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    Anti-acids

    Formuation, types, mechanism ofaction, side effects, symptoms of

    overdose

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    Formulation of Antacids ChewableTablet

    Most choose of the solid dosage form forantacid is chewable tablet. Chewable tabletcontain Famotidine, Calcium Carbonate andMagnesium Hydroxide were prepared by

    wet granulation. There are problems to beconsiderated to manufacturing thischewable tablets. Antacid chewable tabletusually was unprescription drug (Over TheCounter), so people can buy this product in

    supermarket or pharmacy. Because its anOTC product, the price should not be tooexpensive (reachable by the commonsociety).

    http://formulation.vinensia.com/2008/08/formulation-of-antacids-chewable-tablet.htmlhttp://formulation.vinensia.com/2008/08/formulation-of-antacids-chewable-tablet.htmlhttp://formulation.vinensia.com/2008/08/formulation-of-antacids-chewable-tablet.htmlhttp://formulation.vinensia.com/2008/08/formulation-of-antacids-chewable-tablet.html

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    Some anti-acids brands

    Alka-Seltzer Andrews Antacid Brioschi Equate Maalox Milk of Magnesia Pepto-Bismol Pepto-Bismol Childrens Rennie (tablets) Rolaids Tums Mylanta Eno Gelusil

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alka-Seltzerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brioschi_(company)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wal-Mart_brandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maaloxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milk_of_Magnesiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuth_subsalicylatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolaidshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mylantahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eno_(drug)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelusilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelusilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eno_(drug)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mylantahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolaidshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuth_subsalicylatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuth_subsalicylatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuth_subsalicylatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milk_of_Magnesiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maaloxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wal-Mart_brandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brioschi_(company)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alka-Seltzerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alka-Seltzerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alka-Seltzer

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    Mechanism of action

    Antacids either directly neutralize acidity,increasing thepH ,or reversibly reduce orblock the secretion of acid by gastric cells

    to reduce acidity in the stomach. Whengastrichydrochloric acidreachesthenervesin the gastrointestinalmucosa ,theysignal painto the central nervous

    system. This happens when these nervesare exposed .

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PHhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrochloric_acidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nerveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucosahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nociceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nociceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucosahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nerveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrochloric_acidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PH

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    Side effects Carbonateandbicarbonate :regular high doses may

    causealkalosis ,which in turn may result in altered excretion ofother drugs, and kidney stones. A chemical reaction betweenthe carbonate and hydrochloric acid may produce carbondioxide gas. This causes gastric distension which may not bewell tolerated. Carbon dioxide formation can also lead to

    headaches and decreased muscle flexibility. Aluminum hydroxide :may lead to the formation of insoluble

    aluminium-phosphate-complexes, with a riskforhypophosphatemiaandosteomalacia .Althoughaluminiumhas a low gastrointestinal absorption,accumulation may occur mainly in the presence ofrenalinsufficiency .Aluminium-containing drugs often

    causeconstipationand are neurotoxic. Aluminium-containingdrugs are contraindicated in pregnancy. Magnesium hydroxide :haslaxativeproperties. Magnesium may

    accumulate in patients withrenal failureleadingtohypermagnesemia ,with cardiovascular and neurologicalcomplications. SeeMilk of magnesia.

    Sodium :increased intake of sodium may be deleterious

    forarterial hypertension ,heart failureand many renal diseases.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkalosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkalosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkalosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkalosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicarbonatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkalosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminum_hydroxidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypophosphatemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteomalaciahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypophosphatemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypophosphatemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteomalaciahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_insufficiencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_insufficiencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_insufficiencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_insufficiencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constipationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constipationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constipationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constipationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesium_hydroxidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laxativehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_failurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_failurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_failurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypermagnesemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_failurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypermagnesemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milk_of_magnesiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milk_of_magnesiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milk_of_magnesiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milk_of_magnesiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arterial_hypertensionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arterial_hypertensionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arterial_hypertensionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_failurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arterial_hypertensionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_failurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_failurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arterial_hypertensionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milk_of_magnesiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypermagnesemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_failurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laxativehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesium_hydroxidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constipationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_insufficiencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_insufficiencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteomalaciahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypophosphatemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminum_hydroxidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkalosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicarbonatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonate

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    Symptoms of overdose

    Bone pain ( from chronic overuse) Constipation Decreased reflexes Diarrhea Dry mouth Irregular heartbeat Poor balance Shallow, rapid breathing Stupor ( lack of alertness)


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