Annual epidemiological spotlight on STIs in the South East: 2014 data

Field Epidemiology Services, South East and LondonPHE gateway number: 2015387

Summary of 2014 data for South East residents

• Over 53,400 new STIs diagnosed

• New STI diagnosis rate: 626 diagnoses per 100,000 population

• Diagnoses of gonorrhoea rose by 23%, syphilis by 55% 2013−14

• Chlamydia detection rate in those aged 15−24 was 1,665 per 100,000 pop. (aim = 2,300)

• Diagnoses in GUM: 12% of new diagnoses were in MSM (82% of syphilis)

• 15−24 year olds accounted for 57% of New STI diagnoses

• 1% of new STI diagnoses were in black Caribbeans who also have the highest rate (1,770 per 100,000 pop.)

• White ethnic group has the highest numbers of new STIs (89% of total)

2 Annual Epidemiological Spotlight on STIs in the South East: 2014 data

Figure 1: New STI diagnoses per 100,000 population by PHE centre of residence, 2014

3 Annual epidemiological spotlight on STIs in the South East: 2014 data

Source: Public Health England, GUMCAD and CTAD.

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Figure 2: Diagnoses of the five main STIs: South East residents, 2010−2014

4 Annual epidemiological spotlight on STIs in the South East: 2014 data

Source: Public Health England, GUMCAD and CTAD.

Any increase in gonorrhoea diagnoses may be due to the increased use of highly sensitive nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) and additional screening of extra-genital sites in MSM.Any decrease in genital wart diagnoses may be due to a moderately protective effect of HPV-16/18 vaccination.Any increase in genital herpes diagnoses may be due to the use of more sensitive NAATs.Increases or decreases may also reflect changes in testing practices.Due to changes in 2012 to the surveillance of chlamydia, comparisons to previous years are not robust.

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Num

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Syphilis Gonorrhoea Chlamydia (pre-CTAD)

Genital Herpes Genital Warts Chlamydia (CTAD)

Figure 3: Diagnosis rates of the five main STIs: South East residents, 2010−2014

5 Annual epidemiological spotlight on STIs in the South East: 2014 data

Source: Public Health England, GUMCAD, CTAD, NCSP and laboratory chlamydia data.

Any increase in gonorrhoea diagnoses may be due to the increased use of highly sensitive nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) and additional screening of extra-genital sites in MSM.Any decrease in genital wart diagnoses may be due to a moderately protective effect of HPV-16/18 vaccination.Any increase in genital herpes diagnoses may be due to the use of more sensitive NAATs.Increases or decreases may also reflect changes in testing practices.Due to changes in 2012 to the surveillance of chlamydia, comparisons to previous years are not robust.

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Table 1: Percentage change in new STI diagnoses. South East residents

6 Annual epidemiological spotlight on STIs in the South East: 2014 data

Source: Public Health England, GUMCAD, CTAD, NCSP and laboratory chlamydia data..

Please see notes for Figure 3.Due to changes in 2012 to the surveillance of chlamydia diagnosed outside GUM, comparisons for chlamydia and for new STIs before and after 2012 are not robust and, therefore, have not been presented.

Diagnoses 2014 % change 2010-2014 % change 2013-2014

New STIs 53,409 - 0%

Syphilis 449 96% 55%

Gonorrhoea 3,050 109% 23%

Chlamydia 24,911 - 6%

Genital Herpes 4,381 -1% -4%

Genital Warts 9,809 -12% -9%

Figure 4: Rate of new STIs per 100,000 residents by age group in South East, 2014

7 Annual epidemiological spotlight on STIs in the South East: 2014 data

Source: Public Health England, GUMCAD and CTAD.

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Age

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Figure 5: Rates by ethnicity per 100,000 population of South East residents diagnosed with a new STI: 2014

8 Annual epidemiological spotlight on STIs in the South East: 2014 data

Source: Public Health England, GUMCAD and CTAD.

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Table 2: Proportion of South East residents diagnosed with a new STI by ethnicity: 2014

9 Annual epidemiological spotlight on STIs in the South East: 2014 data

Source: Public Health England, GUMCAD and CTAD.

Ethnic group Number Percentage excluding unknown

White 38,213 89%

Black Caribbean 561 1%

Black African 946 2%

Other BME 3,134 7%

Unknown 10,555

Figure 6: Diagnoses of the five main STIs among men who have sex with men (MSM) in GUM clinics: South East residents, 2010−2014

10 Annual epidemiological spotlight on STIs in the South East: 2014 data

Source: Public Health England, GUMCAD .

GUMCAD started in 2009. Reporting of sexual orientation is less likely to be complete for earlier years, so rises seen may be partly artefactual.Any increase in gonorrhoea diagnoses may be due to the increased use of highly sensitive nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) and additional screening of extra-genital sites in MSM.Any decrease in genital wart diagnoses may be due to a moderately protective effect of HPV-16/18 vaccination.Any increase in genital herpes diagnoses may be due to the use of more sensitive NAATs.Any increase or decrease may reflect changes in testing.

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Syphilis Gonorrhoea Chlamydia Genital Herpes Genital Warts

Table 3: Percentage change in new STI diagnoses in men who have sex with men (MSM) diagnosed in GUM clinics. South East residents

11 Annual epidemiological spotlight on STIs in the South East: 2014 data

Source: Public Health England, GUMCAD.

Please see notes for Figure 6.

Diagnoses 2014 % change 2010-2014 % change 2013-2014

New STIs 4,699 127% 18%

Syphilis 361 244% 67%

Gonorrhoea 1,622 342% 36%

Chlamydia 1,086 162% 25%

Genital Herpes 164 74% 2%

Genital Warts 382 27% -8%

Figure 7a: Rate of new STI diagnoses per 100,000 population among South East residents by local authority of residence: 2014

12 Annual epidemiological spotlight on STIs in the South East: 2014 data

Source: Public Health England, GUMCAD and CTAD.

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Figure 7b: Rate of new STI diagnoses (excluding chlamydia diagnoses in persons aged 15−24 years) per 100,000 population aged 15−64 years among South East residents by local authority of residence: 2014

13 Annual epidemiological spotlight on STIs in the South East: 2014 data

Source: Public Health England, GUMCAD and CTAD.

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Figure 8: Chlamydia detection rate per 100,000 population aged 15−24 years in the South East by upper tier local authority of residence: 2014

14 Annual epidemiological spotlight on STIs in the South East: 2014 data

Source: Public Health England, GUMCAD and CTAD.

PHE recommends that local areas should be working towards achieving a chlamydia detection rate of at least 2,300 per 100,000 among individuals aged 15 to 24 years.

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Figure 9: Rate of gonorrhoea diagnoses per 100,000 population in the South East by upper tier local authority of residence: 2014

15 Annual epidemiological spotlight on STIs in the South East: 2014 data

Source: Public Health England, GUMCAD.

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Figure 10: Map of new STI rates per 100,000 residents by upper tier local authority in the South East: 2014

16 Annual epidemiological spotlight on STIs in the South East: 2014 data

Source: Public Health England, GUMCAD and CTAD