antibiotic resistance -aveen omer
DESCRIPTION
brief introduction for antibiotic resistance & START group of IFMSA.TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE
Aveen Omer
Hawler College of Medicine/Kurdistan
![Page 2: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The word antibiotic comes from the Greek anti meaning 'against' and bios meaning 'life‘
' Antibiotics are also known as antibacterials.
What are antibiotics?
![Page 3: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Drugs used to treat infections caused
by bacteria. An antibacterial is a compound or
substance that kills or slows down the growth of bacteria
![Page 4: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Many mechanism: 1. inhibiting cell wall growth and
synthesis. 2.Alter ribosomal function by
inhibiting protein synthesis. 3. Interfere with replication of
DNA or RNA.
How Antibiotics work?
![Page 5: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
4. Drugs block the metabolic
pathway essential for the life of the micro-organism.
5. Disruption of the cell membrane permeability.
![Page 6: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Occurs when an antibiotic has lost
its ability to effectively control or kill bacterial growth.
The bacteria are "resistant" and continue to multiply in the presence of therapeutic levels of an antibiotic.
What’s antibiotic resistance?
![Page 7: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Mechanisms:1. Production of drug-inactivation
enzymes.2. Structural modification of
antibiotic target site.3. Anaerobic bacteria are resistant
to the actions of Aminoglycosides
How bacteria get resistance to Antibiotics??
![Page 10: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
4.Altered uptake of
antibiotics>> resulting in decreased permeability, increased efflux.
5. Development of alternative metabolic pathways.
![Page 11: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Why is antimicrobial resistance a global concern?
![Page 12: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
1. Antibiotic resistance kills.
2. Antibiotic resistance impedes the control of infectious agents.
3. with the problem of Antibiotic resistance progressing.. Threats increase to return to the pre-antibiotic era!
![Page 13: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
4. Resistance of infectious agents to antibiotics, increases the costs of health care.
5. Jeopardizes health-care gains to society.
6. Threatens health security, and damages trade and economies.
![Page 14: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
1. Doctors who have become slave of habit.2. prescribing>> without checking for the antibiotic sensitivity tests and also using broad spectrum antibiotics.3. Cultural conceptions and patients demands.4.Antibiotics are on the-counter drugs.
Causes of Antibiotic resistance spreading;
![Page 16: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
5. poverty6. Patient compliance7.The enormous growth of global trade and travel •“Trade and travel have increased the speed and facility with which both infectious diseases and resistant microorganisms can spread between continents.”
![Page 17: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
8.Antibiotic use in food production and animal care
In several parts of the world, more than 50% in tonnage of all antimicrobial production is used in food-producing animals.
![Page 18: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Would you like to be a
doctor in a world where there were no antibiotics???
Changing word to actions
![Page 20: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
For 1 moment…STOP…
and..THINK…
![Page 21: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
What’s being done
globally???
![Page 22: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
•An international initiative with its base in Sweden
•Goal to reduce the development on antibiotic resistance
• www.reactgroup.org
React- Action on Antibiotic Resistance
![Page 24: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Student’s Targeting Antibiotic
Resistance Today!
PUTITNG A SOTP TO ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE!
START
![Page 25: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
PUTITNG A SOTP TO ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE!
![Page 26: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
An IFMSA group. Established>> December 2011 Cecilia Kållberg >>>Sweden Jannie Dressler >>>Denmark About 50 members, from 29
different countries!
![Page 27: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Webpage group Presentation/campaign group Article group Connections to stakeholders Policy Statement group
START structure
![Page 28: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
1. To educate and raise awareness. To create awareness about the
topic/ to educate people on the hazards of indiscriminate use of antibiotics.
To prevent the consicuances.
Short-term goals:
![Page 29: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
2. To create material To create material that could be
used by students when educating others
To produce material that could be used beside presentations (posters etc.)
![Page 30: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
To share standard treatment
guidelines amongst students at our universities
To conduct a survey on physicians knowledge about antibiotics and antibiotic resistance (se point 3 on the agenda)
![Page 31: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
1.To engage other groups.a. To ask med faculties to add
classes on the subjectb. To ask hospitals to educate their employees also
Long-term goals:
![Page 32: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
1.START>> gathering a group of interested students and members of IFMSA… also doctors
2.Activities>>Seminars, Workshops…etc.
3.Data collecting…surveys
How to start locally…
![Page 33: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Thanx
![Page 34: Antibiotic resistance -aveen omer](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061205/5480991cb4af9fce158b5cce/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)