ANIMALS BREEDING IN RELATION TO ORGANIC

FARMING

HISTORY Polynésians were great navigators .During migrations they broutht animals with them.

Polynesia and various types of breeding

. In French Polysesia livestock is constituated pigs,cattle, goats and poultry .

The first objective of Polynésia's farming is to achieve food self- sufficiency .

The largest cattle is at Taravao plateau ( 315 hectares and 900 cattle herd with 300 dairy cows

Dairy cow: Prim’Holstein 1300 à1500 liters of milk per days

Milk is stored in a tank at 4° until transported to the dairy SACHET where it will be pasteurized and canned.

• Milk production (11532 hl in 2009 ) is subject to concurrency sterilized milk shelf from import and not subject to local development tax(TDL). Local production is sold fresh radius and covers less than 20% of consumers needs.

Meat production grew by 37,3% in 2009 162 tonnes.Tahiti represents 2/3 of the total and

provides Papeete’s market . The beef import fell 7,3% in 2009 162 tonnes.

Beef meat : Blonde d’Aquitaine

Indian race: Brahman

Poultry• With 90% of the total. Tahiti is the

first zone of production in French Polynesia (4,3 million dozen in 2009) Chicken meat comes from a single operating Papara (Tahiti) 81 tones. Imports increased by 2% (13456 tones against 13186 tones in 2009

PIG BREEDING• Livestock is share between twenty

industrial exploitations.

• Pigs production for consumption in meat product: 1184 tones.

• The food processing activity is supplied by imports, quotas are set in council ministers : 1888 tones.

Howewer meat production does not meet the local consumption, where

from an important import .

Also other products are completed by imports.

COMPOSTING

Compost is organic matter that has been decomposed and recycled as fertilizer and soil amendment. Compost is a key ingredient in organic farming.

Composting benefits

Soil conditioner : with compost , you are creating rich humus for garden. This adds nutrients to your plants and help retain moisture in the soil.

Recycles kitchen and yard waste : composting can divert as much as 30% household waste away from garbadge can.

Introduces benefical organisms to the soil : Microscopic organisms in compost help aerate the soil, break down material for plant use and ward off plant disease.

Good for the environment : composting offers a natural alternative for chemical fertilizers.

Reduces landfill waste : most landfill are quickly filling up ; many have already closed down. One-third of lanfill waste is made up of compostable materials.

WHAT TO COMPOST? Material Carbon/

Nitrogene Info

Table scraps nitrogen Add with dry carbon items

Fruits and vegetablesraps

nitrogen Add with dry carbon

Coconut husk carbon Best when crushed

White sand neutral Rich in calcium and preventthe loss of nitrogen

Seaweed nitrogen Apply in thin layers ; good source for trace minerals.

Shrub prunings carbon Best when crushed

Chicken manure nitrogen Excellent compost « activator »

Grass clippings nitrogen Add in thin layers so they don’t mat into clumps.

E.M ( effective micro-organism)

Excellent compost activator.Accelerate the composting process.

HOW TO COMPOST?• 1 Start your compost pile on bare earth .This allows worms and

others beneficial organisms to aerate the compost and be transported to your garden beds

• 2 Lay twigs or straws first, a few inches deep, this aid drainage and helps aerate the pile.

• 3 Add compost materials in layers, alterning moist and dry. Moist ingredients are food craps, seaweed, grass clipping…etc .Dry materials are coconut husk, straw, leaves , wood ashes

• 4 Add chicken manure and E.M. This activates the compost pile and speeds the process along.

• 5 Keep compost moist : water occasionally or let the rain do the job.

• 6 Cover with anything you have: plastic shiting.Covering helps to retain moisture and heat two essentials for compost.Covering also prevents the compost being over watered by rain.The compost should be moist but not soaked and sodden

• 7 Turn. Every 3 weeks give the pile a quick turn with a pitchwork.This aerates the pile . Oxygen is required for the process to work and turning adds oxygen.

• Carbon/nitrogen ratio All compostable materials are either carbon or nitrogen based to varying degrees. The secret of healthy compost pile is to maintain a working balance between these two elements. A healthy compost should have more carbon than nitrogen . The simple rule of tumber is to use one- third green and two- thirds brown materials.

Livestock serving organic farming.

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The pump sucks up pig manure in the tank

Pig slurry is sprayed on the compost.

Using compostTurn the pile with the pitchfork every 3 weeks

We also use chicken manure to fertilizer the soil..

Filling barrels chicken manureIn the barn to Faaroa

Chargement drums in the truck.

Chicken manure is diluted to 30%

Fertilization of lettuce 2 times per week

L

Also uses cow dung as a natural fertilizer

Cow dung is mixed with the soil 1/3 cow dung et 2/3 water

Chinese cabbages are ready for harvest

Currently our school aims to spread livestock and organic

farming in Raiatea.

For successful development of organic farming and livestock we need a complete investment by

agricultural professionnals.

2020 the part of organic agricultural products should be 50% of local market.

Eat local! At school students are encouraged to consume local products,the snack, dessert :banana… Once a month tahitian food is served

FRESH MILK

Raw fish

FRESH EGGS

Tahitian food