her/his individual particulars were collected at a well-defined point of time.

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The Census moment and the reference date for the Census of India 2011 was 00:00 hours of 1st March, 2011. The enumeration was conducted from 9th February to 28th February, 2011 along with a revisional round from 1st March, 2011 to 5th March, 2011 synchronously all over the country except for few specific areas of the Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand states that remain snowbound in February. In these locations the population enumeration was done from 11th September, 2010 to 30th September, 2010 along with a revisional round from 1st October, 2010 to 5th October, 2010. The reference date for the census in snow bound non-synchronous areas of these states was 00.00 hours of the first day of October, 2010. In addition to the coverage during House listing & Housing Census, the enumeration of the Houseless population was carried out on the night of 28th February, 2011, as has been the usual practice. For the purpose of Census, certain areas where the access of the civilian enumerators was not permissible due to security reasons termed as ‘Special Charges’ such as the Defence and strictly Military/Para-Military areas, including operational areas were also covered. Such areas were not covered during the House listing & Housing Census. In addition to the defence/para-military areas, Special Charges also included certain factory areas, certain colonies, sensitive areas, scientific establishments, etc. These also formed Special Charges as these were not accessible by the usual census enumerator.

3. Quality Assurance:

A Task Force for Quality Assurance (TFQA) functioned under the chairmanship of the RG & CCI. Experienced officers of the different divisions of the organization i.e. Heads and senior officers of the Census Division, Data Processing Division, Map Division, Demography Division and Social Studies Division comprised the TFQA. The Directors of Census Operations were co-opted as members whenever the TFQA discussed the data for their States/Union territories. The main objective of constituting the TFQA was to subject the data to stringent validation checks and ensure its quality before release as it was expedient to be satisfied itself about the quality of data before putting the same in public domain.

The Directors and their senior officers were involved at all levels with respect to the quality and the coverage of their states/Uts. The TFQA intensively scrutinized coverage and content parameters including edit and imputation logic. The most important aspect of the data quality was to ensure complete coverage of all geographical areas especially for the population enumeration phase where the data is disseminated right up to the village level in the rural areas and the ward level in the urban areas. Thus ensuring the complete coverage and correct geographical linkage of each enumeration block was one of the major planks of the quality control, especially for small area population statistics. The content was scrutinized mainly through the process of internal consistency, comparison with similar data in the past and also through validation with likewise data if available, from external sources. Quite often the local knowledge and perception was looked at to understand both the existing and the new emerging trends of

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population distribution and characteristics. A very comprehensive check and edit mechanism was put in place to objectively examine the preliminary Census 2011 Population Enumeration results and finally clear them for use. The population data was cleared only after the full possible satisfaction of the TFQA.

The entire work relating to the data validation and scrutiny was completed by all the States/Union territories under the overall supervision and monitoring of the Census Division of the Office of the Registrar General, India with active cooperation and support of the Social Studies Division, Data Processing Division, Data Dissemination Division and Map Division.

4. Primary Census Abstract:

The Primary Census Abstract which is important publication of 2011 Census gives basic information on Area, Total Number of Households, Total Population, Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes Population, Population in the age group 0-6, Literates, Main Workers and Marginal Workers classified by the four broad industrial categories, namely, (i) Cultivators, (ii) Agricultural Labourers, (iii) Household Industry Workers, and (iv) Other Workers and also Non-Workers. The characteristics of the Total Population include Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, Institutional and Houseless Population and are presented by sex and rural-urban residence.

In 1981 census main workers were presented into four categories. As regards 1991 Census, the nine-fold industrial classification of main workers has been given in the Primary Census Abstract. One of the important features of the Primary Census Abstract of 1991 Census was the presentation of population of the age group 0-6 which is continued in 2001 and 2011 Census. All the children of age 6 years or less have been treated as illiterate even if the child is going to a school and may have picked up reading and writing. This will help the data users in better analysis and understanding of the literacy data as the literacy rate is calculated with 7 years and above population and it is referred as effective literacy rate. In 2001 and 2011 census four categories of main workers have been given in the Primary Census Abstract.

5. Level of Presentation of PCA data in District Census Handbooks:

The format of Primary Census Abstract (PCA) adopted in the DCHB of 2001 Census has been continued for 2011 Census as the data on four categories of works have been presented similar to 2001 census. The Primary Census Abstract data in different PCAs are presented at different levels. The level of presentation of Primary Census Abstracts in DCHB is as under:

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1. District Primary Census Abstract -District/C.D. Block/Town. 2. Primary Census Abstract for Scheduled Castes- District/C.D. Block/Town. 3. Primary Census Abstract for Scheduled Tribes -District/C.D. Block/Town. 4. Village Primary Census Abstract -C.D. Block/Village wise. 5. Urban Primary Census Abstract- Town/Ward level.

The PCA Data for villages was presented C.D. Block wise for the first time in

1991 Census. This practice is continued in 2001 and 2011 Census. The term ‘Total Population’ includes the Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled Tribes, the Institutional and the Houseless populations. An appendix to District Primary Census Abstract has also been furnished showing urban enumeration block-wise particulars on Total Population, the Scheduled Castes Population and the Scheduled Tribes Population for each town. 6. Area Figures: The area figures supplied by local revenue authorities of the district in respect of tahsils, Police Stations and by the local bodies in respect of towns are given in square kilometers. The area figures of the villages supplied by the Tahsildars in acres have been converted and shown in hectares. The area figures of the C.D. Block are the total of the village areas coming under each C.D. Block. The area figures for the district are the same as adopted by the Surveyor General of India to maintain uniformity at the national level.

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District Primary Census Abstract

DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK : ADILABAD

DISTRICT PRIMARY

Persons Males Females Persons Males Females1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

532 Adilabad - District Total 16,105.00 6,49,849 27,41,239 13,69,597 13,71,642 3,09,992 1,60,291 1,49,701 Rural 15,751.30 4,73,010 19,80,980 9,85,303 9,95,677 2,34,207 1,20,918 1,13,289 Urban 353.70 1,76,839 7,60,259 3,84,294 3,75,965 75,785 39,373 36,412

0001 Tamsi Total 278.23 9,184 39,631 19,615 20,016 4,347 2,249 2,098 Rural 278.23 9,184 39,631 19,615 20,016 4,347 2,249 2,098 Urban 0.00 - - - - - - -

0002 Adilabad Total 347.26 18,584 81,171 40,606 40,565 9,639 5,130 4,509 Rural 343.04 13,581 58,955 29,292 29,663 7,235 3,886 3,349 Urban 4.22 5,003 22,216 11,314 10,902 2,404 1,244 1,160

569017 Dasnapur (CT) Urban 4.22 5,003 22,216 11,314 10,902 2,404 1,244 1,160 0003 Jainad Total 283.13 11,374 47,904 23,797 24,107 4,975 2,593 2,382

Rural 283.13 11,374 47,904 23,797 24,107 4,975 2,593 2,382 Urban 0.00 - - - - - - -

0004 Bela Total 254.51 8,559 38,318 19,942 18,376 4,058 2,161 1,897 Rural 254.51 8,559 38,318 19,942 18,376 4,058 2,161 1,897 Urban 0.00 - - - - - - -

0005 Talamadugu Total 281.33 8,161 34,632 17,227 17,405 3,345 1,688 1,657 Rural 281.33 8,161 34,632 17,227 17,405 3,345 1,688 1,657 Urban 0.00 - - - - - - -

0006 Gudihathnoor Total 145.16 6,545 30,339 15,185 15,154 4,072 2,061 2,011 Rural 145.16 6,545 30,339 15,185 15,154 4,072 2,061 2,011 Urban 0.00 - - - - - - -

0007 Inderavelly Total 306.50 9,879 47,506 23,592 23,914 7,128 3,666 3,462 Rural 306.50 9,879 47,506 23,592 23,914 7,128 3,666 3,462 Urban 0.00 - - - - - - -

0008 Narnoor Total 424.56 9,957 49,239 25,789 23,450 6,662 3,457 3,205 Rural 424.56 9,957 49,239 25,789 23,450 6,662 3,457 3,205 Urban 0.00 - - - - - - -

0009 Kerameri Total 231.03 6,664 30,724 15,466 15,258 4,688 2,376 2,312 Rural 231.03 6,664 30,724 15,466 15,258 4,688 2,376 2,312 Urban 0.00 - - - - - - -

0010 Wankdi Total 268.49 7,823 35,523 17,724 17,799 4,737 2,377 2,360 Rural 268.49 7,823 35,523 17,724 17,799 4,737 2,377 2,360 Urban 0.00 - - - - - - -

0011 Sirpur (T) Total 317.17 7,602 31,130 15,607 15,523 3,804 1,952 1,852 Rural 317.17 7,602 31,130 15,607 15,523 3,804 1,952 1,852 Urban 0.00 - - - - - - -

0012 Kouthala Total 272.10 11,976 50,938 25,638 25,300 6,133 3,200 2,933 Rural 272.10 11,976 50,938 25,638 25,300 6,133 3,200 2,933 Urban 0.00 - - - - - - -

0013 Bejjur Total 608.75 11,767 49,284 24,330 24,954 6,526 3,328 3,198 Rural 608.75 11,767 49,284 24,330 24,954 6,526 3,328 3,198 Urban 0.00 - - - - - - -

0014 Kagaznagar Total 407.84 12,652 52,495 26,519 25,976 6,641 3,471 3,170 Rural 407.84 12,652 52,495 26,519 25,976 6,641 3,471 3,170 Urban 0.00 - - - - - - -

0015 Asifabad Total 332.66 13,411 58,511 29,374 29,137 7,424 3,850 3,574 Rural 315.96 8,477 35,452 17,827 17,625 4,977 2,604 2,373 Urban 16.70 4,934 23,059 11,547 11,512 2,447 1,246 1,201

569539 Asifabad (CT) Urban 16.70 4,934 23,059 11,547 11,512 2,447 1,246 1,201 0016 Jainoor Total 224.65 6,283 31,453 15,584 15,869 5,194 2,715 2,479

Rural 222.09 5,010 25,111 12,550 12,561 4,157 2,196 1,961 Urban 2.56 1,273 6,342 3,034 3,308 1,037 519 518

569557 Jainoor (CT) Urban 2.56 1,273 6,342 3,034 3,308 1,037 519 518 0017 Utnoor Total 312.64 13,486 63,465 32,358 31,107 8,834 4,563 4,271

Rural 298.99 10,211 47,460 24,510 22,950 7,100 3,629 3,471 Urban 13.65 3,275 16,005 7,848 8,157 1,734 934 800

569596 Utnur (CT) Urban 13.65 3,275 16,005 7,848 8,157 1,734 934 800 0018 Ichoda Total 262.32 11,373 52,840 26,265 26,575 8,090 4,164 3,926

Rural 253.54 8,693 40,482 20,062 20,420 6,397 3,297 3,100 Urban 8.78 2,680 12,358 6,203 6,155 1,693 867 826

Location code

numberDistrict/ CD Block/

Town

Total/ Rural/ Urban

Area in Square

KilometreNumber of households

Total population (including institutional and houseless population) Population in the age-group 0-6

26

PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT

CENSUS ABSTRACT

Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 3 2

4,88,596 2,42,844 2,45,752 4,95,794 2,47,472 2,48,322 14,83,347 8,56,350 6,26,997 Total Adilabad - District3,68,490 1,82,451 1,86,039 4,63,089 2,31,551 2,31,538 9,65,707 5,69,033 3,96,674 Rural1,20,106 60,393 59,713 32,705 15,921 16,784 5,17,640 2,87,317 2,30,323 Urban

6,402 3,108 3,294 11,658 5,833 5,825 19,988 11,638 8,350 Total Tamsi6,402 3,108 3,294 11,658 5,833 5,825 19,988 11,638 8,350 Rural

- - - - - - - - - Urban13,126 6,542 6,584 19,199 9,432 9,767 46,305 26,277 20,028 Total Adilabad9,399 4,691 4,708 17,671 8,657 9,014 30,391 17,415 12,976 Rural3,727 1,851 1,876 1,528 775 753 15,914 8,862 7,052 Urban3,727 1,851 1,876 1,528 775 753 15,914 8,862 7,052 Urban Dasnapur (CT)7,128 3,540 3,588 5,817 2,934 2,883 25,105 14,805 10,300 Total Jainad7,128 3,540 3,588 5,817 2,934 2,883 25,105 14,805 10,300 Rural

- - - - - - - - - Urban1,930 1,010 920 13,767 7,070 6,697 21,371 12,759 8,612 Total Bela1,930 1,010 920 13,767 7,070 6,697 21,371 12,759 8,612 Rural

- - - - - - - - - Urban6,812 3,344 3,468 9,281 4,638 4,643 18,376 10,809 7,567 Total Talamadugu6,812 3,344 3,468 9,281 4,638 4,643 18,376 10,809 7,567 Rural

- - - - - - - - - Urban5,207 2,607 2,600 11,140 5,492 5,648 16,407 9,613 6,794 Total Gudihathnoor5,207 2,607 2,600 11,140 5,492 5,648 16,407 9,613 6,794 Rural

- - - - - - - - - Urban5,625 2,768 2,857 27,196 13,488 13,708 23,914 14,044 9,870 Total Inderavelly5,625 2,768 2,857 27,196 13,488 13,708 23,914 14,044 9,870 Rural

- - - - - - - - - Urban8,192 4,185 4,007 33,060 17,265 15,795 23,300 14,418 8,882 Total Narnoor8,192 4,185 4,007 33,060 17,265 15,795 23,300 14,418 8,882 Rural

- - - - - - - - - Urban3,457 1,786 1,671 13,793 6,838 6,955 13,123 7,890 5,233 Total Kerameri 3,457 1,786 1,671 13,793 6,838 6,955 13,123 7,890 5,233 Rural

- - - - - - - - - Urban3,331 1,677 1,654 10,898 5,406 5,492 14,988 8,911 6,077 Total Wankdi3,331 1,677 1,654 10,898 5,406 5,492 14,988 8,911 6,077 Rural

- - - - - - - - - Urban5,916 3,007 2,909 3,037 1,492 1,545 14,803 8,682 6,121 Total Sirpur (T)5,916 3,007 2,909 3,037 1,492 1,545 14,803 8,682 6,121 Rural

- - - - - - - - - Urban12,303 6,197 6,106 7,019 3,578 3,441 22,488 13,407 9,081 Total Kouthala12,303 6,197 6,106 7,019 3,578 3,441 22,488 13,407 9,081 Rural

- - - - - - - - - Urban10,011 4,910 5,101 14,318 7,011 7,307 19,592 11,638 7,954 Total Bejjur10,011 4,910 5,101 14,318 7,011 7,307 19,592 11,638 7,954 Rural

- - - - - - - - - Urban7,909 3,968 3,941 3,924 1,918 2,006 26,975 15,704 11,271 Total Kagaznagar7,909 3,968 3,941 3,924 1,918 2,006 26,975 15,704 11,271 Rural

- - - - - - - - - Urban8,530 4,435 4,095 11,524 5,456 6,068 30,036 17,190 12,846 Total Asifabad 4,947 2,488 2,459 9,101 4,517 4,584 14,112 8,488 5,624 Rural3,583 1,947 1,636 2,423 939 1,484 15,924 8,702 7,222 Urban3,583 1,947 1,636 2,423 939 1,484 15,924 8,702 7,222 Urban Asifabad (CT)2,731 1,412 1,319 18,730 9,098 9,632 16,533 9,420 7,113 Total Jainoor2,043 1,053 990 17,193 8,499 8,694 12,685 7,404 5,281 Rural

688 359 329 1,537 599 938 3,848 2,016 1,832 Urban688 359 329 1,537 599 938 3,848 2,016 1,832 Urban Jainoor (CT)

9,213 4,603 4,610 32,988 16,970 16,018 34,839 20,458 14,381 Total Utnoor6,983 3,571 3,412 27,735 14,463 13,272 23,866 14,659 9,207 Rural2,230 1,032 1,198 5,253 2,507 2,746 10,973 5,799 5,174 Urban2,230 1,032 1,198 5,253 2,507 2,746 10,973 5,799 5,174 Urban Utnur (CT)8,087 3,956 4,131 13,814 6,768 7,046 27,272 16,015 11,257 Total Ichoda5,745 2,818 2,927 11,521 5,637 5,884 19,551 11,716 7,835 Rural2,342 1,138 1,204 2,293 1,131 1,162 7,721 4,299 3,422 Urban

Scheduled Castes population Scheduled Tribes population LiteratesTotal/ Rural/ Urban

District/ CD Block/ Town

27

DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK : ADILABAD

DISTRICT PRIMARY

Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females1 2 3 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29

532 Adilabad - District Total 13,23,667 7,48,939 5,74,728 10,66,460 6,39,313 4,27,147 3,43,500 2,20,624 1,22,876 Rural 10,59,249 5,55,137 5,04,112 8,48,114 4,70,886 3,77,228 3,38,823 2,17,051 1,21,772 Urban 2,64,418 1,93,802 70,616 2,18,346 1,68,427 49,919 4,677 3,573 1,104

0001 Tamsi Total 22,826 11,772 11,054 19,961 10,563 9,398 9,460 5,455 4,005 Rural 22,826 11,772 11,054 19,961 10,563 9,398 9,460 5,455 4,005 Urban - - - - - - - - -

0002 Adilabad Total 38,735 22,527 16,208 31,858 19,502 12,356 8,885 5,283 3,602 Rural 31,074 16,787 14,287 25,383 14,456 10,927 8,820 5,227 3,593 Urban 7,661 5,740 1,921 6,475 5,046 1,429 65 56 9

569017 Dasnapur (CT) Urban 7,661 5,740 1,921 6,475 5,046 1,429 65 56 9 0003 Jainad Total 27,695 14,561 13,134 24,538 13,278 11,260 10,769 6,316 4,453

Rural 27,695 14,561 13,134 24,538 13,278 11,260 10,769 6,316 4,453 Urban - - - - - - - - -

0004 Bela Total 21,302 11,560 9,742 17,952 10,218 7,734 9,229 5,638 3,591 Rural 21,302 11,560 9,742 17,952 10,218 7,734 9,229 5,638 3,591 Urban - - - - - - - - -

0005 Talamadugu Total 19,491 10,090 9,401 17,989 9,435 8,554 7,104 4,150 2,954 Rural 19,491 10,090 9,401 17,989 9,435 8,554 7,104 4,150 2,954 Urban - - - - - - - - -

0006 Gudihathnoor Total 15,180 8,259 6,921 11,617 6,950 4,667 5,254 3,300 1,954 Rural 15,180 8,259 6,921 11,617 6,950 4,667 5,254 3,300 1,954 Urban - - - - - - - - -

0007 Inderavelly Total 25,174 12,948 12,226 20,676 11,025 9,651 12,248 6,577 5,671 Rural 25,174 12,948 12,226 20,676 11,025 9,651 12,248 6,577 5,671 Urban - - - - - - - - -

0008 Narnoor Total 25,067 13,164 11,903 19,171 10,916 8,255 11,160 6,901 4,259 Rural 25,067 13,164 11,903 19,171 10,916 8,255 11,160 6,901 4,259 Urban - - - - - - - - -

0009 Kerameri Total 16,297 8,394 7,903 12,963 7,196 5,767 7,592 4,776 2,816 Rural 16,297 8,394 7,903 12,963 7,196 5,767 7,592 4,776 2,816 Urban - - - - - - - - -

0010 Wankdi Total 18,612 9,929 8,683 11,552 7,928 3,624 6,785 5,331 1,454 Rural 18,612 9,929 8,683 11,552 7,928 3,624 6,785 5,331 1,454 Urban - - - - - - - - -

0011 Sirpur (T) Total 15,122 8,625 6,497 9,252 6,265 2,987 4,508 3,315 1,193 Rural 15,122 8,625 6,497 9,252 6,265 2,987 4,508 3,315 1,193 Urban - - - - - - - - -

0012 Kouthala Total 28,019 14,752 13,267 21,819 12,831 8,988 10,850 7,483 3,367 Rural 28,019 14,752 13,267 21,819 12,831 8,988 10,850 7,483 3,367 Urban - - - - - - - - -

0013 Bejjur Total 28,927 14,508 14,419 13,255 8,037 5,218 7,306 5,298 2,008 Rural 28,927 14,508 14,419 13,255 8,037 5,218 7,306 5,298 2,008 Urban - - - - - - - - -

0014 Kagaznagar Total 23,597 14,889 8,708 17,134 12,060 5,074 6,431 5,330 1,101 Rural 23,597 14,889 8,708 17,134 12,060 5,074 6,431 5,330 1,101 Urban - - - - - - - - -

0015 Asifabad Total 26,895 16,066 10,829 22,427 14,413 8,014 7,287 5,275 2,012 Rural 19,860 10,606 9,254 16,392 9,501 6,891 7,037 5,060 1,977 Urban 7,035 5,460 1,575 6,035 4,912 1,123 250 215 35

569539 Asifabad (CT) Urban 7,035 5,460 1,575 6,035 4,912 1,123 250 215 35 0016 Jainoor Total 15,457 7,996 7,461 13,093 7,144 5,949 7,446 4,323 3,123

Rural 12,729 6,417 6,312 11,187 5,885 5,302 7,206 4,175 3,031 Urban 2,728 1,579 1,149 1,906 1,259 647 240 148 92

569557 Jainoor (CT) Urban 2,728 1,579 1,149 1,906 1,259 647 240 148 92 0017 Utnoor Total 29,272 15,791 13,481 23,904 13,531 10,373 11,042 6,504 4,538

Rural 23,689 12,361 11,328 19,359 10,517 8,842 10,528 6,165 4,363 Urban 5,583 3,430 2,153 4,545 3,014 1,531 514 339 175

569596 Utnur (CT) Urban 5,583 3,430 2,153 4,545 3,014 1,531 514 339 175 0018 Ichoda Total 27,014 14,347 12,667 23,884 12,996 10,888 11,792 6,489 5,303

Rural 21,952 11,063 10,889 19,620 10,081 9,539 11,570 6,343 5,227 Urban 5,062 3,284 1,778 4,264 2,915 1,349 222 146 76

Location code

numberDistrict/ CD Block/

Town

Total/ Rural/ Urban

Total workers Main workers

Industrial category

Cultivators

28

PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT

CENSUS ABSTRACT

Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 3 2

3,32,524 1,56,351 1,76,173 69,416 16,085 53,331 3,21,020 2,46,253 74,767 Total Adilabad - District3,14,964 1,46,479 1,68,485 56,225 10,953 45,272 1,38,102 96,403 41,699 Rural

17,560 9,872 7,688 13,191 5,132 8,059 1,82,918 1,49,850 33,068 Urban8,054 3,463 4,591 296 191 105 2,151 1,454 697 Total Tamsi8,054 3,463 4,591 296 191 105 2,151 1,454 697 Rural

- - - - - - - - - Urban10,010 4,305 5,705 768 476 292 12,195 9,438 2,757 Total Adilabad9,825 4,198 5,627 458 247 211 6,280 4,784 1,496 Rural

185 107 78 310 229 81 5,915 4,654 1,261 Urban185 107 78 310 229 81 5,915 4,654 1,261 Urban Dasnapur (CT)

10,837 4,802 6,035 349 217 132 2,583 1,943 640 Total Jainad10,837 4,802 6,035 349 217 132 2,583 1,943 640 Rural

- - - - - - - - - Urban6,533 3,019 3,514 283 136 147 1,907 1,425 482 Total Bela6,533 3,019 3,514 283 136 147 1,907 1,425 482 Rural

- - - - - - - - - Urban8,729 3,679 5,050 268 153 115 1,888 1,453 435 Total Talamadugu8,729 3,679 5,050 268 153 115 1,888 1,453 435 Rural

- - - - - - - - - Urban3,858 1,969 1,889 528 160 368 1,977 1,521 456 Total Gudihathnoor3,858 1,969 1,889 528 160 368 1,977 1,521 456 Rural

- - - - - - - - - Urban5,867 2,583 3,284 242 134 108 2,319 1,731 588 Total Inderavelly5,867 2,583 3,284 242 134 108 2,319 1,731 588 Rural

- - - - - - - - - Urban5,343 2,325 3,018 487 204 283 2,181 1,486 695 Total Narnoor5,343 2,325 3,018 487 204 283 2,181 1,486 695 Rural

- - - - - - - - - Urban3,682 1,452 2,230 448 92 356 1,241 876 365 Total Kerameri 3,682 1,452 2,230 448 92 356 1,241 876 365 Rural

- - - - - - - - - Urban3,000 1,260 1,740 144 99 45 1,623 1,238 385 Total Wankdi3,000 1,260 1,740 144 99 45 1,623 1,238 385 Rural

- - - - - - - - - Urban2,619 1,393 1,226 328 129 199 1,797 1,428 369 Total Sirpur (T)2,619 1,393 1,226 328 129 199 1,797 1,428 369 Rural

- - - - - - - - - Urban8,072 3,584 4,488 656 253 403 2,241 1,511 730 Total Kouthala8,072 3,584 4,488 656 253 403 2,241 1,511 730 Rural

- - - - - - - - - Urban4,102 1,593 2,509 389 200 189 1,458 946 512 Total Bejjur4,102 1,593 2,509 389 200 189 1,458 946 512 Rural

- - - - - - - - - Urban5,808 2,726 3,082 285 214 71 4,610 3,790 820 Total Kagaznagar5,808 2,726 3,082 285 214 71 4,610 3,790 820 Rural

- - - - - - - - - Urban7,970 3,198 4,772 209 111 98 6,961 5,829 1,132 Total Asifabad 7,326 2,868 4,458 162 80 82 1,867 1,493 374 Rural

644 330 314 47 31 16 5,094 4,336 758 Urban644 330 314 47 31 16 5,094 4,336 758 Urban Asifabad (CT)

3,439 1,336 2,103 464 219 245 1,744 1,266 478 Total Jainoor3,204 1,212 1,992 149 55 94 628 443 185 Rural

235 124 111 315 164 151 1,116 823 293 Urban235 124 111 315 164 151 1,116 823 293 Urban Jainoor (CT)

7,017 2,963 4,054 605 262 343 5,240 3,802 1,438 Total Utnoor5,912 2,428 3,484 499 203 296 2,420 1,721 699 Rural1,105 535 570 106 59 47 2,820 2,081 739 Urban1,105 535 570 106 59 47 2,820 2,081 739 Urban Utnur (CT)7,305 3,113 4,192 516 225 291 4,271 3,169 1,102 Total Ichoda6,047 2,517 3,530 321 127 194 1,682 1,094 588 Rural1,258 596 662 195 98 97 2,589 2,075 514 Urban

of main workers

Agricultural labourers Household industry workers Other workers