Anglo American Colonization Essential Questions: What are the characteristics of a leader? View Video about early settlers Moses Austin Plans a Settlement Fortunes Won and Lost While making his living in Missouri by producing lead (bullets), Moses Austin gained a familiarity with Spanish laws and regulations that would help him interact with the Spanish government later on. War of Events leading up to the war had led to a depression, or downturn in the nations economy Demand for lead fell, hurting Austins business, and then a bank that Austin helped create failed. Austin, like many people at the time, suddenly found himself in debt. The Texas Venture Moses Austin knew that other Americans were hurt by the poor economy and would be interested in buying cheap land. He also knew that the Spanish government was interested in populating Texas Moses Austin met with Governor Antonio Martnez and proposed bringing 300 Anglo American families to Texas. The governor rejected Austins plan. Then Austin happened to see the Baron de Bastrop, a man he had once met in New Orleans. Bastrop was a businessperson and a government official in Texas. Austins idea impressed Bastrop, who helped convince the governor to reconsider it. The Texas Venture On his way back to Missouri, Austin became ill. Governor Martnez sent Erasmo Segun, a leading San Antonio businessman, to tell Austin that his request had been approved by the government He became the first man to gain permission from Spain to bring Anglo American settlerswhite, non-Hispanic settlers from the United Statesinto Texas. Before Moses Austin died on June 10, 1821, he dictated a letter to his son, Stephen, urging him to follow through on his dream of a colony in Texas. Erasmo Seguin Successful rancher and Postmaster of Spanish Texas Well-known and respected citizen of San Antonio de Bexar co-author of (1824) Mexican Constitution and San Antonio Mayor Appointed by the governor to help Stephen F. Austin Later he used his political influence to help settlers in Texas The information in the box above best describes the contributions of ? A. Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca B. Father Hidalgo C. Erasmo Seguin D. Robert de LaSalle C Stephen F. Austin Takes Charge Austin Explores Texas Although he felt a reluctance to do s o, Austin decided to carry out his fathers wishes. September 1821 SFA began exploring Texas to find a good site for the colony in the Coastal Plains between the Colorado River and the Brazos River. (rich soil, access to water, and a warm climate) Austin asked Governor Martnez to grant additional land along the coast, which would make it easier to transport settlers and supplies to the colony. A Call for Settlers Austin surveyed, or measured, the land to determine the size and boundaries of his colony and the plots within it. Every free man in the colony would receive 640 acres for himself, 320 acres for his wife, 160 acres for each child, and 80 acres for each enslaved person Colonists with special skills, such as merchants, doctors, mill operators, and ferry operators, could receive additional land. SFAs Expenses and Responsibilities Advertise for new settlers Apply for land titles (legal documents showing ownership) and records Register new grants Travel to meet with government officials Hire surveyors to map the land Settlers paid him 12.5 cents an acre (only one-tenth of what land cost in the United States US land was $1.25/acre) Qualifications to Settle Display good conduct Be Catholics Become citizens of their new country first Spain, and later Mexico Advertising Austin began advertising in Southern newspapers for settlers. Due to the depression in the United States, many people were attracted to the prospect of starting over in Texas. (Cheap land) Arrived by ship, the Lively, and by land routes The purpose of the poster above was to ? A. Encourage colonists to settle in Texas B. Persuade Spanish residents to leave Texas C. Invite Native Texans to resettle into lost lands in Texas D. Raise money to start a colony in New Orleans A Which of the following is not a reason why immigrant groups settled in Texas in the 1800s? A. Mexican law offered protection to free African Americans. B. The possibility of becoming rich in gold mining C. Lands and resources were plentiful D. To escape hardships and problems in their native lands B A Difficult Beginning Mexico won independence from Spain in August 1821 In early 1822, however, Governor Martnez told Austin that the new Mexican government would not respect the colonys land agreements that had been approved by the Spanish. Austin then made the 1,000-mile trip to Mexico City to discuss the matter with the new government. After reaching Mexico City, Austin found the government in a period of change and confusion. Austins Time in Mexico Austin stayed in Mexico City one year, using his time there wisely. Learned the Spanish language Met important leaders Gained a better understanding of Mexican culture finally granted Austin a contract for his colony. Farmers and livestock ranchers could get 4,605 acres per family As an empresarioa land agent who brings new settlers to an areaAustin received some 100,000 acres of land for himself. Trouble in the Colony Drought Lands still needed to be surveyed Settlers had disputes, or disagreements, over land ownership The Karankawa along the coast and the Tonkawa in Central Texas raided settlements, stealing horses and cattle. Austin commanded a militia against the Karankawa in (Texas Rangers) As compared to Spanish settlements, Anglo settlements in Texas A. Included forts and camp grounds B. Were located in East Texas as opposed to West Texas. C. Did not intend to convert Native Texans to Christianity. D. Did not have to follow rules of the Spanish/Mexican government. C 1. Why did Moses Austin want to establish a settlement in Texas? Moses Austin and others lost money in an economic depression. He was looking for a way to regain his fortune and knew others affected by the depression would be interested to move to Texas. 2. Why did Stephen F. Austin end up founding the first Anglo American colony in Texas? Before Moses Austin died, he dictated a letter to his son, Stephen, urging him to follow through on his dream of a colony in Texas. 3. Where in Texas did Stephen F. Austin start his colony? Why was the site chosen? The Coastal Plain between the Colorado River and the Brazos River. It had rich soil, access to water, and a warm climate. 4. How did Mexican independence from Spain affect Austins colony? Austins contract was invalid after Mexican independence. He was gone for one year, while he worked for a new law to allow his colony to exist.