Announcements• Papers are due this Friday at 11:59 PM

• Don’t wait until 11:59 PM to try and upload your paper. You might run into technical difficulties

• There were problems with plagiarism in the outlines

▫ this needs to be eliminated before you turn in your reports

▫check your Turnitin.com originality report.

• Read Guidelines about the required Appendix C of robot report – so you know what to do

My robot project is this far

A. All done – robot leaves arena with green beacon

B. Can find green beacon – but can’t leave arena

C. Can find red beacon and turn it off – but can’t find green beacon

D. Can find red beacon but can’t turn it off

E. Cannot find red beacon

Human Factors in DesignAppendix C of Robot Report

Requirements for Appendix C

•1 page (400-500 words) for each member of the team

•Discuss how to modify the design of a companion robot to serve a child or a 65+ adult

•Base your design decisions on information from reliable literature (see examples in Canvas: Robot Module - Appendix C: Robot Readings)

What are Human Factors (HF)?

And why do engineers need to be concerned about them?

Human Factors is the application of knowledge about human characteristics to design

•Physical▫Strength, size, reaction time, endurance,

frailty, eyesight, fine motor skills•Social/Emotional/Cultural

▫User preferences (simplicity, reliability, aesthetics, safety, cost, etc.), culturally-based behaviors (reading, speaking), acceptance

•Cognitive▫Understanding cause and effect, user

interface, interpreting emotions and intentions

Human factors design principles

Senses- Vision - Hearing

Psychomotor- Hands

Input Devices- Buttons

Output- Display - Sound

INTERFACE

US Department of Veteran Affairs

Human Factors also acknowledge that humans are fallible.., people make mistakes!

So why consider Human Factors?

•Improve efficiency •Ensure safety•Increase human performance (i.e.,

productivity)•Minimize costs (economic, legal, social)Especially critical to space/air, nuclear and healthcare industries

Human Factors design considerations affect product effectiveness, safety, and ultimately, desirability.

Source: FDA Medical Device Use-Safety

Example: Healthcare-related technology is rapidly growing

You hope Human Factors were considered in the design of this equipment

Human Factors (ergonomics) integrates knowledge from multiple fields

•Engineering•Psychology•Physiology/Kinesiology•Biology•Anthropology

SJSU has a human factors program in the Industrial and Systems Engineering department

 Source: Integrated Safety Management, Berkeley Labwikipedia

Which would not be considered a Human Factor to be addressed?

A. Limited memory

B. Fatigue

C. Illness

D. Cultural

E. None of the above

Discuss with your neighbor how human factors were included in the IDEO shopping cart design.

Physical Domain – Consider human scale

The relationship between stress and performance

Stress level

Area of “optimum”

stress

Low stress Boredom

High stress Anxiety, panic

Perf

orm

an

ce l

eve

l

Yerkes, R. M., & Dodson, J. D. (1908) The relation of strength of stimulus to rapidity of habit-formation.

Journal of Comparative Neurology and Psychology, 18, 459-482

Physical Domain: Consider Effects of Stress

Physical Domain – Consider Anthropometric Data – For example reach

Source: http://www.mccauslandco.com/

Source: http://openacademyofknowledge.wikispaces.com/

Physical Domain – Consider Developmental Capabilities

Physical Domain – Assistive Technology

Social Domain – Cultural Norms

Social/Emotional

•Follows Social Conventions▫Getting on elevator – wait

your turn•Can respond to human

signals▫Change of voice (e.g. express

sympathy when you are tired)

▫Response to violent behavior

Bandit-II used in hospitals

Social/Emotional•Match robot personality to that of user

Source: Tapus (2008)

Social/Emotional

•Human but not too human – “uncanny valley”

Source: pinktentacle.com

Cognitive Domain – What do users perceive?See Woods paper

Friendly?

Unfriendly?

Cognitive Domain – What do users perceive?See Woods paper

Can talk?Can’t talk?

Cognitive Domain - Compatibility

Cognitive Domain – Sometimes we think too much….

•Look at the chart•Say the color of the word, not the word

itself Optillusions.com

Attention to which Human Factors in the workplace could help reduce errors?

A. Avoiding reliance on memory

B. Making things more visible

C. Simplifying processes or procedures

D. Making equipment easy to operate

E. All of the above

Discuss some ways you might modify an assistive robot for the two audiences

Source: http://www.robaid.com/