John HancockSmuggling

Ship buildingSelf-government

Protection (strongest navy in the world)

Tobacco monopoly

Middle menStrict manufacturing laws“economic adolescence”

Lack of banking institutions

A B

AP US HISTORY BELL WORK

George Grenville… Prime MinisterFrench & Indian War debt

1763-Enforcement of Navigation Acts1764-Sugar Act- first law passed to raise revenue from the

colonies1765-Quarting Act (housing of troops)

1765-Stamp Act (requiring stamps on commercial & legal docs- including cards)

STEPS TO REVOLUTION

Courts used to enforce Sugar and Stamp ActsNo jury

Burden of proof is on the defendantsWhy were the Quartering Acts needed? No French and the

Pontiac’s Rebellion had been crushed?

ADMIRALTY COURTS & QUARTERING ACTS

English political tradition… rights of Englishmen (Magna Carta, Petition of Right, English Bill of Rights etc.)

Taxation without representationOnly elected representative could tax

Virtual representation?Legislation vs taxationStamp Act Congress

COLONIAL RESPONSES

Stamp Act Congress 1765- unifying group that states the rights of colonists

Others protests included home spun clothes- boycotts of British goods

Sons & Daughters of Liberty… “Liberty, Property and No Stamps!”

Protests- mob attacks

COLONIAL RESPONSE CONT.

Non-enforcement- resignation of officials.Boycotts hurt British trade (1/4 of British goods)

1766- Parliament repeals Stamp ActBut… pass the Declaratory Act- bind the colonies in all

cases whatsoever

BRITISH RESPONSE

An obvious drinker- but still gave speeches in Parliament1767- Townsend Acts

Taxes were indirect customs taxes (outside of English control)

Suspension of NY legislature- violated the Quartering Act

“CHAMPAGNE CHARLEY” TOWNSEND

Outcries due to the fact the taxes were used to pay royal governors

Smuggling (especially tea)Protests met with British troops sent to the colonies- Boston

March 5, 1770- Boston Massacere11 killed including Cripus Atticks

Trial- John Adams represents the troops (two guilty of manslaughter- the others were branded)

RESPONSES

Townsend Acts repealed (increasingly due to a loss of revenue)

But… a tea tax remainedSamuel Adams (penman of the Revolution) organizes the

Committees of CorrespondenceFrom Boston, more C of C’s sprouted colonially

LORD NORTH

Facing bankruptcy- needed to sell unsold teaAwarded a monopoly in the colonies- would be cheaper than

smuggled teaTea Parties take place all over- most famous is in Boston

BRITISH EAST INDIA TEA COMPANY

1774- passed a series of Repressive ActsBoston Port Act

Chartered laws abolished and town meetings bannedTrials for murdered colonists by British officials are held in

EnglandQuebec Act- Canada guaranteed Catholic rights, drew

Canadian borders

INTOLERABLE ACTS

Set a precedent- drawing borders and allowing for Catholics in a predominately Protestant North AmericaContinental Congress meets for the first time in 1774

COLONIAL RESPONSE

Created a Declaration of RightsAppeals to the King

Complete boycott- but not a declaration of Independence… will meet again later

1ST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS

Reject the appeals…Detachment of troops sent to Lexington & Concord to

obtain weapons cache

BRITISH REACTION